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Material Measurement Laboratory

Projects/Programs

Displaying 526 - 550 of 569

Thermal Desorption Ambient Mass Spectrometry

Ongoing
The Surface and Trace Chemical Analysis Group is involved in a number of research avenues for the rapid screening of wipe-collected samples for the security and forensic chemistry fields. Similar to the widely-deploy ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) systems for screening, this is accomplished through

Thermodynamic & Kinetic Data for Sustainable Energy

Completed
Knowledge of the thermodynamic, phase equilibria and diffusion properties of potential novel materials can greatly accelerate their development. However, the data needed for new, multi-component materials are often not available. The CALPHAD (Computer Coupling of Phase Diagrams and thermochemistry)
reaction coordinate

Thermodynamics of Enzyme-catalyzed Reactions

Ongoing
Current efforts are focused on industrially important biotransformation problems such as those found in hydrogenation, hydroxylation, aromatic amino acid metabolic pathways, and biofuel applications. The methods used include calorimetry, chromatography, enzymology, and spectrophotometry. The

Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry

Ongoing
ToF-SIMS is an imaging mass spectrometry (MS) technique that allows us to obtain isotopic, elemental, and molecular information from the surface of solid samples. A pulsed, energetic “primary” ion beam bombards the surface and induces a collision cascade, liberating “secondary” ions that are then

Tissue Engineering

Ongoing
Tissue Engineering Measurands: Tissue engineering measurands are confusing to discuss and a charting method to improve communication is demonstrated. Measurement Assurance Strategies for Regenerative Medicine: Reliable methods for assessing product consistency and quality. Regenerative Medicine

Tissue Engineering Measurands

Ongoing
Making a Measurand Chart: A measurand chart can be created for any measurement by writing down all the measurands that occur during the measurement. The panels should not be procedural steps, such as “wash the sample with buffer” or “centrifuge the microfuge tubes”. Consider if the measurement has a
Photo of blood droplets

Toxicology

Ongoing
Development of Low-Volume Drop Blood Drug Screening Tools This project aims to leverage recent NIST advances in ambient ionization mass spectrometry to develop platforms for low-volume blood drug screening. Direct Analysis in Real Time Mass Spectrometry (DART-MS) and Paper Spray Ionization Mass

Trace Contraband Detection

Ongoing
Screening of people and their belongings including luggage, vehicles, and packages for the presence of trace residues of explosives and narcotics (trace contraband detection) is widely used in aviation security and law enforcement. In common screening scenarios, trace contraband residues in the form

Traceability in Molecular Spectrophotometry

Ongoing
This program, sometimes referred to as the Optical Filters program, has supported the development, certification, and (as specified) recertification of Standard Reference Materials ® (SRMs ®) for the verification of the transmittance (absorbance) and wavelength scales of spectrophotometers in the
Photography of gas cylinder storage facility with cylinders stored horizontally in movable cabinets.

Traceable Calibration Gases: SRMs, NTRMs, and Protocol Gases

Ongoing
The Gas Sensing Metrology Group prepares the highest level gas standards, known as Primary Standard Gas Mixtures based on precise gravimetric methods and accurate purity analysis. These Primary Standards are verified at NIST, stability confirmed through reanalysis over many years, and compared

Training for Screeners and Lab Staff

Ongoing
Advances in primary screening technologies (x-ray, CT, AIT) have allowed the detection and discrimination of bulk quantities of potentially dangerous compounds on people or in bags. However, a secondary screening method - typically based on trace detection - is still required for correct

Transport Properties of Complex Particles and Polymers

Ongoing
Our approach is divided into several technical approaches: 1) Precise particle shape specification based on observation, 2) calculation of particle properties and 3) the calculation of the effect of particle shape on the properties of the polymer materials. Our computational webtool ZENO
SRM 3452 certified Seebeck coefficient data

Transport Property Measurements for Semiconductors and Energy Materials

Ongoing
The properties of materials and interfaces that govern reliability, performance, and thermal transport in advanced microelectronic packages are not fully characterized or understood, especially at device length scales wherein properties may differ significantly from bulk or literature values
Online video tutorials education button in Laptop notebook computer screen. Play lesson concept. Vector illustration

Tutorials in Analytical Chemistry

Ongoing
Topic Links Laboratory Operations and Sample Processing Use of Analytical Balances Video N/A Volumetric Transfer of Liquids Video PowerPoint Determination of Liquid Density Video PowerPoint Preparation of Calibration Solutions Video PowerPoint Soxhlet Extractions Video PowerPoint Pressurized Fluid
Illustration of three models with low, medium and high granularity.

Understanding Protein Solution Phase Behavior via Coarse-Grained Modeling

Ongoing
Intended Impact Because biological systems span a broad range of length and time scales, they cannot be studied effectively using conventional all-atom simulations. While hardware advances represent one route to improving the computational tractability of simulating biological systems, significant

Unfolding and Aggregation of Therapeutic Proteins

Completed
A stable protein formulation is essential to the safety of mAb drugs. In particular, mAb drug solutions formulated at high concentrations can undergo various biophysical instabilities, such as aggregation and liquid-liquid phase separation. These undesired solution properties are primarily driven by

Uniaxial Tension Beyond Necking

Ongoing
A major limitation of the uniaxial tensile test (ASTM E8) is that after a certain amount of tensile strain, the sample eventually undergoes a mechanical instability - it forms a neck. Although the sample continues to plastically deform, the stress can no longer be unambiguously determined as load

Using AI to Determine Structure-Property Relations in Materials

Ongoing
The Material Measurement Lab at NIST employs artificial intelligence for the prediction and discovery of materials characteristics. Our applications of artificial intelligence (AI) accelerate materials research as well as help the community learn about AI's capabilities and gain confidence in

Validating A.I. Pipelines for Analysis of Live Cell Image Data

Ongoing
We are exploring methods for very high-speed cell image data collection, which is enabling the repeated sampling of thousands of cells every 2 minutes. Rapid sampling allow us to observe dynamic processes in cells (such as cell division) on a relevant time scale. Such rates of sampling allows us to
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