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Physics

Optical physics and communications

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Displaying 526 - 550 of 861

Developing Microwave Photonic Temperature Sensors

July 9, 2015
Author(s)
John S. Quintavalle, James Filla, Gregory F. Strouse, Zeeshan Ahmed
In recent years there has been considerable interest in exploiting the temperature dependence of sapphire whispering gallery mode frequency to develop a mechanically stable, high accuracy temperature sensor. Disk-resonator-based devices have been

Development of traceable measurement of the diffuse optical properties of solid reference standards for biomedical optics at the National Institute of Standards and Technology

July 1, 2015
Author(s)
David W. Allen, Paul Lemaillet, Jean-Pierre Bouchard
The development of a national reference instrument dedicated to the measurement of the scattering and absorption properties of solid tissue-mimicking phantoms used as reference standards is presented. The optical properties of the phantoms are measured

CALIBRATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF A SEAPRISM RADIOMETER FOR AERONET-OC

June 19, 2015
Author(s)
Bettye C. Johnson, Steven W. Brown, John T. Woodward IV, Keith R. Lykke, Giuseppe Zibordi
The global Aerosol Robotic Network for Ocean Color (AERONET-OC) program utilizes AERONET CE-318 sun photometers (termed “SeaPRISMs”) modified for in-air observations of ocean waters situated on oil drilling rigs, off-shore lighthouses, or other platforms

Dedicated NOAA/JPSS VIIRS Ocean Color Calibration/Validation Cruise

June 12, 2015
Author(s)
Bettye C. Johnson, Michael Ondrusek, Eric Stengel, Veronica P. Lance, Menghua Wang, Kenneth Voss, Giuseppe Zibordi, Marko Talone, Zhongping Lee, Jianwei Wei, Junfang Lin, Chuanmin Hu, David English, Charles Kovach, Jennifer Cannizzaro, Alex Gilerson, Sam Ahmed, Ahmed El-Habashi, Robert Foster, Robert Arnone, Ryan Vandermeulen, Sherwin Ladner, Wesley Goode, Joaquim I. Goes, Helga de Rosario Gomes, Alex Chekalyuk, Kali McKee, Scott Freeman, Aimee Neeley, Amir Ibrahim
The NOAA/STAR Ocean Color team is focused on “end-to-end” production of ocean color satellite products. In situ validation of satellite data is essential to producing the high-quality products required and expected by the international ocean color remote

Fiber Bragg Gratings Embedded in 3D-Printed Scaffolds

June 1, 2015
Author(s)
Peter Liacouras, Khazar Choudhry, Grant Grant, Gregory F. Strouse, Zeeshan Ahmed
In recent years there has been considerable interest in utilizing fiber optic based sensors as embedded sensor for fabricating smart materials. One of the primary motivations is to provide real-time information on the structural health of the material so

Experimentally, How Does Cu TSV Diameter Influence its Stress State?

May 27, 2015
Author(s)
Chukwudi A. Okoro, Lyle E. Levine, Yaw S. Obeng, Ruqing Xu
In this work, an experimental study of the influence of Cu through-silicon via (TSV) diameter on stress build up was performed using synchrotron-based X-ray microdiffraction technique. Three Cu TSV diameters were studied; 3 µm, 5 µm and 8 µm, all of which

Spectral reflectance variability of skin and attributing factors

May 21, 2015
Author(s)
Catherine C. Cooksey, Benjamin K. Tsai, David W. Allen
Knowledge of the spectral reflectance signature of human skin over a wide spectral range will help advance the development of sensing systems for many applications, ranging from medical treatment to security technology. A critical component of the

Spectral homogenization techniques for the hyperspectral image projector

May 15, 2015
Author(s)
Joseph P. Rice, Logan E. Hillberry
In an effort to improve technology for performance testing and calibration of multispectral and hyperspectral imagers, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has been developing a Hyperspectral Image Projector (HIP) capable of projecting

Quantitative scheme for full-field polarization rotating fluorescence microscopy (PROM) using a liquid crystal variable retarder

May 14, 2015
Author(s)
John F. Lesoine, Ji Y. Lee, Hyeong G. Kang, Matthew L. Clarke, Robert C. Chang, Ralph Nossal, Jeeseong C. Hwang
We introduce real-time, full-field, polarization rotating fluorescence microscopy (PROM) to monitor the absorption dipole orientations of fluorescent molecules. A quarter-wave plate, in combination with a liquid crystal variable retarder (LCVR), provides a

Revealing Integrated Intensity Distributions (RIID)

May 14, 2015
Author(s)
John F. Lesoine
Measuring the distribution of a light sources intensity fluctuations is important to many scientific disciplines. However, these integrated intensity distributions are hidden in noisy experimental photon counting data because of the photometric detection

SI-Traceable Calibrations of Celestial Objects

May 14, 2015
Author(s)
Keith R. Lykke, Claire E. Cramer, John T. Woodward IV
Photometric calibration is currently the leading source of systematic uncertainty in supernova surveys that aim to determine the nature of dark energy. The bulk of this uncertainty is due to imperfect knowledge of the spectral energy distribution of stars

Towards a FPGA-controlled deep phase modulation interferometer

May 11, 2015
Author(s)
Marcelo Teran, Victor Martin, Lluis Gesa, Ignacio Mateos, Ferran Gibert, Nico Karnesis, Juan Ramos Castro, Thomas Schwarze, Oliver Gerberding, Gerhard Heinzel, Felipe Guzman, Miquel Nofrarias
Deep phase modulation interferometry was proposed as a method to enhance homodyne interferometers to work over many fringes. In this scheme, a sinusoidal phase modulation is applied in one arm while the demodulation takes place as a post-processing step

Chemically-Sensitive Bioimaging with Coherent Raman Scattering

April 29, 2015
Author(s)
Charles H. Camp, Marcus T. Cicerone
Raman scattering provides an intrinsic fingerprint of chemical composition. Spontaneous Raman spectroscopy has been used for many decades to interrogate biological materials and systems, but is not widely used for imaging due to relatively slow signal

Nondestructive measurement of the evolution of layer-specific mechanical properties in sub-10nm bilayer films

April 21, 2015
Author(s)
Justin M. Shaw, Kathleen Hoogeboom-Pot, Jorge Hernandez-Charpak, Henry Kapteyn, Margaret Murnane, Damiano Nardi
ABSTRACT: We use short-wavelength extreme-ultraviolet light to independently measure the mechanical properties of disparate layers within a bilayer film with single-monolayer sensitivity. We show that in Ni/Ta nanostructured systems, while their densities

On-Fiber Plasmonic Interferometer for Multi-Parameter Sensing

April 20, 2015
Author(s)
Zhijian Zhang, Yongyao Chen, Haijun H. Liu, Hyungdae Bae, Douglas A. Olson, Miao Yu
We demonstrate a novel miniature multi-parameter sensing device based on a plasmonic interferometer fabricated on a fiber facet in the optical communication wavelength range. This device enables the coupling between surface plasmon resonance and plasmonic

Compact Nano-Mechanical Plasmonic Phase Modulators

April 1, 2015
Author(s)
Brian S. Dennis, Michael Haftel, David Czaplewski, Daniel Lopez, Girsh Blumberg, Vladimir Aksyuk
The miniaturization of photonic devices is fundamentally limited by the index of refraction of the constituent materials if light is confined in dielectric nanostructures. By coupling electromagnetic fields to metal's free electrons plasmonic devices

Making digital phantoms with spectral and spatial light modulators for quantitative applications of hyperspectral optical medical imaging devices

March 6, 2015
Author(s)
Bonghwan Chon, fuyuki Tokumasu, Ji Youn Lee, David W. Allen, Joseph P. Rice, Jeeseong C. Hwang
We present a procedure to generate digital phantoms with a hyperspectral image projector (HIP) consisting of two liquid crystal on silicon (LCoS) spatial light modulators (SLMs). The digital phantoms are 3D image data cubes of the spatial distribution of

Analysis of coincidence-time loopholes in experimental Bell tests

March 4, 2015
Author(s)
B. G. Christensen, A. Hill, P. G. Kwiat, Emanuel Knill, Sae Woo Nam, Kevin Coakley, Scott Glancy, Krister Shalm, Y. Zhang
We apply a distance-based Bell-test analysis method ["Bell inequalities for continuously emitting sources" E. Knill et al. arXiv:14097732 (2014)] to three experimental data sets where conventional analyses failed or required additional assumptions. The

Infrared Optical Properties of Materials

February 24, 2015
Author(s)
Simon G. Kaplan, Leonard M. Hanssen, Raju V. Datla
This document describes the Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometry (FTIS) Facility at the Sensor Science Division (SSD) of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) to provide the infrared optical properties of materials (IROPM)
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