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Projects/Programs

Topic Area
Displaying 401 - 425 of 488

Quantum Simulation and Sensing with Trapped Ion Crystals

Ongoing
Entanglement between individual quantum objects exponentially increases the complexity of quantum many-body systems, so systems with more than 30-40 quantum bits cannot be fully studied using conventional techniques and computers. To make progress at this frontier of physics, we are pursuing Feynman...

Quantum Transport Measurements

Ongoing
It is necessary to isolate, control, and understand the fundamental physics of exotic states of matter to create nanoengineered systems with the requisite quantum properties for quantum information systems and advanced computing applications. We develop measurement capabilities and design test...

Quantum Waveform Metrology

Ongoing
The 2019 redefinition of the SI was motivated in part by the success of quantum electrical standards, such as those based on the Josephson and quantum Hall effects. Quantum standards enable the direct realization of physical quantities that are traceable to fundamental constants, invariant with...

Radiation Protection: Support of the Navy Dosimetry Program

Ongoing
Since 2010, the U.S. Navy has adopted a personal dosimeter designated as the model DT-702/PD, which was demonstrated to have an improved accuracy, energy discrimination and a lower detection limit than prior Navy designated models such as the DT-5XX/PD and DT-6XX/PD series. This dosimeter is used to...

Radiation Sensitivity of Thermoluminescent Dosimeter Sensors

Completed
The radiation sensitivity of a Thermoluminescent Dosimeter (TLD) is defined as dosimeter light output per dose unit. TLD light output depends not only on the sensitivity of the TLD elements (Fig.1) but also on the transparency of the Teflon® used for their encapsulation. The effect of encapsulation...

Radiation Thermometry

Ongoing
Radiation thermometers are calibrated using a range of variable-temperature blackbodies. For heatpipe blackbodies and fluid-stirred blackbodies, the temperatures of these blackbodies are determined using platinum resistance thermometers. These blackbodies can also be assigned temperatures using...

Raman Metrology and Instrumentation

Ongoing
Raman spectroscopy/microscopy is a powerful optical technique for rapid, non-destructive, label-free characterization of materials. It works under ambient conditions, often without requirement of any sample preparation. Applications span microelectronics, pharmaceutical, security and fundamental...

Reconditioning of the 4.45 MN deadweight machine

Completed
The 4.45 MN DWM has been in use in the NIST Force Laboratory since 1965 and is frequently characterized as the largest deadweight force standard in the world. Thousands of measurements through many force calibrations have been performed over the lifespan of the machine. The machine was the...

Reflectance Measurements of Human Skin

Ongoing
Investigations of the optical properties of human skin have largely been limited to the visible part of the electromagnetic spectrum, whereas many applications require high-quality reflectance data in the near infrared and short-wave infrared. Further, the complex and dynamic nature of skin results...

Reliable Vaccine Storage

Completed
Our group examines best practices for the storage and monitoring of vaccines in partnership with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC) Vaccine Supply and Assurance Branch. Vaccines are highly temperature sensitive, and inappropriate storage conditions can render them ineffective...

Remote Sensing Laboratory

Ongoing
The Remote Sensing Laboratory (RSL) is designed to address Earth-oriented remote sensing radiometry for the spectral region from the ultraviolet (UV) to the short wave infrared (SWIR), or 250 nm to 2500 nm. For spectral radiance, several lamp-illuminated integrating sphere sources are arranged...

Scanning-electron microscopy

Ongoing
Nanoscale measurements provide necessary feedback for the fabrication of nanoscale structures. However, achieving subnanometer uncertainty is challenging for even the best microscope systems. The challenge is even greater for three-dimensional nanostructures, which often require measurement of...

SDO/EVE/ESP Calibration

Ongoing
The SDO satellite is the first mission in NASA's Living With a Star program, which aims to understand the connections between the Sun and Earth. In addition to the light and heat with which we are familiar, the Sun produces x-ray radiation, extreme ultraviolet light, and the solar wind which...

Security: Air-Kerma Measurements in High Energy X-ray Beams

Completed
X rays are used for imaging the contents of vehicles and cargo. Because of the need to penetrate through the thickness of the wall of containers and vehicles in addition to the objects contained within, these systems rely on the use of penetrating radiation such as high energy megavoltage x rays...

Security (Archive): Neutron Detector Replacement Program

Completed
This course of action has included an intense sequence of tests of alternative technologies performed at the Los Alamos National Laboratory and the Nevada National Security Site. NIST has been integral to all phases of these testing programs, including evaluation of submitted detectors, design and...

Security (archive): X-ray Systems for Cargo and Vehicle Inspection Systems

Completed
The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) standard for the image quality indicators of non-intrusive cargo and vehicle inspection systems, ANSI N42.46, was previously developed through a series of meetings hosted by NIST. NIST has conducted and analyzed the results of tests using this...

Security: Nuclear Forensics Reference Material (RM) Program

Ongoing
NIST coordinates the production and characterization of nuclear forensics reference materials (NFRMs), which are vital for making precise and accurate measurements of nuclear materials. These materials will help ensure that measurements of nuclear material evidence are highly reliable, are traceable...

Semiconductor Integration of Electronics and Photonics

Ongoing
Using integrated photonics, we generate spectrally flat, dark soliton microresonator frequency combs with accurate alignment to the ITU-T grid. These laser sources support innovation in advanced communication and computation applications. Moreover, technical development in these application areas...

Sensing, Transport, and Simulation

Ongoing
We have recently developed a finite-size scaling approach and special simulation cell aspect ratio—the golden aspect ratio—to enable accurate incorporation of access resistant and bulk diffusion in ionic transport, see the figure. This enables quantitative, and efficient, prediction of ion transport...

Sequential Bayesian Experiment Design

Completed
We develop and publish the optbayesexpt python package. The package implements sequential Bayesian experiment design to control laboratory experiments for efficient measurements. The package is designed for measurements with: an experiment (possibly computational) that yields measurements and...

Si-Based Single Spin/Single Photon Measurement, Coherence and Manipulation

Ongoing
Devices based on moving and controlling single electrons offer the tantalizing possibility of achieving quantum information processing by virtue of their spin or charge coherent properties. We are pursuing CMOS-compatible Si-based quantum dots for a variety of goals, including:” Narrowband high-MHz...

Silicon-based single electron current standards

Ongoing
Our devices can manipulate and trap a single electron in a quantum dot through the application of voltages to electrostatically controlled tunnel barriers. By cycling these voltages appropriately, we are able to sequentially pump one electron at a time through the device. To produce a current...
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