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Absolute yields of negative ions and secondary electrons resulting from positive ions impacting a stainless steel surface have been determined as a function of the impact energy. The surface conditions range from those commonly found in situ for discharge
The configuration of antennas at an Open Area Test site (OATS) for calibrations results in constructive and destructive electric fields. Regardless of the calibration method used, the antenna to be calibrated should be loacted where the field varies slowly
James P. Randa, J. Achkar, F. I. Buchholz, T. Colard, D. Schubert, M. Sinclair, John Rice, G. S. Williams
We report results of a recent international comparison of thermal noise-power measurements, performed under the auspices of CIPM/CCE. The noise temperatures of two solid-state sources with GPC-7 connectors were measured at 2, 4, and 12 GHz. All results
James P. Randa, Dave K. Walker, Lawrence P. Dunleavy, Robert L. Billinger, John Rice
A set of wafer probeable diode noise source transfer standards are characterized using on-wafer noise temperature methods developed recently at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). This paper reviews the methods for accurate on-wafer
Uncertainty analyses are presented for NIST measurements of noise temperature. All systems currently used in NIST calibrations of thermal-noise sources are treated. These include tuned systems for 30 and 60 MHz, coaxial total-power radiometers for 1 to 12
A review of our efforts to evaluate and assess electron interaction data for the plasma processing community is presented. Specifically we present in this paper our recommended electron-interaction cross sections for CF 4, CHF 3, C 2F 6, and C 3F 8.
Loucas G. Christophorou, James K. Olthoff, David S. Green
The electric power industry's preferred gaseous dielectric (besides air), sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) has been shown to be a greenhouse gas. In this report we provide information that is useful in identifying possible replacement gases, in the event that
Dylan F. Williams, J. M. Belquin, Alain Spisser, Alain Cappy, G. Dambrine
We examine the effect of thin AlInAs/GaInAs epitaxial layers on the propagation of electrical signals in coplanar waveguide transmission lines fabricated on semi-insulating indium phosphide substrates. We show that argon isolation implants effectively
The NIST Noise Project has constructed and tested a radiometer for the measurement of noise sources in the WR-28 waveguide band (26.5 GHz to 40 GHz). It is a total-power radiometer which incorporates a six-port reflectometer for the measurement of relevant
This paper presents a measurement method that characterizes lossy printed multiconductor transmission lies embedded in transitions, connectors, or packages with significant electrical parasitics. We test the method on a pair of lossy coupled asymmetric
A recently developed electrothermal network simulation methodoogy is used to analyze the behavior of a full-bridge, pulse-width modulated (PWM), voltage-source inverter, which uses insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBT's) as the switching devices. The
This paper presents a measurement method that completely characterizes lossy printed multiconductor transmission lines. It determines not only the matrices of impedances and admittances per unit length describing the transmission line in the conductor