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Bioscience

Biomaterials

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Displaying 476 - 500 of 1729

Morphological Changes Driven by Nanofibrous Scaffolds Induce Marrow Stromal Cell Osteogenesis

October 11, 2011
Author(s)
Carl G. Simon Jr., Kaushik Chatterjee, Christopher K. Tison, Girish Kumar, Patrick S. Pine, Marc L. Salit, Jennifer H. McDaniel, Marian F. Young
Cells are sensitive to tissue scaffold architecture and these cell-material interactions drive cell functions critical in tissue regeneration. Results presented here demonstrate that nanofiber scaffolds force primary human bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSCs

Block copolymer photonic gel for mechanochromic sensing

September 19, 2011
Author(s)
Edwin Chan, Joseph J. Walish, Edwin L. Thomas, Christopher Stafford
In this work, we describe a strategy based on mechanochromic sensing, the coupling between mechanical and optical properties, of a block copolymer photonic gel. Although this phenomena has been observed in many materials, we demonstrate this concept for

Characterizing the Mechanical Properties and Degradation of Thin Polymer Membranes

August 28, 2011
Author(s)
Christopher M. Stafford, Jun Y. Chung, Junghyun Lee
The elasticity, strength, and toughness of thin polymer membranes are of considerable interest since direct knowledge of these key mechanical properties can provide insight into performance, durability, and underlying degradation mechanisms that occur over

Modeling Enzymatic Kinetic Pathways for Ring-Opening Lactone Polymerization

August 11, 2011
Author(s)
Peter M. Johnson, Santanu S. Kundu, Kathryn Beers
A unified kinetic pathway for the enzyme catalyzed polymerization and degradation of poly(ε-caprolactone) was developed. This model tracks the complete distribution of individual chain lengths, both enzyme-bound and in solution, and successfully predicts

Using Block Copolymer Self-Assembly to Imprint the Crystallization of Polymer Dendrites

August 10, 2011
Author(s)
Sangcheol Kim, Alamgir Karim, Jack F. Douglas, Christopher L. Soles, R M. Briber
We utilize the self-assembly of cylinder-forming block copolymer (BCP) films to create templates for dendritic polymer crystallization patterns. This templating was achieved by simply spin-casting thin films from a solution containing both the BCP

Analyses of a Cantilever-Beam Based Instrument for Evaluating the Development of Polymerization Stresses

August 9, 2011
Author(s)
Martin Chiang, Anthony A. Giuseppetti, Joy Dunkers, Jing Qian, Sheng Lin-Gibson, Gary E. Schumacher, Joseph M. Antonucci
Analytical and finite element analyses have been performed on a cantilever-beam based methodology (tensometer) for evaluating the development of stresses as the concomitant of constrained polymerization shrinkage. A guideline for designing a tensometer

Design and Optimization of a Permeation Testing System for Polymer Coatings

August 8, 2011
Author(s)
Adrian E. Verwolf
Measurements of liquid permeation through freestanding Parylene C membranes were made using a high- performance testing system, which demonstrated fast response (≤ 30 seconds) to changing concentrations in the sweep gas stream and detectability of less

PDH-locked, frequency-stabilized cavity ring-down spectrometer

June 16, 2011
Author(s)
Joseph T. Hodges, A. Cygan, Piotr Maslowski, Katarzyna E. Bielska, S. Wojtewicz, J. Domyslawska, Hisashi Abe, R.S. Trawinski, R. Ciurylo
We describe a high sensitivity and high spectral resolution laser absorption spectrometer based upon the frequency-stabilized cavity ring-down spectroscopy (FS-CRDS) technique. We used the Pound-Drever-Hall (PDH) method to lock the probe laser to the high

Controlled Vapor Deposition Approach to Generating Surface Energy/Chemistry Gradients

June 9, 2011
Author(s)
Julie N. Albert, Joey D. Kim, Christopher Stafford, Thomas H. Epps
Substrate surface energy/chemistry gradients provide a means for high-throughput exploration of the surface interactions that are important for many chemical and biological processes. We describe the implementation of a controlled vapor deposition approach

Combinatorial and High-throughput Screening of Biomaterials

June 6, 2011
Author(s)
Carl Simon Jr., Sheng Lin-Gibson
The review describes recent advances in utilizing combinatorial and high-throughput methods to better understand cell-material interactions, in terms of cell toxicity, adhesion, morphology, migration, proliferation and differentiation, particularly

Imaging Cells in Polymer Scaffolds by X-Ray Microcomputed Tomography

May 11, 2011
Author(s)
Shauna M. Dorsey, Sheng Lin-Gibson, Carl Simon Jr.
We have investigated the ability of X-ray microcomputed tomography (CT) to make quantitative, three-dimensional (3D) measurements of cell adhesion and proliferation in polymeric tissue engineering scaffolds. The most common method for examining cells in

Combinatorial Screening of Hydrogel Scaffolds for 3D Cell Culture

May 2, 2011
Author(s)
Kaushik Chatterjee, Marian F. Young, Carl Simon Jr.
Optimizing cell-material interactions is critical towards maximizing regeneration in tissue engineering. Combinatorial and high-throughput (CHT) methods can be used to systematically screen tissue scaffolds to identify optimal biomaterial properties

NIST Reference Material Scaffolds Characterized for Cell Response

April 24, 2011
Author(s)
Carl G. Simon Jr., Jeff M. Coles
Reference scaffolds characterized for cell response are being developed for use as a standard for biological characterization of new scaffolds. The need for reference scaffolds to serve as a calibration standard between labs has been identified as critical

Modulus-Driven Differentiation of Marrow Stromal Cells in 3D Is Independent of Cytoskeletal Integrity

April 11, 2011
Author(s)
Carl G. Simon Jr., Kaushik Chatterjee, Sapun Parekh, Sheng Lin-Gibson, Nicole M. Moore, Marcus T. Cicerone, Marian F. Young
Cell functions such as proliferation, migration, and differentiation are key physiological processes that are influenced by the physiochemical extracellular environment. We report on the effect of three-dimensional (3D) scaffold modulus on human bone
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