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Most would assume that the characterization of electronic display quality would be a straightforward process offering few complications. However, what the eye
Ronald G. Dixson, Ndubuisi G. Orji, Joseph Fu, V W. Tsai, E. C. Williams, Theodore V. Vorburger, H Edwards, D Cook, P West, R Nyffenegger
Atomic force microscopes (AFMs) are used in the semiconductor industry for a variety of metrology purposes. Step height measurements at the nanometer level and
Recently a new class of photocurable composites has been developed that utilize amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) as the filler phase with photoactivated dental
Traceable linewidth measurements of tiny features on photomasks and wafers present interesting challenges. Usually technical solutions exist for the problems
The challenge in empirical development of information retrieval systems at TREC is obtaining general conclusions from IR system responses to a sample of perhaps
Scientific information comes in many sizes, types and quality. Because of diversity of the scientific information being published, different issues will arise
D L. Goldfarb, Q Lin, M Angelopoulos, Christopher Soles, Eric K. Lin, Wen-Li Wu
The need for a better understanding of the physicochemical properties of radiation-sensitive thin polymer coatings for lithographic applications is driven by
This paper first overviews photometric quantities of lamps - luminous flux, luminous intensity, illuminance, and luminance - and general techniques for
The vacuum systems of all scanning electron microscopes (SEMs), even in the so-called clean instruments, have certain hydrocarbon residues that the vacuum pumps
Bradley N. Damazo, Andras Vladar, Alice V. Ling, Alkan Donmez, Michael T. Postek, Crossley E. Jayewardene
This paper describes the design and implementation of a system for monitoring the performance of a critical dimension measurement scanning electron microscope
Shalva Nolen, Todd E. Harvey, Carl D. Reintsema, Erich N. Grossman
Slot-ring antennas with planar backshorts, designed for operation at 95 GHz, have been fabricated and their properties measured. Using optical lithography, we
Nicholas Paulter, Erich N. Grossman, Gerard N. Stenbakken, Bryan C. Waltrip, Shalva Nolen, Carl D. Reintsema
The research and design of an active millimeter-wave concealed object imaging system is described. Several illumination and detection methods were analyzed via
Erich N. Grossman, Shalva Nolen, Nicholas Paulter, Carl D. Reintsema
We describe a system for detection of concealed weapons based upon imaging the millimeter-wave reflectance contrast between the weapon and the human body. An
Robert T. Johnk, David R. Novotny, Claude Weil, Marlene Taylor, T. J. O'Hara
This paper summarizes a joint NIST-Industry measurement effort. The purpose of this effort was to use a NIST-developed ultrawideband measurement system to
Alberto Scarlatti, M. S. Sarto, Christopher L. Holloway
The use of fitting models in the time-domain analysis of electromagnetic problems is of great interest. The aim of this paper is to describe the main features
Perry F. Wilson, Galen H. Koepke, John M. Ladbury, Christopher L. Holloway
The radiation and reception patterns of devices become more complicated as the measurement frequency is increased. These complicated patterns pose a challenge
David R. Novotny, Robert T. Johnk, Arthur Ondrejka
We present and analyze a method for free-field evaluation of broadband absorber in a non-ideal testing environment. Using broadband, short-impulse TEM horns, a
A description will be given of the ongoing Comite International des Poids et Measures (CIPM) key comparison programs in force. The participation of the National
Force calibrations obtainable at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) continue to focus on extracting the maximum performance from the
Chung Tong Hu, Deborah A. Frincke, David F. Ferraiolo
Many different access controls policies and models have been developed to suit a variety of goals: these include Role-Based Access Control, One-directional
This paper proposes a framework for performance evaluation md optimization of an emerging multimedia, packet Direct-Sequence Code Division Multiple Access (DS
Electromagnetic scattering of an incident plane monochromatic wave by dielectric or finitely conducting infinite cylinders of arbitrary shape, possibly in the
The fields scattered by a homogeneous dielectric or finitely conducting object can be obtained from two tangential vector fields, the components of the electric
At the National Institute of Standards and Technology, the goal of the program in Manufacturing Simulation and Visualization is to accelerate the development of
The history of testing heat insulators at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (formerly the National Bureau of Standards is nearly as long as the
I gaze into a somewhat cloudy crystal ball to predict the directions of electrical metrology in the next fifteen years. The emphasis on standards based on
We study the ferroelectric phase transition in PbSc1/2Nb1/2O3 (PSN) using a first-principles effective Hamiltonian approach. Results for PSN with NaCl-type