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We describe micro cantilevers developed for in-situ measurements of ultra-thin ferromagnetic films. The cantilevers are optimized for use in a resonating torque
Measuring voice quality for telephony is not a new problem. However, packet-switched, best-effort networks such as the Internet present significant new
Alpesh Bhobe, Christopher L. Holloway, Melinda Piket-May
Full wave finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) and a simplified 1D- finite-difference time-domain technique using the multi-conductor transmission line
Is the measurement of performance for intelligent systems different than that of non-intelligent systems? In this white paper, we explore the various dimensions
Lori S. Goldner, K D. Weston, W F. Heinz, Jeeseong Hwang, E S. DeJong, John P. Marino
The technology to rapidly manipulate and screen individual molecules lies at the frontier of measurement science and impacts emerging bio- and nano-technologies
Arthur H. Fanney, Brian P. Dougherty, Mark W. Davis
The photovoltaic industry is experiencing rapid growth. Industry analysts project that photovoltaic sales will increase from their current $1.5 billion level to
The widespread use of building integrated photovoltaics appears likely as a result of the continuing decline in photovoltaic manufacturing costs, the relative
Christopher J. Evans, R E. Parks, L Z. Shao, Tony L. Schmitz, Angela Davies
Conventional interferometric testing of the flatness of photomask blanks is rendered difficult by the long coherence length of the HeNe laser sources typically
Andras Vladar, Michael T. Postek, Nien F. Zhang, Robert D. Larrabee, Samuel N. Jones, Russell E. Hajdaj
Reference Material (RM 8091) is intended primarily for use in checking the sharpness performance of scanning electron microscopes. It is supplied as a small
Most would assume that the characterization of electronic display quality would be a straightforward process offering few complications. However, what the eye
Recently a new class of photocurable composites has been developed that utilize amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP) as the filler phase with photoactivated dental
The challenge in empirical development of information retrieval systems at TREC is obtaining general conclusions from IR system responses to a sample of perhaps
We have created a visual 3D anthropometric landmark glossary usable over the Web. Implemented using VRML, the Virtual Reality Modeling Language, users may
Novel hydroxylated dimethacrylates of various chemical structures were synthesized by reacting glycidyl methacrylate with an appropriate diacid to provide
We demonstrate the application of small angle neutron scattering (SANS) measurements for the quick, nondestructive, and quantitative measurement of the feature
The total luminous flux (lumen) is one of the most important characteristics of Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs), and is commonly measured using integrating sphere
NIST has a long-standing program for the calibration of extreme ultraviolet optical components. Begun with the advent of the Synchrotron Ultraviolet Radiation
Most applications of synchrotron radiation are not very sensitive to source intensity fluctuations. Fourier-transform spectroscopy, however, is very sensitive
New fluorescent lamp designs employ Hg-Ar discharges under operating conditions that differ significantly from those found in conventional fluorescent tubes. We
Traceable linewidth measurements of tiny features on photomasks and wafers present interesting challenges. Usually technical solutions exist for the problems
Richard M. Silver, Jay S. Jun, Edward A. Kornegay, R Morton
Accurate overlay measurements rely on robust, repeatable, and accurate feature position determination. In our effort to develop traceable we have examined a
Andras Vladar, Michael T. Postek, Nien F. Zhang, Robert D. Larrabee, Samuel N. Jones, Russell E. Hajdaj
All scanning electron microscope-based inspection instruments, whether they are in a laboratory or on the production line, slowly lose their performance and
John S. Villarrubia, Andras Vladar, J R. Lowney, Michael T. Postek
In a scanning electron microscope (SEM) top-down secondary electron image, areas within a few tens of nanometers of the line edges arc characteristically
The vacuum system of all scanning electron microscopes (SEMs), even in the so-called clean instruments, have certain hydrocarbon residues that the vacuum pumps
John A. Dagata, F S. Chien, S Gwo, K Morimoto, T Inoue, J Itoh, H Yokoyama
Carbon nanotube tips offer a significant improvement over standard scanned probe microscope (SPM) tips for electrical characterization of nanodevice structures
Ronald G. Dixson, Ndubuisi G. Orji, Joseph Fu, V W. Tsai, E. C. Williams, Theodore V. Vorburger, H Edwards, D Cook, P West, R Nyffenegger
Atomic force microscopes (AFMs) are used in the semiconductor industry for a variety of metrology purposes. Step height measurements at the nanometer level and
Traceable linewidth measurements of tiny features on photomasks and wafers present interesting challenges. Usually technical solutions exist for the problems
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