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Displaying 1 - 25 of 53

Circular Economy in a High-Tech World

October 18, 2022
Author(s)
Kelsea Schumacher, Martin L. Green
The proliferation of electronics, batteries, and solar panels in recent decades has resulted in a substantial generation of end-of-life (EoL) "high-tech" products. Currently, these products follow a largely linear – extract, make, use, dispose – model, but

Circular Economy in the High-Tech World Workshop Report

December 14, 2021
Author(s)
Martin L. Green, Kelsea Schumacher
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) held a Technical Workshop on January 27 and 28, 2021 to assess the state and challenges of a Circular Economy (CE) in the High-Tech World. Scientists, researchers, and program managers in the CE

Scientific AI in Materials Science: a Path to a Sustainable and Scalable Paradigm

July 14, 2020
Author(s)
Brian L. DeCost, Jason R. Hattrick-Simpers, Zachary T. Trautt, Aaron G. Kusne, Martin L. Green, Eva Campo
Recent years have seen an ever-increasing trend in the use of machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) methods by the materials science, condensed matter physics, and chemistry communities. This perspective article identifies key scientific

An Inter-Laboratory Comparative High Throughput Experimental Materials Study of Zn-Sn-Ti-O Thin Films

March 19, 2019
Author(s)
Jason R. Hattrick-Simpers, Zachary T. Trautt, Kamal Choudhary, Aaron G. Kusne, Feng Yi, Martin L. Green, Sara Barron, Andriy Zakutayev, Nam Nguyen, Caleb Phillips, John Perkins, Ichiro Takeuchi, Apurva Mehta
High throughput experimental (HTE) techniques are an increasingly important way to accelerate the rate of materials research and development for many possible applications. However, there are very few publications on the reproducibility of the HTE results

A Combinatorial Study of Metal Gate/HfO2-MOSCAPS

February 19, 2017
Author(s)
Martin L. Green, Kao-Shuo Chang, Ichiro Takeuchi, T Chikyow
Combinatorial methodology is a rapid technique for surveying new gate dielectrics and gate metal electrodes for the very complex advanced CMOS gate stack. Here, we report on a typical metal gate electrode alloy system, the Ni-Ti-Pt ternary. We have

Rapid Detection of Thin-Film Interfacial Reactions by MEMS-DSC

February 19, 2017
Author(s)
Lawrence P. Cook, Richard E. Cavicchi, Yanbao Zhang, Mark D. Vaudin, Christopher B. Montgomery, William F. Egelhoff Jr., Martin L. Green, Leslie Allen
A MEMS-based differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) has been used to characterize the Ni/Si interfacial reaction in thin films at ramp rates of 940 C/s and 3760 C/s. The DSC devices were fabricated using CMOS semiconductor processing technology, and were

An apparatus for spatially resolved, temperature dependent near infrared reflectance measurements for identifying thermochromic transitions in combinatorial thin film libraries

November 18, 2015
Author(s)
Sara C. Barron, Nam T. Nguyen, Nhan V. Nguyen, Martin L. Green, Mitul P. Patel
A metrology and data analysis protocol is described for high throughput construction of thermochromic metal-insulator phase diagrams for lightly substituted VO2 thin films. The technique exploits the abrupt change in near infrared optical properties

Seebeck Coefficient Metrology: Do Contemporary Protocols Measure Up?

January 29, 2015
Author(s)
Joshua B. Martin, Winnie K. Wong-Ng, Martin L. Green
Comparative measurements of the Seebeck coefficient are challenging due to the diversity of instrumentation and measurement protocols. With the implementation of standardized measurement protocols and the use of Standard Reference Materials (SRMs®), for

Interrogating the Carbon and Oxygen K-edge NEXAFS of a CO2-dosed Hyperbranched Aminosilica

December 19, 2014
Author(s)
Laura Espinal, Martin L. Green, Dean M. DeLongchamp, Watcharop Chaikittisilp, Jarod C. Horn, Miles Sakwa-Novak, Cherno Jaye, Daniel A. Fischer, Nicholas Brunelli, Christopher Jones
Near edge x-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy was used to study the adsorption of CO2 in a hyperbranched aminosilica (HAS) compound, a porous solid state material with great potential for carbon capture applications. After dosing a

High Throughput Screening Tools for Thermoelectric Materials

December 4, 2014
Author(s)
Winnie K. Wong-Ng, Yonggao Yan, Makoto Otani, Joshua B. Martin, Kevin R. Talley, Sara C. Barron, David L. Carroll, C Hewitt, Howard Joress, Evans L. Thomas, Martin L. Green, Xinfeng Tang
A suite of complementary high-throughput screening systems for combinatorial films was developed at NIST to facilitate the search for efficient thermoelectric materials. These custom-designed capabilities include a facility for combinatorial thin film

Measurement, Standards, and Data Needs for CO2 Capture Materials: A Critical Review

October 21, 2013
Author(s)
Laura Espinal, Dianne L. Poster, Winnie K. Wong-Ng, Andrew J. Allen, Martin L. Green
The commercial deployment of cost-effective carbon capture technology is hindered partially by the lack of a proper suite of materials-related standards, data, and measurement methods, which would provide critical information for the systematic design of

Crystal Structure of NaY Zeolite with Adsorbed CO2 by Neutron Powder Diffraction

January 29, 2013
Author(s)
Winnie K. Wong-Ng, James A. Kaduk, Qingzhen Huang, Laura Espinal, Martin L. Green
The crystal structure of dehydrated NaY zeolite (Na-FAU structure type) with and without adsorbed CO2 has been determined at room temperature (RT) and at 4 K using neutron powder diffraction techniques. The CO2-containing sample was prepared at -78 °C and

Bi2Te3 and Bi2Te3-xSx FOR THERMOELECTRIC APPLICATIONS

October 15, 2012
Author(s)
Winnie K. Wong-Ng, N D. Lowhorn, Joshua B. Martin, Peter Zavalij, Howard Joress, Qingzhen Huang, Yonggao Y. Yan, Azzam Mansour, Evans L. Thomas, Jihui Yang, Martin L. Green
The increased interest in research and development on thermoelectric materials is partly due to the need for improved efficiency in the global utilization of energy resources. Historically, Bi2Te3 occupies an important position in the thermoelectric

Development of a Seebeck Coefficient Standard Reference Material (SRM)

August 1, 2011
Author(s)
Nathan Lowhorn, Winnie Wong-Ng, John Lu, Joshua B. Martin, Martin L. Green, John E. Bonevich, Evan L. Thomas, Neil Dilley, Jeff Sharp
We have successfully developed a Seebeck coefficient Standard Reference Material (SRM™), Bi2Te3, that is essential for interlaboratory data comparison and for instrument calibration. Certification measurements were performed using a differential steady

APPLICATIONS OF HIGH-THROUGHPUT SCREENING TOOLS FOR THERMOELECTRIC MATERIALS

June 21, 2011
Author(s)
Winnie K. Wong-Ng, Howard L. Joress, Joshua B. Martin, Yonggao Y. Yan, Jihui Yang, Makoto Otani, Evan L. Thomas, Martin L. Green, Jason Hattrick-Simpers
The increased research and development on thermoelectric materials in recent years has been driven primarily by the need for improved efficiency in the global utilization of energy resources. To facilitate the search for new thermoelectric materials, we

MSEL Sustainability Seminar Series (2009)

May 15, 2011
Author(s)
Winnie K. Wong-Ng, Kathryn L. Beers, Richard E. Ricker, Martin L. Green
An MSEL Sustainability Seminar Series took place in 2009, aimed at the following goals: (1) to introduce this important subject matter to our staff and (2) to learn and discuss the metrology needs for materials for sustainability applications. Since

Correlation of Variations in Thermoelectric and Microstructural Properties of P-type CeFe4Sb12 Melt-Spun Ribbons Using a Rapid Screening Method

April 6, 2011
Author(s)
Yonggao Y. Yan, Winnie K. Wong-Ng, James A. Kaduk, Gangjian Tan, Wenjie Xie, Martin L. Green, Xinfeng Tang
We have demonstrated the effect of gradients in both phase composition and microstructure of p-type CeFe4Sb12 melt-spun (MS) ribbons on Seebeck coefficient by a thermoelectric (TE) screening tool, in conjunction with XRD and DSC measurements. The spatial
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