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Materials

Ceramics

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Displaying 1176 - 1200 of 1323

Flux Pinning of Bi 2 Sr 2 CaCu 2 O 8+g /Ag Superconductors Utilizing (Sr,Ca) 14 Cu 24 O 41 Defects and Nanophase Al 2 O 3 and Au Particles

June 1, 2000
Author(s)
T J. Haugan, Winnie K. Wong-Ng, Lawrence P. Cook, H J. Brown, L Swartzendruber, D T. Shaw
Investigations into flux pinning of Bi 2Sr 2 CaCu 2O 8+γ /Ag (Bi-2212/Ag) thick film conductors utilizing micron-sized (Sr,Ca) 14Cu 24O 41 and nanophase Al 2O 3 and Au particles are described. Addition of defect particles delayed and reduced formation of

In-Situ Observation of Small-Angle X-Ray Scattering by Dislocations

June 1, 2000
Author(s)
Lyle E. Levine, Gabrielle G. Long, R Thomson
Ultra-small-angle X-ray scattering by dislocations in single-crystal aluminum has been observed in situ as a function of plastic deformation. The scattering is observed to be strongly dependent upon sample orientation, with single dislocations, dislocation

Modeling of Stable and Unstable Polarization Switching

June 1, 2000
Author(s)
H Kessler, Lin-Sien H. Lum, H Balke
We examine the stability of polarization switching in polyscrystalline ferroelectric/ferroelastic materials subject to continuous electromechanical loading. In case of unstable switching, a finite change of remanent polarization or strain results from an

Multilevel Structure of Reinforcing Silica and Carbon

June 1, 2000
Author(s)
D W. Schaefer, T Rieker, M M. Agamalian, J S. Lin, Daniel A. Fischer, S Sukumaran, C I. Chen, G Beaucage, C Herd, J Ivie
We study the structure of colloidal silica and carbon on length scales from 0.25 -1 7 using x-ray, neutron and light scattering. These materials consist of primary particles of the order of 100 , aggregated into micrometer-sized aggregates that in turn are

Vapor Pressure of the SrPbO 3 Perovskite Phase

April 1, 2000
Author(s)
Lawrence P. Cook, Winnie K. Wong-Ng
The perovskite phase SrPbO 3 is important as a buffer and indicator of PbO chemical potential (at fixed p O2 ) according to the reaction: 2 SrPbO 3 --> Sr 2PbO 4 + PbO(g) + 1/2 O2 (g), where the term PbO(g) includes several Pb-containing gaseous species

Hydrogels Formed by Endlinking PEG to Dendrimer Crosslink Agents

March 1, 2000
Author(s)
B D. Viers, Barry J. Bauer, Y A. Akpalu, F Groehn, Da-Wei Liu, G Kim
Hydrogels were formed by endlinking telechelic vinyl sulfone end-functionalized poly(ethylene glycol) with the terminal amines on dendrimers of different generation. These structures are unique in that the dendrimer crosslink sites were very large, and

The Orientation of Semifluorinated Alkanes Attached to Polymers at the Surface of Polymer Films

March 1, 2000
Author(s)
Jan Genzer, E Sivaniah, E K. Kramer, J G. Wang, H Kerner, M Xiang, K Char, Christopher K. Ober, B M. DeKoven, Robert A. Bubeck, M K. Chaudhury, S Sambasivan, Daniel A. Fischer
The surface molecular orientation of a liquid crystalline (LC) layer made up a semi-fluorinated (SF) single side-groups [-CO-(CH 2) x-1-(CF 2) yF] (single SF groups) attached to polyisoprene homopolymer or the isoprene block of a styrene-isoprene diblock

Neutron Irradiation to Increase the C-Axis Compressive Strength of Sapphire at Elevated Temperature

February 29, 2000
Author(s)
T M. Regan, D C. Harris, D W. Blodgett, K C. Baldwin, J A. Miragliotta, M E. Thomas, M J. Linevsky, J W. Giles, R M. Stroud, T A. Kennedy, M Fatemi, David R. Black
Neutron irradiation of sapphire with 1 x 10 18 neutrons (≥ 1 MeV)/cm 2 increases the c-axis compressive strength by a factor of 3 at 600 C. The mechanism of strength enhancement is the retardation of r-plane twin propagation by radiation-induced defects

Subcritical Crack Growth: Mechanisms

February 28, 2000
Author(s)
Brian R. Lawn
A brief survey is given of mechanisms of subcritical crack growth in ceramics, for a solicited article in Encyclopedia of Materials: Science and Technology.

Ceramic Coatings Metrology Workshop Report

February 1, 2000
Author(s)
S J. Dapkunas
The Ceramic Coatings Metrology Workshop was held at NIST to identify the measurement needs of the various industries that manufacture and use ceramic coatings. The industrial perspectives were complemented by reviews of the scientific issues that require

Effect of Ag on the Primary Phase Field of High T c (Bi,Pb)-2223 Superconductor

February 1, 2000
Author(s)
Winnie K. Wong-Ng, Lawrence P. Cook, W Greenwood, Anthony J. Kearsley
The subsolidus equilibria and the primary phase field (crystallization field) of the 110K high T c (Bi,Pb)-2223 ([Bi,Pb]:Sr:Ca:Cu) superconductor in the presence of Ag have been determined under 7.5 volume % O 2 (92.5 % Ar). A total of 29 six-phase volumes

Hole State Density of La 1-x Sr x CoO^d3-D} (0less then or equal to}xless then or equal to}0.5) Across the Insulator/Metal Phase Boundary

February 1, 2000
Author(s)
A R. Moodenbaugh, B Nielson, S Sambasivan, Daniel A. Fischer, T Friessnegg, S Aggarwal, R Ramesh, B Pfeffer
The oxygen K near edge x-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) of polycrystalline and film La1-xSrxCoO3-d at room temperature was studied using fluorescence yield techniques. The bulk sensitive nature of fluorescence yield (relative to electron yield)

Lifetime-Limiting Strength Degradation From Contact Fatigue in Dental Ceramics

February 1, 2000
Author(s)
Yeon-Gil G. Jung, I M. Peterson, D H. Kim, Brian R. Lawn
Indentation damage and associated strength degradation from multi-cycle contacts with spherical indenters in water are evaluated in four dental ceramics, to examine the hypothesis that the lifetimes of dental restorations are limited by the accumulation of

Measuring Bimodal Crystallographic Texture in Ferroelectric PZT Thin Films

February 1, 2000
Author(s)
Mark D. Vaudin, G R. Fox
A powder x-ray diffraction method has been developed to measure the volume fraction of (111), (100), and randomly oriented PZT in 200 nm thick films used for FRAM applications. The integrated and peak intensities of 100, 110, 200 and 222 Bragg peaks from

New Calcium Tantalate Polytypes in the System Ca 2 Ta 2 O 7 - Sm 2 Ti 2 O 7

February 1, 2000
Author(s)
I E. Grey, Robert S. Roth
New calcium tantalate polytypes, with weberite related structures have been prepared by doping Ca 2Ta 2O 7 with Sm 2Ti 2O 7. Trigonal 6-layer (6T) and monoclinic 5-layer (5M) polytypes containing approximately equal to} 6 mol % and 10 mol % respectively of
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