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Bioscience

Biomaterials

Search Publications

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  • Published Date
Displaying 526 - 550 of 1729

Energy Absorption Measurements to Standardize Foam in Stab Testing

September 13, 2010
Author(s)
Aaron M. Forster, Diane Mauchant, Elizabeth Wailes, Amanda L. Forster, Michael A. Riley, Kirk D. Rice
Polymer foams serve an important role in the assessment and certification of stab resistant body armor for both US and UK standards. A composite of neoprene and polyethylene foam is used behind the armor during testing. The foam mimics stab dynamics by

Surface Wrinkling: a Versatile Platform for Measuring Thin Film Properties

September 2, 2010
Author(s)
Jun Y. Chung, Adam J. Nolte, Christopher M. Stafford
Surface instabilities in soft matter have captivated the scientific community for decades. Recently, surface wrinkling has received a great deal of attention due to its simplicity and well-established mechanics of formation. Particularly, the use of

PHOTOPOLYMERIZED DIMETHACRYLATE POLYMERS CONTAINING IN SITU GENERATED SILVER NANOPARTICLES

August 21, 2010
Author(s)
Yajun Cheng, Xinran Zhang, Diana N. Zeiger, Nancy Lin, Joseph M. Antonucci, Sheng Lin-Gibson
Polymeric nanocomposites containing silver are known to exhibit antibacterial activity. Here we demonstrate the synthesis and characterization of dimethacrylate/silver nanocomposites by coupling photopolymerization with in situ silver ion reduction. An

Thermodynamic Underpinnings of Cell Alignment on Controlled Topographies

August 17, 2010
Author(s)
Yifu Ding, Jirun Sun, Hyun W. Ro, Zhen Wang, Jing N. Zhou, Nancy J. Lin, Sheng Lin-Gibson, Marcus T. Cicerone, Christopher L. Soles
Cells sense and respond to the chemical, topographical, and mechanical features of their substrate and extracellular matrix. Shape and locomotive response to these features is termed contact guidance (CG) and is of vital importance in understanding many

In Vitro and in Vivo Characteristics of Fluorapatite-forming Calcium Phosphate Cements

August 1, 2010
Author(s)
Shozo Takagi, Stanislav A. Frukhtbeyn, Laurence C. Chow, Akiyoshi Sugawara, Kenji Fujikawa, Kidehiro Ogata, Makoto Hayashi, Bunnai Ogiso
This study reports for the first time in vitro and in vivo properties of fluorapatite (FA)-forming calcium phosphate cements (CPCs). The experimental cements contained from (0 to 3.3) mass % of F, corresponding to presence of FA at levels of approximately

Impact of molecular mass on the elastic modulus of polystyrene thin films

July 31, 2010
Author(s)
Jessica M. Torres, Christopher Stafford, Bryan D. Vogt
Euler wrinkling was used to determine the elastic modulus at ambient temperature of polystyrene (PS) films of varying thickness and relative molecular mass (Mn). A range of Mn from 1.2 kg/mol to 990 kg/mol was examined to determine if the molecular size

Forced Assembly and Mixing of Melts via Planar Polymer Micro-Mixing

June 24, 2010
Author(s)
Doyoung Moon, Kalman D. Migler
The ability to force immiscible polymers into specific, targeted structures would enable the generation of blends with tailored performance by exploiting the intimate relationship between structure and blend properties. Here we present a strategy for the

Challenges in Sustainable Polymeric Materials

May 19, 2010
Author(s)
Kathryn L. Beers, Christopher M. Stafford
While there are many societal and economic factors that contribute to a sustainable civilization, there are also real technical and scientific problems that must be solved to provide the materials necessary to make progress towards the goal of

Molecular Mass Distribution Measurement by Mass Spectrometry

May 19, 2010
Author(s)
William E. Wallace, Charles M. Guttman
This NIST Recommended Practice Guide presents a method using mass spectrometry to make a quantitative determination of the molecular mass distribution of narrow polydispersity synthetic molecular materials. The main obstacle for converting an oligomer

Reactive MALDI Mass Spectrometry of Saturated Hydrocarbons: A Theoretical Study

May 1, 2010
Author(s)
William E. Wallace, Lewandowski Hans, Meier J. Robert
Recently it has been shown that the cobaltocenium cation, prepared by the laser ablation of a CoCp(CO)2/fullerene matrix, may react with alkanes and polyethylenes in the gas phase via a dehydrogenation reaction to produce [Co(Cp)2(alkadiene)]+ ions without

An Octacalcium Phosphate Forming Cement

April 16, 2010
Author(s)
Milenko Markovic, Laurence C. Chow
The osteoconductive and possibly osteoinductive characteristics of OCP increased the interest in preparation of bone graft materials that contain OCP in its composition. Calcium phosphate cements (CPCs) were prepared using a mixture of α tricalcium

Near-Field Antenna as a Scanning Microwave Probe for Characterization of Materials and Devices

April 12, 2010
Author(s)
Atif A. Imtiaz, Thomas M. Wallis, SangHyun S. Lim, Jonathan Chisum, Zoya Popovic, Pavel Kabos
The Scanning Microwave Probe (SMP) is emerging as an important broadband metrology tool for characterizing the materials and devices in the micron and sub-micron length scales in the frequency range of 10 MHz to 110 GHz. In this document we establish three

Properties of Injectable Apatite-Forming Premixed Cements

April 10, 2010
Author(s)
Yasushi Shimada, Laurence Chow, Shozo Takagi, Junji Tagami
A previously reported, premixed calcium phosphate cements (CPC) forms hydroxyapatite (HA) as the only product, but had a setting time greater than 60 min. This study investigated properties of fast-hardening HA-forming premixed CPCs. All cements consisted

Adhesion research at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)

April 1, 2010
Author(s)
Christopher M. Stafford, Adam J. Nolte, Gale A. Holmes, Sheng Lin-Gibson, John A. Howarter
NIST s involvement in adhesion research has been wide ranging and is ultimately in response to interactions between individual project leaders and our industrial partners. In this way, NIST s participation in the Adhesion Society has been instrumental in

Novel Dimethacrylates with Quaternary Ammonium Functionalities for Reduced Bacteria Adhesion

April 1, 2010
Author(s)
Nancy Lin, Joseph M. Antonucci, Diana N. Zeiger, Kathy Tang, Bruce O. Fowler, Sheng Lin-Gibson
Biofilm growth and secondary caries have resulted in the failure of many dental composite restorations. One approach to address this issue is the modification of dental materials to reduce bacterial adhesion and biofilm growth. Quaternary ammonium salts

Wrinkling and Strain Softening in Single-Wall Carbon Nanotube Membranes

March 26, 2010
Author(s)
Erik K. Hobbie, Daneesh O. Simien, Jeffrey A. Fagan, JiYeon Huh, Jun Y. Chung, Steven D. Hudson, Jan Obrzut, Jack F. Douglas, Christopher M. Stafford
Ultrathin layers of single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) show considerable promise for applications ranging from fuel-cell membranes and biochemical sensors to bioactive films and transparent electrodes. The high conductivity and extreme anisotropy of

Harnessing Wrinkle Delamination Mechanics to Measure and Pattern Polymer Coatings

March 21, 2010
Author(s)
Adam J. Nolte, Jun Y. Chung, Christopher Stafford
Compressive stresses in stiff polymer coatings can give rise to surface instabilities in which the coating adopts a sinusoidally wrinkled morphology with a dominant wavelength, d, as displayed in Figure 1a. Such instabilities are generally observed for

Influence of molecular mass on the modulus of thin polystyrene films

March 21, 2010
Author(s)
Jessica M. Torres, Christopher Stafford, Bryan D. Vogt
In this work, we examine the influence of relative molecular mass (Mn, or the number average molecular mass) of PS on the thickness-dependent moduli using a wrinkling based instability of a stiff film on an elastic substrate. This wrinkling based metrology
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