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Material Measurement Laboratory

Projects/Programs

Displaying 501 - 525 of 580

Standards to Support Biological Detection in the Field

Ongoing
NIST is working in partnership with the Department of Homeland Security Science and Technology Directorate (DHS S&T) to develop methods, guidance, standards, and reference materials to support and improve our Nation's ability to detect and respond to suspected biothreat incidents. Specific...
First responders collecting samples of the yeast surrogate material during a field exercise. (Credit: NIST)

Standards to Support Biothreat Detection

Ongoing
Since 9/11 and the subsequent anthrax attacks in 2001, suspicious white powder incidents continue to occur within the US, often requiring Federal law enforcement response. Suspect samples are sent to public health laboratories for confirmatory evaluation, which can take hours to weeks to receive...

Statistical methods for MGI metrology

Ongoing
We focus on research and development of statistical methods to enable new measurement science and metrology relevant to MGI. In particular, we illustrate our methods for examples from near-field scanning probe microwave microscopy (NSSM) for characterization, development, and modeling of novel...
This figure shows a microscopic image of a field of cells, some of which are pseudocolored red to indicate that these cells remain pluripotent.

Stem Cell Metrology: WSDOM

Ongoing
Stem cells are critical starting materials for advanced therapies and diagnostic devices. The most commonly used are induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) which can be created with any individual’s skin cells, and then can be coaxed to become cells for any tissue of the body. Therapies and...
Steroid Hormone Pathway Mapping

Steroid Hormone Suite Analysis

Ongoing
Steroid hormones are signaling molecules that are major regulators of development, reproduction, stress, and growth. Steroids are synthesized from cholesterol through a series of enzymes, resulting in hormones with distinct biological activities. Although hormones are similar in structure, and...

Stochastic Network Growth Simulation for Photopolymerization

Ongoing
We have developed a computational method to simulate the complex interactions of the stochastic processes during polymerization. Specifically, the firing rates of these stochastic events are determined based on monomer information ( e.g. functionalities, rate constants, diffusivities, interaction...

Storage Stability of Freeze-Dried Proteins

Completed
Intended Impact Work in this project will enable industry to develop rational formulation approaches for freeze-drying, thus facilitating the manufacture safer, longer lasting biopharmaceuticals, with less time and resource cost required for stabilization. Biopharmaceuticals are the fastest growing...
Images depicting an advanced analysis of HR-EBSD data

Strain Measurement for Semiconductor Devices and Packages

Ongoing
Strain is a critical parameter that influences both electrical and mechanical failures of devices, however, measuring strain in complex 3D geometries and vanishingly small feature sizes remains a challenge for manufacturers. Data provided by strain measurements can be used to validate computational...
EBSD measurement on 63nm SiGe line

Strain Measurement for Semiconductor Devices

Ongoing
Mechanical strain is hugely important to semiconductor devices and packages while also being difficult to measure accurately. Strain is engineered into CMOS channels to improve carrier mobility for higher performance at lower power but is also intrinsically present from manufacturing processes where...

Strategy for extensible, evolving terminology for MGI efforts

Ongoing
Many Indo-European languages utilize a limited set of highly reused, non-synonymous, short semantically relevant words called roots that can be combined to facilitate the building of new compounded terms such as peanut butter and watch dog. This approach, which is more prominent in certain languages...

Stroboscopic TEM for Ultrafast Materials Science

Completed
Our people: June Lau co-invented the stroboscopic microscope and had been with this project since inception. She is a physicist, and the PI of this project. She received 2 non-provisional patents for the design of the microscope, and one provisional patent on a specimen holder for microwave delivery...

Structural Metrology of Advanced Manufacturing Processes

Ongoing
Understanding material structures in advanced manufacturing is crucial because it enables precise control over material properties, leading to improved performance, efficiency, and cost-effectiveness in production processes. However, this understanding poses many challenges, such as the...
testmachine_s

Structure-Property Links in Deformation of Materials

Ongoing
The fundamental physics of the deformation process in metals is controlled by crystal plasticity, a type of non-recoverable strain whose evolution depends on the deformation history of the material (as in all plastic processes), and the relative orientation of the applied load and the crystalline...

Structure-Property Relationships for High-Strength Materials

Ongoing
The body-armor community generally bases armor design on empirical models that do not directly relate molecular properties to performance. Aramid, aramid copolymers, and polyethylene fibers are highly oriented, anisotropic fibers that require specialized characterization techniques. In addition...

Study of Microheterogeneity in Solid Reference Materials

Ongoing
Presently there are a variety of analytical techniques that are served by few or no reference materials due to the small sample sizes they require. NIST currently certifies solid reference materials at or above the 100 mg mass level in most cases with no mention of the effect of using smaller sample...
subnanoscale electron microscopy figure

Sub-nanoscale electron microscopy of complex nanostructures

Ongoing
The properties of advance materials are becoming ever more reliant on the ability to manipulate their chemistry and structure at very fine length scales. For example, the relevant feature sizes in state-of-the-art transistors continue to decrease, even as the complexity of the architectures employed...

Surface Desorption Ambient Mass Spectrometry

Ongoing
The Surface and Trace Chemical Analysis Group maintains a range of research avenues into the characterization, analysis, and optimization of various commercial and in-house developed surface desorption ion sources. These research avenues also aim to advance our fundamental understanding of the...

Surrogate protein particle standards

Ongoing
Intended Impact This work will enable industry to obtain accurate, reproducible counts of protein particles, and to differentiate protein particles from other particle types, resulting in greater drug efficacy and safety. Objectives Create a polydisperse suspension of polymer particles that mimic...
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