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Displaying 2301 - 2325 of 2975

Material Needs and Measurement Challenges for Advanced Semiconductor Packaging: Understanding the Soft Side of Science

August 27, 2025
Author(s)
Ran Tao, Polette Centellas, Stian Romberg, Anthony Kotula, Gale Holmes, Amanda Forster, Christopher Soles, Bob Allen, Edvin Cetegen, William Chen, Jeff Gotro, Mark Poliks
This perspective builds upon insights from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)-organized workshop, "Materials and Metrology Needs for Advanced Semiconductor Packaging Strategies," held at the 35th annual Electronics Packaging

Neutron Vibrational Spectroscopic Study of the Acetonitrile:Acetylene (1:2) Cocrystal Relevant to Titan, Saturn's Moon

November 13, 2024
Author(s)
Morgan Kramer, Luke Daemen, Yongqiang Cheng, Rafael Balderas-Xicohtencatl, Anibal Ramirez-Cuesta, Craig Brown, Tomce Runcevski
Saturn's moon Titan features a surface composed of various organic solids with pronounced compositional and structural diversity. On top of the icy core, the surface experiences a temperature of ≈93 K and pressure of ≈1.45 atm. Under these conditions, most

On Comparing Interference Impacts

October 9, 2024
Author(s)
Aric Sanders, Michelle Pirrone, Keith Forsyth, Adam Wunderlich
Interference between communication systems is a critical issue that can impact performance and operability of devices. A wide range of methods and testbeds have been developed to study susceptibility to interference, and each of these testbeds and their

Cryogenic Sapphire Optical Reference Cavity with 1 x 10^-16 fractional instability

October 2, 2024
Author(s)
Jose Valencia, George Iskandr, Nicholas Nardelli, David Leibrandt, David Hume
The frequency stability of a laser locked to an optical reference cavity is fundamentally limited by thermal noise in the cavity length, caused by local thermal fluctuations of the strain and index of refraction of the cavity components. These fluctuations

Quality Control in the Mass Spectrometry Proteomics Core: a Practical Primer

September 11, 2024
Author(s)
Ben Neely, Yasset Perez-Riverol, Magnus Palmblad
The past decade has seen widespread advances in quality control (QC) materials and software tools focused specifically on mass spectrometry–based proteomics, yet the rate of adoption is inconsistent. Despite the fundamental importance of QC, it typically

Reproducible graphene synthesis by oxygen-free chemical vapour deposition

May 29, 2024
Author(s)
Jacob Amontree, Xingzhou Yan, Christopher DiMarco, Pierre Levesque, Tehseen Adel, Jordan Pack, Madisen Holbrook, Christian Cupo, Zhiying Wang, Dihao Sun, Adam Biacchi, Charlezetta Stokes, Kenji Watanabe, Takashi Taniguchi, Cory Dean, Angela R. Hight Walker, Katayun Barmak, Richard Martel, James Hone
The demonstration of large-scale graphene synthesis on Cu by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) has led to enormous interest worldwide over the past 14 years. The graphene CVD process involves flow of a carbon feedstock (typically methane) over a Cu surface

Solidification modes during additive manufacturing of steel revealed by high-speed X-ray diffraction

March 1, 2023
Author(s)
Hans-Henrik Konig, Niklas Hollander Pettersson, A Durga, Steven Van Petegem, Daniel Grolimund, Qilin Guo, Chihpin Chuang, lianyi Chen, Christos Oikonomou, Fan Zhang, Greta Lindwall
Solidification during fusion-based additive manufacturing (AM) is characterized by high solidification velocities and high thermal gradients, two factors that control the solidification mode of AM metals and alloys. Using two synchrotron-based, in situ

Improved interspecies optical clock comparisons through differential spectroscopy

November 28, 2022
Author(s)
May E. Kim, Will McGrew, Nicholas Nardelli, Ethan Clements, Youssef Hassan, Xiaogang Zhang, Jose Valencia, Holly Leopardi, David Hume, Tara Fortier, Andrew Ludlow, David Leibrandt
Comparisons of high-accuracy optical atomic clocks \citeLudlow2015} are essential for precision tests of fundamental physics \citeSafronova2018}, relativistic geodesy \citeMcGrew2018, Grotti2018, Delva2019}, and the anticipated redefinition of the SI

Liquid-Phase Speed of Sound and Vapor-Phase Density of Difluoromethane

September 23, 2022
Author(s)
Aaron Rowane, Elizabeth Rasmussen, Mark O. McLinden
Difluoromethane (HFC-32, DFM), with a global warming potential (GWP) of 677, is of interest as a pure refrigerant and as a component in low-GWP refrigerant mixtures. Additionally, difluoromethane has recently been identified as a safe, liquefied-gas

Heterosubstrate Illumination Effects in III-V Solar Cells

February 16, 2022
Author(s)
Brianna Conrad, Behrang Hamadani
Reference cell-based current versus voltage ( I–V ) measurements assume that the effect of an illumination spectrum on a solar cell's performance can be fully captured by the multiplication of the spectrum with the device's spectral response and subsequent

Graded Magnetic Materials

May 17, 2021
Author(s)
Lorenzo Fallarino, Brian Kirby, Eric E. Fullerton
Graded magnetic materials represent a promising new avenue in modern material science from both fundamental and application points of view. Over the course of the last few years, remarkable results have been obtained in (epitaxial) heterostructures based

New Practical Multivariate Signatures from a Nonlinear Modifier

April 1, 2021
Author(s)
Daniel Smith-Tone
Multivariate cryptography is dominated by schemes supporting various modifiers to patch certain algebraic weaknesses. Typically these modifiers are linear in nature--- either requiring an extra composition with an affine map, or being evaluated by a

Resolution of the paradox of the diamagnetic force on the Kibble coil

January 13, 2021
Author(s)
Stephan Schlamminger, Shisong Li, Rafael Marangoni, Darine El Haddad, Qing Wang, Wei Zhao
Employing very simple electro-mechanical principles known from classical physics, the Kibble balance establishes a very precise and absolute link between quantum electrical standards and macroscopic mass or force measurements. The success of the Kibble

Phase-coherent sensing of the center-of-mass motion of trapped-ion crystals

November 9, 2020
Author(s)
Matthew Affolter, Kevin Gilmore, Elena Jordan, John Bollinger
Measurements of the center-of-mass motion of a trapped-ion crystal that are phase- coherent with an external force are reported. These experiments are conducted far from the trap motional frequency on a two-dimensional trapped ion crystal of approximately

Plasmon Lasers

August 26, 2020
Author(s)
Wenqi Zhu, Shawn M. Divitt, Matthew S. Davis, Cheng Zhang, Ting Xu, Henri Lezec, Amit Agrawal
… as a promising candidate. In this article, we describe the fundamentals of surface plasmons, and the various embodiments …

Proteomics in non-model organisms: a new analytical frontier

August 9, 2020
Author(s)
Michelle Heck, Ben Neely
For the last century we have relied on model organisms to help understand fundamental biological processes. Now, with advancements in genome sequencing, assembly and annotation, non-model organisms may be studied with the same advanced bioanalytical

Sensitive neutron transverse polarization analysis using a 3He spin filter

July 7, 2020
Author(s)
Y.- Y. Jau, Wangchun Chen, Thomas R. Gentile, Daniel S. Hussey
We report an experimental implementation for neutron transverse polarization analysis that is able to detect a small angular change (10^-3 rad) of neutron spin orientation and works for both monochromatic and polychromatic neutron beams. Our approach
Displaying 2301 - 2325 of 2975
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