… negative charge on uracil O2 in the transition state by 20 kJ/mol (Drohat, A.C. et al. Biochemistry 1999, 38, … 3.4 units lower than for free uracil, corresponding to 20 kJ/mol of stabilization energy by the enzyme. Thus, … 0.1), solvent exchange rate and protection factor (kex = 7 s-1 and P.F. = 500), and change in 15N chemical shift upon …