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Physics

Optical physics and communications

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Displaying 476 - 500 of 855

Wide-Field InfraRed Survey Telescope (WFIRST) Slitless Spectrometer: Design, Prototype, and Results

June 26, 2016
Author(s)
Qian Gong, David Content, Margaret Z. Dominguez, Thomas Emmett, Ulf Griesmann, Jeffrey Kruk, Catherine Marx, Bert Pasquale, Thomas Wallace
The slitless spectrometer plays an important role in the WFIRST mission for the survey of emission-line galaxies. This will be an unprecedented very wide field, HST quality 3D survey of emission line galaxies1. The concept of the compound grism as a

Continuous-feed optical sorting of aerosol particles

June 15, 2016
Author(s)
John J. Curry, Zachary H. Levine
We consider the problem of sorting, by size, spherical particles of order 100 nm radius. The scheme we analyze consists of a heterogeneous stream of spherical particles flowing at an oblique angle across a Gaussian mode optical standing wave. Sorting is

XAFS Data Interchange: A single spectrum XAFS data file format

June 9, 2016
Author(s)
Bruce D. Ravel, M. Newville
We propose a standard data format for the interchange of XAFS data. The XAFS Data Interchange (XDI) standard is meant to encapsulate a single spectrum of XAFS along with relevant metadata. XDI is a text-based format with a simple syntax which clearly

Energetic Electrons Driven in the Polarization Direction of an Intense Laser Beam Incident Normal to a Solid Target

June 1, 2016
Author(s)
Lawrence T. Hudson, John F. Seely, Nino R. Pereira, H. Chen, G.J. Williams, R.P. Drake, C.C. Kuranz, C.A. Di Stefano, J. Park
Experiments were performed at the LLNL Titan laser to measure the propagation direction of the energetic electrons that were generated during the interaction of the polarized laser beam with solid targets in the case of normal incidence. The energetic

The New SURF Beamline 3

May 18, 2016
Author(s)
Robert E. Vest
A new beamline is being commissioned at the Synchrotron Ultraviolet Radiation Facility (SURF III) on the Gaithersburg, MD campus of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). SURF III is a 380-MeV synchrotron radiation source providing

Optical design and initial Results from NISTs AMMT/TEMPS Facility

May 9, 2016
Author(s)
Steven E. Grantham, Brandon M. Lane, Jorge E. Neira, Sergey Mekhontsev, Leonard M. Hanssen, Mihaela Vlasea
NIST’s Physical Measurement and Engineering Laboratories are jointly developing the Additive Manufacturing Measurement Testbed (AMMT)/ Temperature and Emittance of Melts, Powders and Solids (TEMPS) facilities. These facilities will be co-located on an open

Coherent cavity-enhanced dual-comb spectroscopy

May 4, 2016
Author(s)
Adam J. Fleisher, David A. Long, Zachary D. Reed, David F. Plusquellic, Joseph T. Hodges
Multiheterodyne spectroscopy performed with two stabilized optical frequency combs (OFCs) has shown great potential as a fast, accurate, and high-resolution substitute for existing interferometry methods that require lengthy integration times and precision

Dual-comb spectroscopy

April 14, 2016
Author(s)
Ian R. Coddington, Nathan R. Newbury, William C. Swann
Dual-comb spectroscopy is an emerging new spectroscopic tool that exploits the frequency resolution, frequency accuracy, broad bandwidth, and brightness of frequency combs for ultra-high resolution, sensitive broadband spectroscopy. By use of two coherent

Mid-infrared molecular spectroscopy in the quantum noise limit

March 31, 2016
Author(s)
David A. Long, Adam J. Fleisher, Qingnan Liu, Joseph T. Hodges
A cavity ring-down spectrometer was used to reach the quantum noise limit in the mid-infrared spectral region. Quantum noise was observed not only in the individual ring-down decay events but also in the corresponding ensemble statistics with a magnitude

Towards Establishing Compact Imaging Spectrometer Standards

March 31, 2016
Author(s)
David W. Allen, Elmer T. Slonecker, Ronald G. Resmini
Remote sensing science is currently undergoing a tremendous expansion in the area of hyperspectral imaging (HSI) technology. Spurred largely by the explosive growth of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV), sometimes called Unmanned Aircraft Systems (UAS), or

Optical Tracking of Nanoscale Particles in Microscale Environments

March 10, 2016
Author(s)
Pramod Mathai, James A. Liddle, Samuel M. Stavis
The trajectories of nanoscale particles through microscale environments record useful information about both the particles and the environments. Optical microscopes provide efficient access to this information through measurements of light in the far field

Multifocus microscopy with precise color multi-phase diffractive optics applied in functional neuronal imaging

March 1, 2016
Author(s)
Sara Abrahamsson, Robert Ilic, Jan Wisniewski, Brian Mehl, Liya Yu, Lei Chen, Marcelo I. Davanco, Laura Oudjedi, Jean Bernard Fiche, Bassam Hajj, Xin Jin, Joan Pulupa, Christine Cho, Mustafa Mir, Mohamed El Beheiry, Xavier Darzacq, Marcelo Nollmann, Maxime Dahan, Carl Wu, Timothee Lionnett, James Alexander Liddle, Cornelia Bargmann
Multifocus microscopy (MFM) allows high-resolution instantaneous three-dimensional (3D) imaging and has been applied to study biological specimens ranging from single molecules inside cell nuclei to entire embryos. In any live microscopy application

An Optomechanical Accelerometer with a High-Finesse Hemispherical Optical Cavity

February 22, 2016
Author(s)
Yiliang Bao, Felipe Guzman, Arvind Balijepalli, John Lawall, Jacob Taylor, Thomas W. LeBrun, Jason J. Gorman
A new design for an optomechanical accelerometer is presented. The design includes a hemispherical optical cavity that can achieve high finesse and a proof mass that is well-constrained by silicon nitride beams. Based on previous work and analysis, the

An Overview of Spectral Imaging of Human Skin toward Face Recognition

February 13, 2016
Author(s)
David W. Allen
Spectral imaging is a form of remote sensing that provides a means of collecting information from surroundings without physical contact. Differences in spectral reflectance over the electromagnetic spectrum allow for the detection, classification, or

High-contrast and fast electrochromic switching enabled by plasmonics

January 27, 2016
Author(s)
Ting Xu, Erich C. Walter, Amit Agrawal, Christopher C. Bohn, Jeyavel Velmurugan, Wenqi Zhu, Henri Lezec, Albert A. Talin
With vibrant colours and simple, room-temperature processing methods, electrochromic polymers have attracted attention as active materials for flexible, low-power-consuming devices. However, slow switching speeds in devices realized to date, as well as the

Morphological origins of polarization-induced scattering anisotropy from organic thin films

January 14, 2016
Author(s)
Eliot Gann, Brian A. Collins, Maolong Tang, John R. Tumbleston, Subhrangsu Mukherjee, Harald W. Ade
Anisotropic scattering patterns have been observed from organic thin films that are isotropic on the scale of the probe in polarized resonant X-ray scattering experiments. The symmetry is broken by local correlations between molecular orientation and

Monolithic device for modelocking and stabilization of a frequency comb

December 15, 2015
Author(s)
Kevin L. Silverman, Richard P. Mirin, Ari D. Feldman, Todd E. Harvey, Thomas Schibli, Chien-Chung Lee, Yosuke Hayashi
We demonstrate a device that integrates a III-V semiconductor saturable absorber mirror with a graphene electro-optic modulator, which provides a monolithic solution to modelocking and noise suppression in a frequency comb. The device offers a pure loss
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