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Chemistry

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Displaying 451 - 475 of 1924

HOW OLD IS IT? - 241PU/AMNUCLEAR FORENSIC CHRONOLOGY REFERENCE MATERIALS

October 27, 2015
Author(s)
Ryan P. Fitzgerald, Kenneth G. Inn
One material attribute for nuclear forensics is material age. 241Pu is almost always present in uranium- and plutonium-based nuclear weapons, which pose the greatest threat to our security. The in-growth of 241Am due to the decay of 241Pu provides an

Quantifying Trace 2,4,6-Trinitrotoluene (TNT) in Polymer Microspheres

October 16, 2015
Author(s)
Timothy M. Brewer, Robert A. Fletcher, Matthew E. Staymates
Well characterized test materials are essential for validating the performance of current trace explosive detection systems. Explosive encapsulated microspheres have proven to be a valuable test material for trace explosive detection because their precise

CCQM Pilot Study P-140; Quantitative Surface Analysis of Multi-Element Alloy Films

October 1, 2015
Author(s)
David S. Simons, Christopher W. Szakal, William A. Osborn, Kyung Joong Kim
A pilot study for the quantitative surface analysis of multi-element alloy films has been performed by the Surface Analysis Working Group (SAWG) of the Consultative Committee for Amount of Substance (CCQM). The aim of this pilot study is to ensure the

Standardizing 25-Hydroxyvitamin D values from the Canadian Health Measures Survey

September 30, 2015
Author(s)
Kurtis Sarafin, Ramon Durazo-Arvizu, Lu Tian, Karen W. Phinney, Susan Tai, Johanna Camara, Hubert W. Vesper, Joyce M. Merkel, Evan Green, Christopher T. Sempos, Stephen P. Brooks
Background: The Canadian Health Measures survey (CHMS) is an ongoing cross sectional national survey that includes a measure of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) by Diasorin LIAISON immunoassay. The survey repeats approximately every two years with a new

Retention projection enables accurate calculation of liquid chromatographic retention times across labs and methods

September 3, 2015
Author(s)
Yamil Simon, Daniel Abate-Pella, Dana M. Freund, Yan Ma, Adrian Hegeman, Yan Ma, Tobias Kind, O Fiehn, Birgit Beck, Emma L. Schymanski, Corey D. Broeckling, David V. Huhman, Lloyd W. Summer, Oleg V. Krokhin, Dwight R. Stoll
Identification of small molecules by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) could be greatly improved if the chromatographic retention information could be used along with mass spectral information to narrow down the lists of potential identities

Role of Elastic Strain on Electrocatalysis of Oxygen Reduction Reaction on Pt

July 23, 2015
Author(s)
Gery R. Stafford, Vijay Sethuraman, Deepa Vairavapandian, Manon C. Lafouresse, Tuhina Maark, Naba Karan, Shouheng Sun, Ugo Bertocci, Andrew Peterson, Pradeep Guduru
The effect of elastic strain on catalytic activity of platinum (Pt) towards oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is investigated through de-alloyed Pt-Cu thin films; stress evolution in the de-alloyed layer and the mass of the Cu removed are measured in real

Chlorine - Bromine Combination Isotope Intensities

June 9, 2015
Author(s)
Thomas J. Bruno
Due to the distinctive mass spectral patterns caused by the presence of chlorine and bromine in a molecule, interpretation of a mass spectrum can be much easier if the results of the relative isotopic concentrations are known. The following table provides

Gas Chromatographic Retention Indices

June 9, 2015
Author(s)
Thomas J. Bruno
The interpretation of results from chromatographic measurements can often be augmented with an appropriate mathematical treatment of the solute retention that is observed. The goal of treatment is to make the resulting metric as independent of the

Instability of HPLC Solvents

June 9, 2015
Author(s)
Thomas J. Bruno
Solvents that are commonly used in high performance liquid chromatography frequently have inherent chemical instabilities that must be considered when designing an analysis, or in the interpretation of results [1-4] . In many cases, such solvents are

Relative Dose Ranges From Ionizing Radiation

June 9, 2015
Author(s)
Thomas J. Bruno
It is important to place in perspective the relative ionizing radiation dose acquired in common laboratory settings. The most commonly encountered source is a 63Ni source used in gas chromatographic electron captures detectors and in ion mobility

Elemental characterization of Single-Wall Carbon Nanotube (SWCNT-1) reference material by neutron and prompt gamma activation analysis

April 7, 2015
Author(s)
Rick L. Paul, Rabia Oflaz, Jan Kucera, J W Bennett, E. A. De Nadai Fernandes, M. Kubesova, M. A. Bacchi, A. J. Stopic, R. E. Sturgeon, P. Grinberg
Instrumental neutron activation analysis with both relative and k0 standardization was used in four experienced laboratories to determine element mass fractions in single-wall carbon nanotube certified reference material (CRM) SWCNT-1. Results obtained

Methodological Challenges in Including Green Tea Dietary Supplements to Analytically Verified Databases.

April 1, 2015
Author(s)
Catherine Rimmer, Leila Saldanha, Johanna Dwyer, Karen Andrews, Regan Bailey, Joseph Betz, Vicki Burt, Rebecca Costello, Nancy Emenaker, Jaime Gahche, J. Harnly, Constance Hardy, Pamela R. Pehrsson
Dietary supplement databases are needed to calculate total dietary intakes from foods and supplements. Analytically verified databases are necessary for commonly consumed products as estimates of intakes are used in guiding public policy decisions. The

NGD Cold Neutron Prompt Gamma-ray Activation Analysis Spectrometer at NIST

April 1, 2015
Author(s)
Rick L. Paul, Dagistan NMN Sahin, Jeremy C. Cook, Christoph W. Brocker, Richard M. Lindstrom, Donna J. O'Kelly
A new instrument for cold neutron prompt gamma-ray activation analysis (CNPGAA) has been designed and constructed as part of the recent expansion of the cold neutron guide hall at the NIST Center for Neutron Research (NCNR). Located on neutron guide NGD

Reference correlations for the viscosity and thermal conductivity of fluids over extended range of conditions: n-hexane in the vapor, liquid, and supercritical regions

March 11, 2015
Author(s)
Richard A. Perkins, Marcia L. Huber, Marc J. Assael, Efthimia K. Mihailidou, Sofia K. Mylona, Evita J. Sykioti
This article summarizes the correlation procedures developed for IUPAC Project 2012-040-1-100 (Reference correlations for the thermal conductivity and viscosity of fluids over extended range of conditions (vapor, liquid and supercritical region)). This
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