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Chemistry

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  • Published Date
Displaying 476 - 500 of 1916

Photochemical Properties of Hydrofluoroethers CH3OCHF2, CH3OCF3, and CHF2OCH2CF3: Reactivity toward OH, IR Absorption Cross Sections, Atmospheric Lifetimes and Global Warming Potentials

September 22, 2014
Author(s)
Vladimir L. Orkin, Victor Khamaganov, A G. Guschin
Rate constants for the gas phase reactions of OH radicals with three partially fluorinated ethers, CH3OCF3 (kHFE-143a), CH3OCHF2 (kHFE-152a), and CHF2OCH2CF3 (kHFE-245fa), were measured using a discharge flow – electron paramagnetic resonance technique

Degrees of Equivalence for Chemical Measurement Capabilities: Primary pH

September 10, 2014
Author(s)
David L. Duewer, Kenneth W. Pratt, Chainarong Cherdchu, Nongluck Tangpaisarnkul2 Nongluck Tangpaisarnkul2, Akiharu Hioki, Masaki Ohata, Petra Spitzer, Michal M?ri?ssy, Leo? Vysko?il
The Key Comparison (KC) studies of the Consultative Committee for Amount of Substance – Metrology in Chemistry (CCQM) help ensure the reliability of chemical and biochemical measurements relevant to international trade and environmental , health , and

Membrane protein resistance of oligo(ethylene oxide) self-assembled monolayers

July 31, 2014
Author(s)
David J. Vanderah, Marlon L. Walker, David T. Gallagher, Ryan Vierling, Fay Crawshaw
Spectroscopic ellipsometry was used to evaluate the resistance to protein adsorption (RPA) of self- assembled monolayers (SAMs) of HS(CH2)3O(CH2CH2O)6M and [HS(CH2)3CH]2O-(CH2CH2O)6M, where M = CH3 or H, on Au. The SAMs were exposed to fibrinogen, a

Metrology for comparison of displacements at the picometer level

July 31, 2014
Author(s)
Jack A. Stone Jr., Patrick F. Egan, Jay H. Hendricks, Gregory F. Strouse, Douglas A. Olson, Jacob E. Ricker, Gregory E. Scace, Donavon Gerty
An apparatus capable of comparing displacements with picometer accuracy is currently being designed at NIST. In principle, we wish to compare one displacement in vacuum to a second, equal displacement in gas, in order to determine gas refractive index. If

Transport Properties of Fluids near Critical Points

June 5, 2014
Author(s)
Jan V. Sengers, Richard A. Perkins
This chapter reviews the currently available information concerning the behavior of transport properties near the vapor-liquid critical point of fluids and fluid mixtures. Special attention is devoted to the behavior of the thermal conductivity which

Chemical Fume Hoods and Biological Safety Cabinets

June 4, 2014
Author(s)
Thomas J. Bruno
Engineered safety equipment is preferred over the reliance on personal protective equipment, and the fume hood is one such engineered safety device that is nearly ubiquitous in laboratories. Laboratories concerned with biological specimens (microbes

Common Symbols Used in Gas and Liquid Chromatographic Schematic Diagrams

June 4, 2014
Author(s)
Thomas J. Bruno
The literature of gas and liquid chromatography frequently contains schematic diagrams that depict analytical apparatus and peripherals. The interpretation of such diagrams can be facilitated by the following graphics that show the most common symbols used

Figures of Merit

June 4, 2014
Author(s)
Thomas J. Bruno
In the interpretation of results from a particular technique, one often must evaluate the performance of the measurement on the basis of objective measures that are called figures of merit. The following table provides a description of the more common

Varieties of Hyphenated Gas Chromatography with Mass Spectrometry

June 4, 2014
Author(s)
Thomas J. Bruno
Because of the very powerful and common application of mass spectrometry with gas chromatography, the various technologies warrant more detailed consideration.[1-4] The following table provides basic information on the capabilities and applicability of the

Comparison of the Properties of Cellulose Nanocrystals and Cellulose Nanofibrils Isolated From Bacteria, Tunicate, and Wood Processed Using Acid, Enzymatic, Mechanical, and Oxidative Methods

April 18, 2014
Author(s)
Iulia A. Sacui, Jeffrey W. Gilman, Ryan C. Nieuwendaal, Stephan J. Stranick, Henryk Szmacinski, Mehdi Jorfi, Christopher Weder, Johan Foster, Richard Olsson, Daniel Burnett
This work describes the study and characterization of native cellulose nanocrystals and nanofibrils (CNCs, CNFs), whose crystallinity, morphology, aspect ratio, and surface chemistry depend on the raw material source and hydrolysis conditions. Measurement

Preparation of nanocomposite plasmonic films made from cellulose nanocrystals or mesoporous silica decorated with unidirectionally aligned gold nanorods

April 11, 2014
Author(s)
Michael Campbell, Qingkun Liu, Aric Sanders, Julian Evans, Ivan I. Smalyukh
Using liquid crystalline self-assembly of cellulose nanocrystals, we achieve long-range alignment of anisotropic metal nanoparticles in colloidal nanocrystal dispersions that are then used to deposit thin structured films with ordering features highly

Recent advances in vacuum sciences and applications

April 9, 2014
Author(s)
Miran Mozetic, Kostya Ostrikov, David Ruzic, Davide Curreli, Uros Cvelbar, Alenka Vesel, Gregor Primc, Manfred Leisch, Karl Jousten, Oleg Malyshev, Jay H. Hendricks, laszlo Kover, Alberto Tagliaferro, O Conde, Antonio Silvestre, J Giapintzakis, M Buljan, N Radi?, G Dra?i?, S Bernstorff, H Biederman, O Kyli?n, J Hanu?, S Milo?evi?, A Galtayries, P Dietrich, W Unger, K Stana-Kleinschek, A Drmota?Petri?, Jean-Jacques Pireaux, J W. Rogers, M Anderle, M Lehocky, V Sedlarik
Recent advances in vacuum sciences and applications are reviewed. Novel optical interferometer cavity devices enable pressure measurements with ppm accuracy. Innovative dynamic vacuum standard allows for pressure measurements with temporal resolution of 2

Comparison of independently calculated ab-initio normal-mode displacements for the three C-H stretching vibrations of methanol along the internal rotation path

March 19, 2014
Author(s)
Li-Hong Xu, Ronald M. Lees, Jon T. Hougen, Joel M. Bowman, Xinchuan Huang, Stuart Carter
Comparison of graphical displays of normal-mode coefficients from recent quantum chemical projected-frequency calculations with analogous displays constructed after reexamination of results from more extensive higher-level calculations described earlier in

Certification of Total Arsenic in Blood and Urine Standard Reference Materials by Radiochemical Neutron Activation Analysis and Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry

March 1, 2014
Author(s)
Rick L. Paul, William C. Davis, Karen E. Murphy, Colleen E. Bryan Sallee, Lee L. Yu, William F. Guthrie, Dennis D. Leber, Thomas W. Vetter
A newly developed procedure for determination of arsenic by radiochemical neutron activation analysis was used to measure arsenic in SRM 955c Toxic Elements in Caprine Blood and SRM 2668 Toxic Elements in Frozen Human Urine for the purpose of providing

Filter Material Effects on Particle Absorption Characteristics

February 10, 2014
Author(s)
Cary Presser, Joseph M. Conny, Ashot Nazarian
The absorption coefficient and mass specific absorption cross section were determined for nigrosin-laden quartz, Teflon, and polycarbonate filters in inert surroundings at different steady-state temperatures and particle mass loadings. The objective was to
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