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Bioscience

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Displaying 801 - 825 of 1242

Lambda exonuclease digestion of CGG trinucleotide repeats

June 7, 2009
Author(s)
Richard Conroy, Alan Koretsky, John M. Moreland
Fragile X syndrome and other trinucleotide diseases are characterized by an elongation of a repeating DNA triplet. The ensemble-averaged lambda exonuclease digestion rate of diVerent substrates, including one with an elongated FMR1 gene containing 120 CGG

Plant and fungal Fpg homologs are formamidopyrimidine DNA glycosylases but not 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylases

May 1, 2009
Author(s)
Scott D. Kathe, Ramiro Barrantes-Reynolds, Pawel Jaruga, Michael Newton, Cynthia Burrows, Viswanath Bandaru, Miral M. Dizdar, Jeffrey Bond, Susan Wallace
Formamidopyrimidine DNA glycosylase (Fpg) and endonuclease VIII (Nei) share an overall common three dimensional structure and primary amino acid sequence in conserved structural motifs but have different substrate specificities, with bacterial Fpg proteins

T7-Based Linear Amplification of Low Concentration mRNA Samples using Beads and Microfluidics for Global Gene Expression Measurements

April 7, 2009
Author(s)
Jason G. Kralj, Audrey Player, Hope Sedrick, Matt S. Munson, David Petersen, Samuel P. Forry, Paul Meltzer, Ernest Kawasaki, Laurie E. Locascio
We show single-cell level linear amplification of gene expression libraries immobilized on a microfluidic packed bed. This is a critical step in the Eberwine process, which is used to amplify messenger RNA (mRNA) for gene expression profiling. Microarray

Polymerization Stress Development in Dental Composites: Effect of Cavity Design Factor

March 13, 2009
Author(s)
Joseph M. Antonucci, Anthony A. Giuseppetti, Justin N. O'Donnell, Gary E. Schumacher, Drago Skrtic
Objective: To assess the effect of the cavity design factor (C-factor) on polymerization stress development (PSD) in resin composites. Methods: An experimental resin (BT resin) was prepared, which contained 2,2-bis[p-(2 hydroxy-3 -methacryloxypropoxy

Cell volume distributions reveal cell growth rates and division times

March 7, 2009
Author(s)
Michael W. Halter, John T. Elliott, Joseph B. Hubbard, Alessandro Tona, Anne L. Plant
A population of cells in culture displays a range of phenotypic responses, even when those cells are derived from a single cell and are exposed to a homogeneous environment. Phenotypic variability can have a number of sources, including the variable rates

Surface plasmon resonance imaging of cells and surface-associated fibronectin

February 26, 2009
Author(s)
Alexander W. Peterson, Michael W. Halter, Alessandro Tona, Kiran Bhadriraju, Anne L. Plant
Background A critical challenge in cell biology is quantifying the interactions of cells with their extracellular matrix (ECM) environment and the active remodeling by cells of their ECM. Fluorescence microscopy is a commonly employed technique for

ATP hydrolysis and DNA binding confer thermostability on the MCM helicase

February 25, 2009
Author(s)
Nozomi Sakakibara, Frederick P. Schwarz, Zvi Kelman
Minichromosome maintenance (MCM) helicase is the replicative helicase in archaea. The enzyme utilizes the energy derived from ATP hydrolysis to translocate along one strand of the DNA and unwind the complementary strand. Here, the effect of ATP and DNA on

Comparison of national air kerma standards for ISO 4037 narrow spectrum series in the range 30 kV to 300 kV.

February 1, 2009
Author(s)
C M. O'Brien, L. Buermann, P. Butler, I. Csete, F. Gabris, A. Hakanen, J. -. Lee, M. Palmer, N. Saito, W. deViries
For the first time results are presented of an indirect comparison of ten national standards for air kerma for ten radiation qualities of the ISO 4037 narrow spectrum series in the range of 30 kV to 300 kV. Nine of the ten participants maintain primary air

Equilibrium Electrostatics of Responsive Polyelectrolyte Monolayers

January 14, 2009
Author(s)
Rebecca A. Zangmeister, Rastislav Levicky, Kang Wang
The physical behavior of polyelectrolytes at solid-liquid interfaces presents challenges both in measurement and in interpretation. An informative, yet often overlooked, property that characterizes the equilibrium organization of these systems is their

A vacuum manifold for rapid world-to-chip connectivity of complex PDMS microdevices

January 1, 2009
Author(s)
Gregory A. Cooksey, Anne L. Plant, Francisco J. Atencia
The lack of simple interfaces for microfluidic devices with a large number of inlets significantly limits production and utilization of these devices. In this paper, we describe the fabrication of a reusable manifold that provides rapid world-to-chip

Robotic Patient Lift and Transfer

December 31, 2008
Author(s)
Roger V. Bostelman, James S. Albus
This book chapter provides background on wheelchairs, patient lift devices and the combination of mobile patient lift and transfer devices and research. The NIST Home Lift, Position and Rehabilitation (HLPR) Chair is detailed explaining the system, its use

The Role for Engineers in Health Care Information Systems

December 30, 2008
Author(s)
Ram D. Sriram, Steven J. Fenves
Health care informatics deals with all the processes or "software" of the health care enterprise: modeling, design, simulation and implementation of health care information systems, support and control of manufacturing and its associated supply chains, and

Measurement of formamidopyrimidines in DNA

December 15, 2008
Author(s)
Pawel Jaruga, Guldal Kirkali, Miral M. Dizdar
Formamidopyrimidines, 4,6-diamino-5-formamidopyrimidine (FapyAde) and 2,6-diamino-4-hydroxy-5-formamidopyrimidine (FapyGua), are among major lesions in DNA generated by hydroxyl radical attack, UV radiation or photosensitization in vitro and in vivo

Demonstration of Rapid Multiplex PCR Amplification Involving 16 Genetic Loci

December 1, 2008
Author(s)
Peter Vallone, Carolyn R. Steffen, John M. Butler
Current forensic DNA typing is conducted in approximately eight to ten hours with steps including DNA extraction, quantitation, polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of multiple short tandem repeat (STR) loci, capillary electrophoresis separation

Addressing Y-Chromosome Short Tandem Repeat(Y-STR) Allele Nomenclature

November 25, 2008
Author(s)
John M. Butler, Margaret C. Kline, Amy E. Decker
Currently 120 different Y-chromosome short tandem repeat (Y-STR) markers are used by various genetic genealogy testing laboratories. In some cases, different laboratories may designate the same Y-STR allele with two different nomenclatures making data
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