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Bioscience

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Displaying 726 - 750 of 1261

Controlled transport of superparamagnetic beads with spin-valves

October 7, 2011
Author(s)
Wendy R. Altman, John M. Moreland, Stephen E. Russek, Bruce W. Han, Victor M. Bright
Trapping, release, and transport of individual or ensembles of 2.8 υm superparamagnetic beads functionalized with streptavidin were demonstrated using an addressable and non-volatile array of spin-valve (SV) traps integrated into a microfluidic channel

Segmentation and Cell Tracking of Breast Cancer Cells

September 26, 2011
Author(s)
Adele P. Peskin, Daniel J. Hoeppner, Christina H. Stuelten
We describe a new technique to segment and track the cell images of a breast cancer cell line in order to study cell migration and metastasis. Within each image cell phenotypes vary widely, ranging from very bright completely bounded cells to barely

Synthetic spike-in standards for RNA-seq experiments

August 31, 2011
Author(s)
Marc L. Salit, Lichun Jiang, Felix Schlesinger, Brian Oliver, Carrie Davis, Yu Zhang, Renhua Li, Thomas R. Gingeras
High-throughput sequencing of cDNA (RNA-seq) is a widely deployed transcriptome profiling and annotation technique, but questions about the performance of different protocols and platforms remain. We used a newly developed pool of 96 synthetic RNAs with

Hyperspectral Imaging and Analysis of Single Erythrocytes

August 12, 2011
Author(s)
Ji Y. Lee, Matthew L. Clarke, Fuyuki Tokumasu, John F. Lesoine, David W. Allen, Robert C. Chang, Maritoni A. Litorja, Jeeseong Hwang
We report a hyperspectral imaging and analysis technique to resolve unique physico-chemical characteristics of subcellular substances in single erythrocytes. We constructed a microscope system installed with a spectral light engine capable of controlling

Cell Adhesion to Borate Glasses by Colloidal Probe Microscopy

August 1, 2011
Author(s)
Sheldon M. Wiederhorn, Carl G. Simon Jr., Young-Hun Chae
The adhesion of Osteoblast-like cells to silicate and borate glasses was measured using colloidal probe microscopy in a cell growth medium. The probe consisted of silicate and borate glass spheres, 25 µm to 50 µm in diameter, attached to the tip of an

Stable isotope-labeling of DNA repair proteins, and their purification and characterization

July 1, 2011
Author(s)
M Miral Dizdar, Pawel Jaruga, Prasad T. Reddy, Bryant C. Nelson, Mark S. Lowenthal
Reduced DNA repair capacity is associated with increased risk for a variety of disease processes including carcinogenesis. Thus, DNA repair proteins have the potential to be used as important predictive, prognostic and therapeutic biomarkers in cancer and

Negative Regulation of STAT3-mediated Cellular Respiration by SirT1

June 7, 2011
Author(s)
Lili Wang, Hua-Jun He, Michel Bernier, Rajib K. Paul, Alejandro Martin-Montalvo, Morten Scheibye-Knudsen, Shaoming Song, Sean M. Armour, Vilhelm A. Bohr, Yaping Zong, David A. Sinclair, Rafael de Cabo
In mammals, the transcriptional activity of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) is regulated by the deacetylase SirT1. However, whether the newly described non-genomic actions of STAT3 toward mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation

Physicochemical characterization and in vitro hemolysis evaluation of silver nanoparticles

June 7, 2011
Author(s)
Vytautas Reipa, Jonghoon Choi, Nam S. Wang, Victoria M. Hitchins, Peter L. Goering, Robert Malinauskas
In anticipation of the increased use of various forms of silver as an antimicrobial agent in medical devices, the objective of this study was to evaluate the in vitro hemolytic potential of silver nanoparticles in dilute human blood, and to relate particle

Mechanics behind 4-D interferometric measurement of biofilm mediated tooth decay

May 16, 2011
Author(s)
Michael S. Waters, Bin (. Yang, Nancy J. Lin, Sheng Lin-Gibson
Evaluating the efficacy of dental materials to protect human teeth requires the capacity to measure tooth accurately and precisely decay. Current practices for determining tooth decay are destructive, qualitative to lowly quantitative, and/or measure bulk

Tumor volume measurement errors RECIST studied with realistic tumor models

May 16, 2011
Author(s)
Benjamin R. Galloway, Adele Peskin, Zachary H. Levine
RECIST (Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors) is a linear measure intended to predict tumor volume in medical computed tomography (CT). In this work, using purely geometrical considerations, we estimate how well RECIST can predict the volume of

Combinatorial Screening of Hydrogel Scaffolds for 3D Cell Culture

May 2, 2011
Author(s)
Kaushik Chatterjee, Marian F. Young, Carl Simon Jr.
Optimizing cell-material interactions is critical towards maximizing regeneration in tissue engineering. Combinatorial and high-throughput (CHT) methods can be used to systematically screen tissue scaffolds to identify optimal biomaterial properties

NIST Reference Material Scaffolds Characterized for Cell Response

April 24, 2011
Author(s)
Carl G. Simon Jr., Jeff M. Coles
Reference scaffolds characterized for cell response are being developed for use as a standard for biological characterization of new scaffolds. The need for reference scaffolds to serve as a calibration standard between labs has been identified as critical

Development of Probe Free Mapping of Cell Viability in Hydrogels

April 16, 2011
Author(s)
Joy P. Dunkers, Kaushik Chatterjee, Carl G. Simon Jr.
Diffusion of oxygen in cell/scaffold construct interior is of critical importance to cell viability in constructs of clinically relevant sizes. It has been shown that depletion of oxygen within the scaffold leads to a decrease in cell density and viability

Differences in Polydimethylsiloxane Modification Methods Affect Laminin Deposition and Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation

April 13, 2011
Author(s)
Joy P. Dunkers, Hae-Jeong Lee, Marvi Matos, Lisa Pakstis, Juan M. Taboas, Steven D. Hudson, Marcus T. Cicerone
When culturing cells on flexible surfaces, it is important to consider extracellular matrix treatments that will remain on the surface under mechanical strain. Here we investigate differences in laminin surfaces that were deposited on oxidized PDMS (plasma
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