Conferences

High-Resolution Local Current Measurement of CdTe Solar Cells

October 4, 2012

Author(s)

Heayoung Yoon, Dmitry A. Ruzmetov, Paul M. Haney, Marina S. Leite, Behrang H. Hamadani, Albert A. Talin, Nikolai B. Zhitenev

We investigate local electronic properties of CdTe solar cells using electron beam to excite electron-hole pairs and evaluate spatially resolved photocurrent...

Toward a Probe-Based Method for Determining Exfoliation Energies of Lamellar Materials

October 4, 2012

Author(s)

Zhao Z. Deng, Alexander Smolyanitsky, Qunyang Li, Xi-Qiao Feng, Rachel J. Cannara

We discuss a potential new measurement application based on nanotribological measurements and simulations of the model lamellar material graphite. While...

Modeling Chloride transport in Cracked Concrete: A 3-D image-based microstructure simulation

October 3, 2012

Author(s)

Edward Garboczi, Dale P. Bentz, Jeffrey M. Davis, Yang Lu

The prediction of the service life of concrete materials is difficult, mainly because of their complex heterogeneous microstructure and their random nature...

Extending single-photon optimized superconducting transition edge sensors beyond the single-photon counting regime

October 2, 2012

Author(s)

Thomas Gerrits, Brice R. Calkins, Nathan A. Tomlin, Adriana E. Lita, Alan L. Migdall, Sae Woo Nam, Richard P. Mirin

Photon number resolving transition-edge sensors (TES) are the cutting-edge enabling technology for high quantum efficiency photon counting when the number of...

An International Intercomparison of Quantum-Based AC Voltage Standards

October 1, 2012

Author(s)

Thomas E. Lipe Jr., Piotr S. Filipski, Joseph R. Kinard Jr., Yi-hua D. Tang

We report the results of a comparison of quantum-based AC Josephson Voltage Standards (ACJVS) between the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)...

Validation of the dissemination of spectral irradiance values using FEL lamps

September 27, 2012

Author(s)

B. Carol Johnson, Gary D. Graham, Robert D. Saunders, Howard Yoon, Eric Shirley

Scales of spectral irradiance are disseminated from NIST by assignment of values to FEL-type lamp standards for defined conditions. These lamp standards can be...

Tunable Supercontinuum Fiber Laser Source for BRDF Measurements in the STARR II Gonioreflectometer

September 27, 2012

Author(s)

Heather J. Patrick, Clarence J. Zarobila, Thomas A. Germer, Victor A. Ying, Catherine C. Cooksey, Benjamin K. Tsai

STARR II is a planned NIST facility for spectral measurements of specular reflectance and diffuse bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) that is...

Motorcoach Tire Fires Passenger Compartment Penetration, Tenability, Mitigation, and Material Performance

September 27, 2012

Author(s)

Erik L. Johnsson, Jiann C. Yang

Full-scale fire experiments were conducted at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) to investigate tire fire interactions with the passenger...

Upper roughness limitations on the TIS/RMS relationship

September 27, 2012

Author(s)

J C. Stover, Sven Schroeder, Thomas Germer

The relationship between total integrated scatter (TIS) and root mean square (rms) roughness was developed in the radar literature and enabled the first use of...

Fingerprint Self-Captures: Usability of a fingerprint system with real-time feedback

September 26, 2012

Author(s)

Yee-Yin Choong, Mary F. Theofanos, Haiying Guan

The performance of a biometric system depends on the quality of interaction of the biometric subject and the system. Past research has shown that fingerprint...

An evaluation of local shape descriptors for 3D shape retrieval

September 26, 2012

Author(s)

Afzal A. Godil, Sarah Y. Tang

As the usage of 3D models increases, so does the importance of developing accurate 3D shape retrieval algorithms. A common approach is to calculate a shape...

Near-infrared calibration systems for precise radial-velocity measurements

September 24, 2012

Author(s)

Stephen L. Redman, Florian Kerber, Gillian Nave, Suvrath Mahadevan, Lawrence W. Ramsey, Jonathan Smoker, H-U Kaufl, Pedro Figueira

We present work done to prepare two new near-infrared calibration sources for use on high-precision astrophysical spectrographs. Uranium-neon is an atomic...

The Habitable-Zone Planet Finder: A Stabilized Fiber-Fed NIR Spectrograph for the Hobby-Eberly Telescope

September 24, 2012

Author(s)

Scott A. Diddams, Suvrath Mahadevan, Lawrence W. Ramsey, Chad F. Bender, Ryan Terrien, Jason T. Wright, Samuel Halverson, Fred Hearty, Matthew Nelson, Adam Burton, Stephen L. Redman, Steve Osterman, James Kasting, Michael Endl

We present the scientific motivation and conceptual design for the recently funded Habitable-zone Planet Finder (HPF), a stabilized fiber-fed near-infrared (NIR...

Radiation Pattern of an UWB Wearable Antenna: A Preliminary Study

September 24, 2012

Author(s)

Wen-Bin Yang, Kamran Sayrafian

Inhomogeneity of the propagation medium in body area networks could have a great impact on the sensor node's antenna characteristics. This in turn could affect...

Development of a fully automated LED lifetime test system

September 21, 2012

Author(s)

Yuqin Zong, Jeff Hulett

A fully automated system for light-emitting diode (LED) lifetime test has been developed and is undergoing validation. This system uses a 1 m integrating sphere...

Assessment of Uncertainty in Ballistic Response Estimates Obtained from Ballistic Limit Testing

September 20, 2012

Author(s)

Michael A. Riley, Kirk D. Rice, Amanda L. Forster

Ballistic limit tests are widely used to assess armor performance, particularly to determine the velocity at which half of all projectile impacts will perforate...

Theory Building: An Examination of the Pre-evacuation Period of the 2001 WTC Disaster

September 18, 2012

Author(s)

Erica D. Kuligowski

This paper presents a portion of the authors PhD dissertation involving a qualitative study of occupant behavior in response to the 2001 World Trade Center...

Evacuation of People with Disabilities on Stairs

September 18, 2012

Author(s)

Erica D. Kuligowski, Bryan Hoskins, Richard D. Peacock, Emily A. Wiess

The time that it takes a population to reach safety when descending a stairwell during building evacuations is typically described by measureable engineering...

More Thoughts on Defaults

September 18, 2012

Author(s)

Steve M. Gwynne, Erica D. Kuligowski, Michael Spearpoint

In this paper, the use of default values in egress models is explored and specific values are proposed to combat issues of model misuse. The authors suggest...

The Need for a Robust Precise Time and Frequency Alternative to Global Navigation Satellite Systems

September 17, 2012

Author(s)

Michael A. Lombardi, Mitch Narins, Per Engen, Ben Peterson, Sherman Lo, Dennis Akos

Positioning, Navigation, and Timing (PNT) services are key enablers of both essential safety and security applications and economically beneficial capacity and...

Validation of a Two-Antenna Reverberation-Chamber Technique for Estimating the Total and Radiation Efficiency of Antennas

September 17, 2012

Author(s)

Christopher L. Holloway

Reverberation chambers (RC) are becoming a popular alternative testing facility for a wide range of electromagnetic applications. Because of the statistical...

New Instruments to Calibrate Atmospheric Transmission

September 17, 2012

Author(s)

Claire E. Cramer, Keith R. Lykke, John T. Woodward IV, Peter Zimmer, John T. McGraw, Daniel C. Zirzow

Changing atmospheric transmission accounts for the largest systematic errors limiting photometric measurement precision and accuracy for ground-based telescopes...

Electro-Thermal Simulation and Design of a 60 A, 4.5 kV Half-Bridge Si IGBT/SiC JBS Hybrid Power Module

September 15, 2012

Author(s)

Tam H. Duong, Allen R. Hefner Jr., Karl Hobart

This paper presents the results from a parametric simulation study that was conducted to optimize the design of a high-current 4.5 kV half-bridge Si-IGBT/SiC...

Absolute interferometric tests of spherical surfaces based on rotational and translational shears

September 13, 2012

Author(s)

Johannes A. Soons, Ulf Griesmann

Traceability of interferometric form measurements requires characterization of the reference wavefront. We investigate absolute tests for spherical surfaces...

Measuring Combinatorial Coverage of System State-space for IV&V

September 13, 2012

Author(s)

David R. Kuhn, Raghu N. Kacker

This report describes some measures of combinatorial coverage that can be helpful in estimating this risk that we have applied to tests for spacecraft software...

Calibrating the sag due to gravity of horizontal interferometer reference flats

September 13, 2012

Author(s)

Ulf Griesmann, Jan Burke

We describe a method for measuring the deflection due to gravity (sag) of horizontally mounted reference flats of phase shifting interferometers. The planarity...

Tunable Laser Techniques for Improving the Precision of Optical Astronomy

September 13, 2012

Author(s)

Keith R. Lykke, Claire E. Cramer, John T. Woodward IV, Steven W. Brown, Ping-Shine Shaw

Improving the precision of optical astronomy requires not only new telescopes and instrumentation, but also advances in observing protocols, calibrations and...

Near-field Calibration of an Objective Spectrophotometer to NIST Radiometric Standards for the Creation and Maintenance of Standard Stars for Ground- and Space-Based Applications

September 13, 2012

Author(s)

John T. Woodward IV, Keith R. Lykke, Claire E. Cramer, John T. McGraw, Peter Zimmer, Daniel C. Zirzow, Susana Deustua, Dean Hines

NIST-calibrated detectors will be used by the ground-based 100mm diameter Astronomical Extinction Spectrophotometer (AESoP) to calibrate the spectral energy...

Cross-View Action Recognition via a Transferable Dictionary Pair

September 12, 2012

Author(s)

P J. Phillips, Jingjing Zheng, Zhuolin Jiang, Rama Chellappa

Discriminative appearance features are effective for recognizing actions in a fixed view, but generalize poorly to changes in viewpoint. We present a method for...

Measurements of Infrared Spectral Directional Emittance at NIST - A Status Update

September 12, 2012

Author(s)

Boris Wilthan, Leonard Hanssen, Sergey Mekhontsev

Over the past two decades, the Sensor Science Division at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has developed extensive capabilities for the...