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Projects/Programs

Topic Area
Displaying 426 - 450 of 488
Analog quantum simulators (AQS) Figure 1

Silicon-based Solid-State Analog Quantum Simulators

Ongoing
Why Atom-based Si AQS Analog quantum simulators are designed quantum systems with a tunable Hamiltonian to emulate complex quantum systems intractable using classical computers due to the exponential growth of the calculations with system size. Simulating strongly interacting fermions (electrons) on...
theoretical prediction graph

Single photon measurements: Single Photon Tunneling

Completed
We are studying what happens when a single particle (in this case a photon) crosses a tunneling barrier. This is a particularly interesting question because tunneling is a fundamental distinguishing characteristic of quantum mechanics and it implies remarkable properties such as barrier crossing...
wafer

Single Photonics and Quantum Information

Ongoing
One of the activities in this group is the development of single photon technologies for quantum information science and technology. We work closely with the Nanostructure Fabrication and Metrology Project on the generation of novel non-classical states of light and the detection of single photons...
nanopore event

Single-molecule biosensors

Ongoing
We are developing new tools to investigate the energy landscape of single-molecule sensors. Our goal is to apply a wide-ranging array of technologies to probe the critical physicochemical properties of nanopore biosensors. These properties include the free energy of confinement for polymers as they...
relative uncertainty, force and mass

Small Mass and Small Force Metrology at NIST

Ongoing
Project 1: The electronic milligram. As a result of kilogram redefinition within the SI, it may be possible to realize mass at the milligram level and below using electrical measurements. To this end, the NIST Electrostatic Force Balance (EFB) has been used to measure the mass of artifacts spanning...
SMART contrast agents

SMART Contrast Agents

Ongoing
Work on smart agents is focused on developing new micro- and nanoparticle- based contrast agents for MRI and new MR imaging and sensing schemes. These include synthetic antiferromagnet nanoparticles as potential new contrast agents, high-moment iron microparticles for enhanced T2* contrast for in...
NIST researchers measuring a flow profile

Smoke Stack Flow Measurement

Completed
The Fluid Metrology Group is using its smoke stack simulator (See Fig. 1.) and field tests in operating smoke stacks to critically test conventional and improved ways of measuring the flow of stack gases. In the NIST stack simulator, the inlet cone and reference (upstream) section of the simulator...
LED examples

Solid-state lighting metrology

Ongoing
Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) are increasingly being introduced into lighting market, and solid state lighting (SSL) is becoming a reality. But, this new technology still faces many challenges. Lighting consumes a huge amount of energy, currently 22% of all electricity consumed in the U.S. White LED...
QIT detector

Sources, detectors and metrology

Ongoing
Detectors Detectors that can register individual photons are key to applications in quantum information, metrology, biology, and remote sensing, each having its own distinct detection requirements. In many ways, a single-photon detector is the device that spans the quantum-to-classical divide...
reflector

Spectral Reflectance and Transmittance

Ongoing
NIST serves as the nation's primary source for spectral reflectance and transmittance measurements from 250 nm to 2500 nm. Our reflectance and transmittance measurements support the measurement infrastructure of communities involved in optics, photonics, color technology, instrument manufacturing...
spectrophotometric processes illustration

Spectrophotometry

Ongoing
NIST uses spectrophotometric techniques to measure the optical properties of materials for dissemination of national measurement scales to its stakeholders and advancing the development of standards, measurement methods, and modeling capabilities. The beneficiaries of these activities include the...

Spectroradiometry of sources

Ongoing
The spectral radiance sources in the form of tungsten-strip lamps and integrating-sphere sources are calibrated in the Facility for Spectroradiometric Calibrations (FASCAL). The measurements are performed by the use of a prism-grating double monochromator whose spectral radiance responsivity is...

Spinor Condensates and Ultracold Collisions

Ongoing
A Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) collapses the wavefunctions of many particles in to a single quantum state. In a spinor BEC the atoms can be in a superposition of internal quantum states. Thus, a BEC of spin-1 particles, like the F = 1 ground state of Na atoms, can be thought of as being a single...
Schematic of device structure designed to utilize novel spin current generation in a ferromagnet (FM) to achieve electrical switching of a perpendicularly magnetized FM layer

Spin-orbit interaction in devices and quantum materials

Ongoing
The spin degree of freedom can provide a basis for next-generation electronic devices. Spintronic devices typically include materials with magnetic ordering, such as ferromagnets or antiferromagnets. The state of the magnetization influences charge and spin current through an effect known as...
Fig. 1. Die containing 285 superparamagnetic tunnel junctions.

Spintronics for Neuromorphic Computing

Ongoing
Magnetic tunnel junctions (see Fig. 1) consist of two thin films of ferromagnetic material separated by a few atomic layers of an insulating material. The insulator is so thin that electrons can tunnel quantum mechanically through it. The rate at which the electrons tunnel is affected by the...
SPRT Calibration Laboratory

Standard Platinum Resistance Thermometer Calibration Laboratory (SPRTCL)

Ongoing
The SPRTCL provides an extensive list of calibration services that cover the whole temperature range for which long-stem SPRTs, including high-temperature SPRTs, are the ITS-90 interpolation artifacts. This range spans from the triple point of argon (-189.3442 °C) to the freezing point of silver...

Standard Reference Materials: Standardization of 232U (SRM 4324c)

Ongoing
The certified massic activity for 232U was obtained by 4παβ LS spectrometry with two commercial LS counters. The beta detection efficiencies for the 232U daughters were calculated using the MICELLE2 code for the CIEMAT/NIST efficiency tracing (CNET) method with composition-matched LS cocktails of a...

Standard Reference Materials: Standardization of 243Am (SRM 4332f)

Ongoing
The certified massic activity for 243Am was obtained by 4παβ LS spectrometry with two commercial LS counters. The beta detection efficiencies for the 243Am daughter ( 239Np) were calculated using the CN2003 code for the CIEMAT/NIST efficiency tracing (CNET) method with composition-matched LS...

Standard Reference Materials: Standardization of 239Pu (SRM 4330d)

Ongoing
The certified massic activity for 239Pu was obtained by 4πα liquid scintillation (LS) spectrometry with two commercial LS counters. Confirmatory measurements were performed by LS counting comparative measurements against SRM 4330d, which was also standardized in 2009 by 4pa liquid scintillation (LS)...

Structure, Defects, and Scattering in Graphene

Completed
The graphene honeycomb lattice is a key element in determining many of graphene's spectacular properties, which are desirable for a host of electronic applications. The graphene 6-fold symmetric lattice gives rise to charge carriers behaving like light-waves having zero mass. The charge carriers in...
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