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Office of the Director

Projects/Programs

Displaying 1251 - 1275 of 1608
Nanoparticles labeled infographic. Microscopic element vector illustration.

Reactivity of Nanoparticle Catalysts

Ongoing
Goals: Provide mechanisms for various prototypical electrocatalytic reactions on different metallic surfaces an nanoparticles. Validate the results of DFT calculations versus experimental data. Research Activities: Studying the methanol oxidation reaction on Pt and PtRu surfaces. Studying the effect...
Photograph of a long pink flame against a black background, emanating from a torch, with small blue cone near the base of the nozzle.

Real Fuels

Ongoing
The variability of the price of oil, the need for energy efficiency and pollution minimization has led to increasing interest in alternative fuels. These fuels are structurally and compositionally different than the conventional fuels presently used.  Past work on conventional fuels have established...

Real-time Image Intensity Transformation for Surgical Displays

Ongoing
The goal of the project is to develop multiple approaches to fusing dim fluorescent and vivid bright-field images such that surgery-relevant anatomical features are easily perceived. Our approach is based on transforming image intensities in fluorescent surgical microscopy images and blending them...

Real-Time Monitoring and Control of Additive Manufacturing Processes

Completed
Objective: Develop process metrology, in-process sensing methods, and real-time process control approaches to maximize part quality and production throughput in Additive Manufacturing (AM). Technical Idea: Additively manufactured metal parts can have many quality issues, such as undesired pores or...
Graphic depicting the complexity of reclaimed and recaptured plastics. Textiles (arm chair, t-shirt, and spool of yarn), plastic containers (jug, rectangular food containers, and bag), and gaoline pump - along with chemical structures surround a globe with the bottom half covered with three buildings and half of a mechanical gear.

Recaptured and Reclaimed Plastic Measurements

Paused
Plastics are a complex mixture of various polymer types with different chemical structures, shapes, and chemical additives. From microscopic nanoplastics (as small as 1 nm) to large megaplastics (over 1 m), plastic pollution poses significant measurement science challenges. By developing accurate...
deadweight

Reconditioning of the 4.45 MN deadweight machine

Completed
The 4.45 MN DWM has been in use in the NIST Force Laboratory since 1965 and is frequently characterized as the largest deadweight force standard in the world. Thousands of measurements through many force calibrations have been performed over the lifespan of the machine. The machine was the...

Reduced Ignition and Flame Spread with Nano-Engineered Foam Project

Completed
By 2015, this project aims to develop measurement science for (1) designing low-fire hazard soft furnishings using low-heat release, cost-effective, EHS-compliant nanoparticle fire retardant foam, (2) assessing the EHS attributes of nanoparticle fire retardants for polymer systems, and (3) creating a reference polyurethane foam with reproducible smoldering mass loss.
A collage of REFPROP screens

Reference Fluid Thermodynamic and Transport Properties Database (REFPROP)

Ongoing
REFPROP is a computer program, distributed through the Standard Reference Data program of NIST, that provides thermophysical properties of pure fluids and mixtures over a wide range of fluid conditions including liquid, gas, and supercritical phases. It contains critically evaluated mathematical...
One unit of RM 8038 contains 3 tubes for the H5_HA, N1_NA, and MP RNA fragments.

Reference Material 8038 H5N1 (Avian Influenza) Synthetic RNA Fragments

Completed
In response to the H5N1 avian influenza outbreak, NIST has developed a Reference Material (RM) for PCR-based assays. This material contains 3 vials with RNA fragments for HA (Part A), NA (Part B), and MP (Part C). The Reference Material Information Sheet (RMIS) for this material contains information...
Photo showing the production of Salmon Standard Reference Material

Reference Material Production and Support

Ongoing
Bulk Cryogenic Production Large-batch cryogenic reference materials are produced using a specialized Palla VM-KT Vibrating Cryomill. The mill is pre-cooled to cryogenic temperatures using liquid nitrogen. Frozen material is fed through the inlet funnel to a vibrating chamber containing 26 titanium...
skin reflectance graphs

Reflectance Measurements of Human Skin

Ongoing
Investigations of the optical properties of human skin have largely been limited to the visible part of the electromagnetic spectrum, whereas many applications require high-quality reflectance data in the near infrared and short-wave infrared. Further, the complex and dynamic nature of skin results...
Color coded refrigerant bottles

Refrigerants and Working Fluids

Ongoing
We apply a wide range of experimental apparatus to the task of measuring the properties of working fluids. Many of these instruments are the same as those used in our work on standard reference fluids, and our data for working fluids approach the accuracy of the reference fluids. Thermodynamic...

Reliability of Fiber Reinforced Composite Systems in Resilient Infrastructure

Ongoing
Objective - Develop methodologies to determine the resilience increase or loss of infrastructure by the application of FR composites to structural components. What is the technical idea? FR composites have been used in infrastructure applications to repair, retrofit (defined as strengthening and/or...
Reliability of Mechanical Systems photo

Reliability of Mechanical Systems in Buildings

Ongoing
Objective To develop AI-assisted Fault-Detection and Diagnostic tools for reliability and operating cost savings of residential air conditioners (ACs), heat pumps (HPs), and mechanical systems of large commercial buildings. Technical Idea NIST will develop and demonstrate cloud-based FDD methods for...
CNT_interconnect_failure

Reliability Metrologies for Advanced Electronic Interconnects

Completed
High-performance devices, such as microprocessors and memory chips, are typically composed of structures with strict dimensional tolerances and geometries and are made up of various materials, all in close proximity in a three-dimensional system. Material interactions lead to reliability issues such...
Replica of a collaborative robotic workcell

Reliable, High Performance Industrial Wireless Systems: Wi-Fi and TSN

Ongoing
Through collaboration with industry and academia, we will continue to develop model architectures for high-priority industrial use cases that include mobile robotic and collaborative platforms. We will continue to select use cases based on industry input and our independent research. In this project...

Reliable, High Performance Wireless Systems for Factory Automation

Completed
With the emergence of the Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), Smart Manufacturing Systems provide a vision of future manufacturing that incorporate highly dynamic physical systems, robust and responsive communications systems, and computing paradigms to maximize efficiency, enable mobility...
Alex Rodriguez with data logger

Reliable Vaccine Storage

Completed
Our group examines best practices for the storage and monitoring of vaccines in partnership with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s (CDC) Vaccine Supply and Assurance Branch. Vaccines are highly temperature sensitive, and inappropriate storage conditions can render them ineffective...
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