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Search Publications by: John Kitching (Fed)

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Displaying 151 - 175 of 218

Self-Oscillating Rubidium Magnetometer using Nonlinear Magneto-Optical Rotation

December 14, 2005
Author(s)
P Schwindt, Leo W. Hollberg, John E. Kitching
The detection of nonlinear magneto-optical rotation (NMOR) of polarized light through alkali atomic vapor is a highly sensitive technique for measuring magnetic fields. We demonstrate that when using frequency modulated light to excite the NMOR resonance

Chip-Scale Atomic Frequency References: Fabrication and Performance

December 1, 2005
Author(s)
John Kitching, Svenja A. Knappe, Li-Anne Liew, John M. Moreland, Hugh Robinson, Peter D. Schwindt, V Shah, V Gerginov, Leo W. Hollberg
The physics package for a chip-scale atomic frequency reference was constructed and tested. The device has a total volume of 9.5 mm 3, dissipates 75 mW of electrical power at an ambient temperature of 45 °C and has a short-term fractional frequency

Microfabricated Atomic Magnetometers

October 31, 2005
Author(s)
P Schwindt, John E. Kitching, Leo W. Hollberg, Svenja A. Knappe, V Shah, Li-Anne Liew, John Moreland
Using the techniques of microelectromechanical systems, we are developing chip-scale atomic sensors based on laser excitation of alkali atoms. Recently, we demonstrated a magnetometer physics package that had sensitivity of 50 pT / Hz1/2 at 10 Hz, had a

Chip-Scale Atomic Frequency References

September 16, 2005
Author(s)
John E. Kitching, Svenja A. Knappe, Li-Anne Liew, P Schwindt, Vladislav Gerginov, V Shah, John Moreland, Alan Brannon, J Breitbarth, Z Popovic, Leo W. Hollberg
We describe recent efforts at NIST to develop microfabricated, chip-scale atomic frequency references based on microfabrication techniques commonly used in micro electro mechanical systems (MEMS). These devices are projected to have a volume of 1 cm 3, a

Atomic vapor cells for chip-scale atomic clocks with improved long-term frequency stability

September 15, 2005
Author(s)
Svenja A. Knappe, Vladislav Gerginov, P Schwindt, V Shah, Leo W. Hollberg, John E. Kitching, Hugh Robinson
A novel technique for microfabricating alkali atom vapor cells is described, in which alkali atoms are evaporated into a micromachined cell cavity through a glass nozzle. A cell of interior volume 1 mm 3, containing 87Rb and a buffer gas, was made in this

Component-Level Demonstration of a Microfabricated Atomic Frequency Reference

August 29, 2005
Author(s)
Vladislav Gerginov, Svenja A. Knappe, P Schwindt, V Shah, Li-Anne Liew, John Moreland, Hugh Robinson, Leo W. Hollberg, John E. Kitching, Alan Brannon, J Breitbarth, Z Popovic
We demonstrate component-level functionality of the three critical subsystems for a chip-scale atomic clock: the physics package, the local oscillator and the control electronics. In addition, we demonstrate that these three components functioning together

Chip-Scale Atomic Clocks at NIST

August 7, 2005
Author(s)
John E. Kitching, Svenja A. Knappe, Li-Anne Liew, John Moreland, Hugh Robinson, P Schwindt, V Shah, Vladislav Gerginov, Leo W. Hollberg
We describe recent efforts to develop microfabricated atomic frequency references capable of supporting a wide variety of commercial and military systems such as global positioning and wireless communication. These devices are anticipated to eventually

Microfabricated Atomic Frequency References

August 1, 2005
Author(s)
John Kitching, Svenja A. Knappe, Li-Anne Liew, John M. Moreland, Peter D. Schwindt, V Shah, V Gerginov, Leo W. Hollberg
Using microfabrication processes, we have been able to construct physics packages for vapour cell atomic frequency references 100x smaller than previously existing versions, with a corresponding reduction in power consumption. In addition, the devices

Microfabricated atomic frequency references

June 7, 2005
Author(s)
John E. Kitching, Svenja A. Knappe, Li-Anne Liew, John Moreland, P Schwindt, V Shah, Vladislav Gerginov, Leo W. Hollberg
Using microfabrication processes, we have been able to construct physics packages for vapour cell atomic frequency references 100¿ smaller than previously existing versions, with a corresponding reduction in power consumption. In addition, the devices

A Local Oscillator for Chip-Scale Atomic Clocks at NIST

June 1, 2005
Author(s)
Alan Brannon, J Breitbarth, Z Popovic, Vladislav Gerginov, V Shah, Svenja A. Knappe, Leo W. Hollberg, John E. Kitching
We report the first local oscillator (LO) demonstrating viability in terms of performance, size, and power, for chip scale atomic clocks (CSAC) at the National Institute of Standards and Technology in Boulder, CO. This volgate-controlled oscillator (VCO)

Active Light-Shift Stabilization in Modulated CPT Clocks

June 1, 2005
Author(s)
V Shah, P Schwindt, Vladislav Gerginov, Svenja A. Knappe, Leo W. Hollberg, John E. Kitching
We demonstrate a simple technique to significantly improve the long-term frequency stability in atomic clocks vased on coherent population trapping (CPT). In this technique an additional servo is used to control the local oscillator power level to ensure

The Performance of Chip-Scale Atomic Clocks

May 22, 2005
Author(s)
Svenja A. Knappe, P Schwindt, Leo W. Hollberg, John E. Kitching, V Shah, Vladislav Gerginov
We compare the performance of two chip-scale atomic clock physics packages, one based on excitation using the D 2 line if Cs and the other using the D 1 line of 87Rb.

Microfabricated atomic frequency references

April 5, 2005
Author(s)
John Kitching, Svenja A. Knappe, Li-Anne Liew, John Moreland, Hugh Robinson, P Schwindt, V Shah, Leo W. Hollberg
We describe a design for a microfabricated atomic frequency reference with a volume of several cubic millimetres and a power dissipation in the range ot tens of milliwatts. It is anticipated that this frequency reference will be capable of achieving a

Chip-Scale Atomic Frequency References: Fabrication and Performance

March 21, 2005
Author(s)
John E. Kitching, Svenja A. Knappe, Li-Anne Liew, John Moreland, Hugh Robinson, P Schwindt, V Shah, Vladislav Gerginov, Leo W. Hollberg
The physics package for a chip-scale atomic frequency standard was constructed and tested. The device has a total volume of 9.5 mm 3, dissipates 75 mW of electrical power at an ambient temperature of 45 °C and has a short-term fractional frequency

A chip-scale atomic clock based on 87 Rb with improved frequency stability

February 21, 2005
Author(s)
Svenja A. Knappe, P Schwindt, V Shah, Leo W. Hollberg, John E. Kitching, Li-Anne Liew, John Moreland
We demonstrate a microfabricated atomic clock physics package based on coherent population trapping (CPT) of 87Rb atoms. The package occupies a volume of 12 mm 3 and requires 195 mW of power to operate. Compared to a previous microfabricated clock exciting

Toward chip-scale atomic clocks

February 7, 2005
Author(s)
C. T-C. Nguyen, John Kitching
This paper describes work towards the use of integrated microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) technology to shrink atomic clocks from their present-day table-top sizes down to only one cubic-centimeter, while retaining exceptional timing stability on the

An Atomic Clock on a Chip

February 1, 2005
Author(s)
John E. Kitching
This article described recent research in the Time and Frequency Division at NIST to develop highly miniaturized atomic frequency references using microfabrication technologies. We discuss the overall physics package design, fabrication of individual

Microfabricated Atomic Clocks

January 30, 2005
Author(s)
John E. Kitching, Svenja A. Knappe, Li-Anne Liew, P Schwindt, V Shah, John Moreland, Leo W. Hollberg
We summarize the development of microfabricated atomic frequency references at NIST. The physics packages of these devices have volumes near 10 mm3, power dissipation below 150 mW and can potentially achieve a fractional frequency instability in the range

Microwave transitions and nonlinear magneto-optical rotation in anti-relaxation-coated cells

January 27, 2005
Author(s)
D Budker, Leo W. Hollberg, Derek F. Kimball, John E. Kitching, S Pustelny, V V. Yashchuk
Using laser optical pumping, widths and frequency shifts are determined for microwave transitions between ground-state hyperfine components of {8s}Rb and d{87}Rb atoms contained in vapor cells with alkane anti-relaxation coatings. The results are compared

-Chip scale atomic magnetometers,-

January 1, 2005
Author(s)
John Moreland, John Kitching, Peter D. Schwindt, Svenja A. Knappe, Li-Anne Liew, V Shah, Vladislav Gerginov, Ying-ju Wang, Leo W. Hollberg