Search Publications

NIST Authors in Bold

Displaying 49676 - 49700 of 73697

Influence of Secondary Tip Shape on Illumination-Mode Near-Field Scanning Optical Microscopy Images

August 1, 1999

Author(s)

Lee J. Richter, C E. Dentinger, Richard R. Cavanagh, Garnett W. Bryant, A Liu, Stephan J. Stranick, C D. Keating, M J. Natan

We report illumination-mode near-field optical microscopy images of individual 80-115 nm diameter Au particles recorded with metal-coated fiber probes. It is found that the images are strongly influenced by the metal-coating thickness. This dependence is

Isochoric p, rho, T and Heat Capacity Cv Measurements on Mixtures on XC3H8 + (1-x) I-C4H10, x 0.7, 0.3) from 200 to 400 K at Pressures to 35 Mpa

August 1, 1999

Author(s)

H Duarte, Joe W. Magee

The p-p-T relationships and constant volume heat capacity C v were measured for binary hydrocarbon mixtures containing propane (C 3H 8) and isobutane (I-C 4H 10). Temperatures ranged from 2000 K to 400 Kfor p-p-T and from 203 K to 342 K for C v with

Laser Ionization Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometer Detection of Methyl Radical Produced by Ion-Molecule Reactions in a Flowing Afterglow

August 1, 1999

Author(s)

J Li, V M. Bierbaum, S R. Leone

Laser ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer detection is coupled with a flowing-afterglow instrument for the first time to detect the methyl radical, CH 3, produced from the gas phase reactions of CO + with CH 4. Single-photon ionization at 118 nm

Manufacturing Engineering Laboratory Information Technology Improvement Plan Status Report

August 1, 1999

Author(s)

Mark E. Luce, Raymond M. Hoffmann

In order to improve the stability and efficiency of information and networking systems used througout the MEL, a lab-wide Information Technology Improvement Plan was developed in 1997 by a team of technical and managerial staff from MEL. The plan was

Measurement as Inference: Fundamental Ideas

August 1, 1999

Author(s)

William T. Estler

We review the logical basis of inference as distinct from deduction, and show that measurements in general, and dimensional metrology in particular, are best viewed as exercises in probable inference: reasoning from incomplete information. The result of a

Metrology for Radio-Frequency Technology: A Bibliography of NIST Publications

August 1, 1999

Author(s)

Ruth-Marie Lyons

This bibliography lists the publications by the staff of the Radio-Frequency Technology Division, formerly the Electromagnetic Fields Division, of the National Institute of Standards and Technology for the period January 1970 through July 1999. It

Micro X-Ray Fluorescence of Particles Using a Laboratory X-Ray Tube and a Polycapillary Optic

August 1, 1999

Author(s)

J R. Swider, Terrence J. Jach, Eric B. Steel

To create a microanalysis instrument that has low detection limits and can spatially resolve elemental distributions, we have utilized the benefits of X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) with a capillary focusing optic of the many methods used for x-ray focusing

Micro-Mechanic Model for Cathodic Blister growth in Painted Steel

August 1, 1999

Author(s)

Tze J. Chuang, Tinh Nguyen, S K. Lee

A micro-mechanic blister growth model is proposed for a coating system consisting of a polymer film applied to a steel substrate exposed to salt solutions. The mechanism of the blister formation is based on corrosion-induced disbondment of the coating at

Multilayers: Interlayer Coupling

August 1, 1999

Author(s)

P Grunberg, Daniel T. Pierce

The extensive research done on interlayer exchange coupling in transition metal multilayers has resulted in a deep understanding of this coupling and a remarkable agreement between theoretical results and measurements. The coupling between two magnetic

National Advanced Manufacturing Testbed: A Distributed Testbed Enabling Collaborative Research between Scientists and Engineers at Remote Locations

August 1, 1999

Author(s)

David C. Stieren, Robert J. Densock, Mark E. Luce

The National Advanced Manufacturing Testbed (NAMT) is a distributed testbed enabling collaborative research between scientists and engineers at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), remote industry locations, and government and

NIST Indices of NTEP Device Evaluations

August 1, 1999

Author(s)

L T. Sebring, Tina G. Butcher, H V. Oppermann

This publication contains index listings for all devices that have been type evaluated under the National Type Evaluation Program (NTEP) from January 1, 1986 through August 3, 1999. It replaces all previous editions and supplements (except copies of

Nondestructive Techniques to Investigate Corrosion Status in Concrete Structures

August 1, 1999

Author(s)

Nicholas J. Carino

A critical step in selecting the most appropriate repair strategy for a distressed concrete structure is to determine the corrosion status of reinforcing bars. Because of the complexity of the corrosion process, it is prudent to involve personnel who are

Observations from Multidisciplinary, Internet-Based Collaboration on a Practical Design Project

August 1, 1999

Author(s)

Robert Allen, Ram D. Sriram, Srinivas Nidamarthi, S P. Regalla

Industry and academia are increasingly demonstrating the benefits of Internet based collaborative work for product design and development. For example, collaborating via the Internet for design teams at Boeing, and efforts to understand and support the

Optimization of CMOS MEMS Microwave Power Sensors

August 1, 1999

Author(s)

V. Milanovic, M. Hopcroft, C. A. Zincke, Michael Gaitan, Mona E. Zaghloul

Micromachined power sensors with operation up to 50 GHz were recently achieved in CMOS technology. to improve their sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio, while maintaining microwave performance, several design parameters must be considered, such as the

Optimization of Polymer Concrete Composites: Final Report

August 1, 1999

Author(s)

L Czarnecki, A Garbacz, P Lukowski, J R. Clifton

The main aim of the study was the development of a method for the design and optimization of polymer concrete composites, using a fundamental approach based on a material model of polymer concrete. The polymer concrete materials were characterized via

Parallel Monte Carlo Simulation Using Desktop Computers

August 1, 1999

Author(s)

J H. Scott, Robert L. Myklebust, Dale Newbury

Monte Carlo simulation of electron scattering in solids has proven valuable to electron microscopists for many years. The electron trajectories, x-ray generation volumes, and scattered electron signals produced by these simulations are used in quantitative

Pay Me Now or Pay Me Later

August 1, 1999

Author(s)

Isabel M. Beichl, F Sullivan

This is a tutorial article on the alias method which we use to sample from the Poisson distribution quickly.

Potential Energy Landscape Signatures of Slow Dynamics in Glass Forming Liquids

August 1, 1999

Author(s)

Srikanth Sastry, P G. Debenedetti, F H. Stillinger, T B. Schroder, J C. Dyre, S C. Glotzer

We study the properties of local potential energy minima (inherent structures) sampled by liquids at low temperatures as an approach to elucidating the mechanisms of the observed dynamical slow down as the glass transition temperature is approached. The

Quantum Calorimetry

August 1, 1999

Author(s)

C. K. Stahle, D. McCarrmon, Kent D. Irwin

Reverberation Chamber Relationships: Corrections and Improvements or Three Wrongs Can (Almost) Make a Right

August 1, 1999

Author(s)

John M. Ladbury, Galen H. Koepke

We correct a number of errors that have crept into the reverberation-chamber literature over the past several years.

SEM/X-Ray Imaging of Cement-Based Materials

August 1, 1999

Author(s)

Dale P. Bentz, Paul E. Stutzman, C Haecker, S Remond

Scanning electron microscopy and X-ray imaging techniques have been developed for imaging the complex microstructure of cement-based materials such as cement powder and fly ash. By combining the information available in the backscattered electron and

Si Resonant Interband Tunnel Diodes Grown by Low-Temperature Molecular Beam Epitaxy

August 1, 1999

Author(s)

P E. Thompson, K D. Hobart, M E. Twigg, G Jernigan, T E. Dillon, S L. Rommel, P R. Berger, David S. Simons, P Chi, R Lake, A C. Seabaugh

Si resonant interband tunnel diodes that demonstrate negative differential resistance at room temperature are presented. The structures were grown using low temperature (320 C) molecular beam epitaxy followed by a post-growth anneal. After a 650 C, 1 min

Spatio-Spectral Mapping of Multimode Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Lasers

August 1, 1999

Author(s)

K. J. Knopp, David H. Christensen, G. H. Vander Rhodes, J. M. Pomeroy, B. B. Goldberg, M. S. {Umlat}nl{umlat}

This paper reports the spatial and spectral characteristics of multimode vertical cavity surface emitting laser (VCSEL) emission using near field scanning optical microscopy (NSOM).

SRM 2806 (ISO Medium Test Dust in Hydraulic Oil): A Particle-Contamination Standard Reference Material for the Fluid Power Industry

August 1, 1999

Author(s)

Robert A. Fletcher, Jennifer R. Verkouteren, Eric S. Windsor, David S. Bright, Eric B. Steel, John A. Small, Walter S. Liggett Jr

Standard Reference material (SRM) 2806 is composed of ISO medium test dust (ISO 12103-A3), a mineral dust, suspended in MIL-H-5606 hydraulic oil. SRM 2806 is a traceable particle count standard and is certified for number of particles larger than a

Strain Rate Effects in the Single Fiber Fragmentation Test for Fiber Matrix Adhesion

August 1, 1999

Author(s)

Donald L. Hunston, Gale A. Holmes, R C. Peterson, Walter G. McDonough

In this paper, precise measurements of fiber break regions formed during the single fiber fragmentation testing procedure have been made for E-glass/diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A (DGEBA)/meta-phenylenediamine (m-PDA) single fiber fragmentation test (SFFT

Advanced communications
-Open Radio Access Network (Open-RAN)
-Quantum communications
-Spectrum sharing
-Wireless (RF)
Artificial intelligence
-AI measurement and evaluation
-Autonomous systems
--Automated vehicles
--Autonomous laboratories
-Applied AI
-Fundamental AI
-Hardware for AI
-Machine learning
-Trustworthy and responsible AI
Bioscience
-Bioeconomy
--Biological data
-Bioimaging
-Bioinformatics
-Biomanufacturing
-Biomaterials
-Biometrology
-Biosecurity
--Biosurveillance
--Genomic cybersecurity
--Nucleic acid sequence screening
-Cell measurements
-Engineering / synthetic biology
--Biofabrication
--Cell-free systems
--Genome engineering
--Protein engineering
-Gene delivery systems
-Genome editing
-Genomics
-Glycomics
-Metabolomics
-Microbial measurements
-Proteomics
Buildings and Construction
-Building codes and standards
-Building control systems
-Building damage and repair
-Building economics
-Building materials
-Energy efficiency
-Heating, ventilation and air conditioning equipment
-Indoor air quality
-Structural engineering
-Thermal comfort
Chemistry
-Analytical chemistry
-Chemical engineering and processing
-Chemical thermodynamics and chemical properties
-Molecular characterization
-Theoretical chemistry and modeling
-Thermochemical properties
Electronics
-Electromagnetics
-Flexible electronics
-Magnetoelectronics
-Optoelectronics
-Organic electronics
-Semiconductors
-Sensors
-Superconducting electronics
Energy
-Alternative energy
-Conventional energy
-Electric power / smart grid
-Fuels
Environment
-Air / water / soil quality
-Climate Measurements
-Environmental health
-Greenhouse gas measurements
-Marine science
-Sustainability
Fire
-Fire detection
-Fire dynamics and science
-Fire fighting
-Fire modeling
-Fire risk reduction
-Materials flammability
-Structural fire resistance
-Wildland urban interface fire
Forensic Science
-Digital evidence
-Drugs and toxicology
-Firearms and toolmarks
-Forensic biometrics
-Forensic genetics
-Trace evidence
Health
-Biopharmaceuticals
-Cell and gene therapy
-Clinical diagnostics
--Cancer
--Medical imaging
-Food and nutrition
-Human microbiome
-Precision medicine
-Regenerative medicine and advanced therapy
--Flow cytometry
Information technology
-Biometrics
-Cloud computing and virtualization
-Complex systems
-Computational science
-Conformance testing
-Cyber-physical systems
--Smart cities
-Cybersecurity and privacy
--Cryptography
--Cybersecurity education and workforce development
--Cybersecurity measurement
--Identity and access management
--Privacy engineering
--Risk management
--Securing emerging technologies
--Trustworthy networks
--Trustworthy platforms
-Data and informatics
--Human language technology
--Information retrieval
--Natural language processing
-Digital twins
-Federal information processing standards (FIPS)
-Health IT
-Internet of Things (IoT)
-Interoperability testing
-Location based services
-Mobile
-Networking
--Mobile and wireless networking
--Network management and monitoring
--Network modeling and analysis
--Network security and robustness
--Network test and measurement
--Next generation networks
--Protocol design and standardization
--Software defined and virtual networks
-Software research
--Software testing
-Usability and human factors
--Accessibility
-Video analytics
-Virtual / augmented reality
-Visualization research
-Voting systems
Infrastructure
Manufacturing
-Additive manufacturing
-Factory communications
-Factory operations planning and control
-Interoperability in manufacturing
-Machining
-Manufacturing economics
-Manufacturing quality assurance
-Manufacturing systems design and analysis
-Monitoring, diagnostics and prognostics
-Process improvement
-Process measurement and control
-Product data
-Robotics
--Agility and adaptability
--Collaborative robots
--Dexterous grasping
--Manipulation
--Mobility and industrial autonomous vehicles
--Navigation / actuation / control
--Sensing and perception
-Supply chain
-Sustainable manufacturing
-Systems engineering
-Systems integration
-Technology commercialization
Materials
-Ceramics
-Composites
-Concrete / cement
-Materials characterization
--Composition and structure
--Mechanical properties
--Thermal properties
-Metals
-Modeling and computational material science
-Polymers
-Superconductors
Mathematics and statistics
-Experiment design
-Image and signal processing
-Modeling and simulation research
-Numerical methods and software
-Statistical analysis
-Uncertainty quantification
Metrology
-Amount of substance
-Dimensional metrology
-Electrical / electromagnetic metrology
-Flow metrology and rheology
-Force metrology
-Humidity metrology
-Ionizing radiation metrology
-Mass metrology
-Metric
-Optical / photometry / laser metrology
-Pressure and vacuum metrology
-Thermometry metrology
-Time and frequency metrology
-Weights and measures
Nanotechnology
-Nanobiotechnology
-Nanochemistry
-Nanoelectronics
-Nanofabrication / manufacturing
--Lithography
--Self-assembly
-Nanofluidics
-Nanomagnetics
-Nanomaterials
-Nanomechanics
-Nanometrology
-Nanophotonics
-Nanophysics
-Nanoplasmonics
Neutron research
Performance excellence
-Assessment tools and services
-Baldrige award
-Baldrige examiners
-Baldrige Framework and Criteria
-Best practices
-Leadership development
Physics
-Atomic / molecular / quantum
-Biological physics
-Condensed matter
-Electron physics
-Magnetics
-Nuclear physics
-Optical physics and communications
-Quantum information science
-Radiation
-Spectroscopy
-Thermodynamics
-Time and frequency
Public safety
-Chemical / Biological / Radiological / Nuclear / Explosives (CBRNE)
-First responder preparedness
-Law enforcement
-Public safety communications research
-Response robots
Resilience
-Community resilience
--Recovery
--Resilience metrics
-Disaster and failure studies
-Earthquake risk reduction
-Resilience economics
-Resilient materials
-Windstorm impact reduction
Standards
-Accreditation
-Calibration services
-Conformity assessment
-Documentary standards
-Frameworks
-Quality assurance
-Reference data
-Reference instruments
-Reference materials
-Standards education
Technology transfer
Transportation
-Aerospace
-Automotive