U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

Search Publications

NIST Authors in Bold

Displaying 31351 - 31375 of 74165

Optical Microchip Detection of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance

May 4, 2008
Author(s)
M Ledbetter, I Savukov, D Budker, Vishal Shah, Svenja A. Knappe, John Kitching, S Xu, D Michalak, A Pines
We demonstrate optical detection of nuclear magnetic resonance on a microchip. A theoretical optimization indicates detection limits that are competitive with that demonstrated by microcoils in high magnetic fields, without requiring superconducting

Practical performance limits on optical frequency transfer over fiber optic links

May 4, 2008
Author(s)
Paul A. Williams, William C. Swann, Nathan R. Newbury
We present theory and experiment quantifying the limitations to stable transport of optical frequencies over optical fiber. These are fundamental fiber noise, propagation delay, bidirectional propagation and system noise in the measurement interferometers.

Nanotwin formation and its physical properties and effect on reliability of copper interconnects.

May 3, 2008
Author(s)
Di Xu, Vinay Sriram, Vidvuds Ozolins, Jenn-Ming Yang, K. N. Tu, Gery R. Stafford, Carlos R. Beauchamp, Inka Zienert, Holm Geisler, Petra Hofmann, Ehrenfried Zschech
Ultra-fine grained copper with a large amount of nano-scale twin boundaries has high mechanical strength and maintain normal electrical conductivity. The combination of these properties may lead to promising applications in future Si microelectronic

Electromagnetic Airframe Penetration Measurements of the FAA's 737-200

May 2, 2008
Author(s)
Chriss A. Grosvenor, David R. Novotny, Dennis G. Camell, Galen H. Koepke, Robert Johnk, Seturnino Canales
The National Institute of Standards and Technology has completed shielding effectiveness/penetration studies on three different aircraft types for the Federal Aviation Administration. The studies are used to understand the cavity coupling characteristics

Glass-Blown Spherical Microcells for Chip-Scale Atomic Devices

May 2, 2008
Author(s)
E. J. Eklund, A Shkel, Svenja A. Knappe, Elizabeth Donley, John Kitching
This paper presents an application of micro glass blowing, in which multiple glass spheres are simultaneously shaped on top of a silicon wafer and subsequently filled with rubidium. The fabrication process is based on etching cavities in silicon, followed

Humidity Standard of Compressed Hydrogen for Fuel Cell Technology

May 2, 2008
Author(s)
Peter H. Huang
Compressed hydrogen is one of the most important utilities in fuel cell industry. For the specification of hydrogen fuel quality and for the design of humidification equipment, knowledge of the equilibrium water content of hydrogen as a function of

Adjustments to the NIST Realization of the ITS-90 from 5 K to 24.5561 K

May 1, 2008
Author(s)
Weston L. Tew, Christopher W. Meyer
Recent clarifications issued by the Consultative Committee on Thermometry (CCT) for the definitions of the equilibrium hydrogen (e-H2) triple points (TPs) and vapor-pressure points (VPs) have resulted in adjustments to the NIST-disseminated ITS-90 (T90) in

Airtightness and Ventilation in a Manufactured House: Pre-Retrofit Results

May 1, 2008
Author(s)
Steven J. Nabinger, Andrew K. Persily
A retrofit study is being conducted to investigate the airtightness, ventilation and energy impacts of tightening the exterior envelope and the heating and air conditioning system ductwork of a double section manufactured house. etc.

Assessment of ASCE 7 Standard Wind Load Factors for Tall Building Response Estimates

May 1, 2008
Author(s)
Rene D. Gabbai, William P. Fritz, Amelia P. Wright, Emil Simiu
Wind load factors incorporated in the ASCE 7 Standard are based on rough approximations of wind effects and the uncertainties inherent in them. These factors are routinely applied to tall building design, even though the original calculations on which they

Automated Continuous-Flow Gravimetric Hygrometer as a Primary Humidity Standard

May 1, 2008
Author(s)
Christopher W. Meyer, Joseph T. Hodges, R W. Hyland, Gregory E. Scace, J Valencia-Rodriguez, James R. Whetstone
A new primary gravimetric hygrometer has been completed at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). This apparatus determines the humidity in a steadily flowing gas stream by first separating the water from the carrier gas using

Ca Pre-Rinse Greatly Increases Plaque and Plaque Fluid F After a F Rinse

May 1, 2008
Author(s)
Gerald L. Vogel, Gary E. Schumacher, Laurence C. Chow, Shozo Takagi, Clifton M. Carey
This study examines if a Ca pre-rinse/F rinse increased plaque and plaque fluid F relative to the F rinse alone. Subjects (n = 13) accumulated plaque two days before rinsing with: (1) 12 mmol/L F (NaF), (2) 150 mmol/L Ca rinse, (3) the Ca rinse followed by

Designing high electron mobility transistor heterostructures with quantum dots for efficient, number-resolving photon detection

May 1, 2008
Author(s)
Mary A. Rowe, Eric Gansen, M. Greene, Danna Rosenberg, Todd E. Harvey, Mark Su, Robert Hadfield, Sae Woo Nam, Richard P. Mirin
We describe the design of the epitaxial layers for an efficient, photon-number-determining detector that utilizes a layer of self-assembled quantum dots as an optically addressable gate in a field-effect transistor. Our design features a dedicated

Directed Fabrication of Ceramic Nanostructures on Fragile Substrates Using Soft-Electron Beam Lithography (soft-eBL)

May 1, 2008
Author(s)
Suresh Donthu, Nasim Alem, Zixlao Pan, Shu-you Li, Gajendra Shekhawat, Vinayak Dravid, Kurt D. Benkstein, Stephen Semancik
We demonstrate the use of a facile nanopatterning scheme known as soft-electron beam lithography (soft-eBL) to fabricate and site-specifically position a variety of functional ceramic nanostructures onto fragile substrates: a 75-nm thick electron

Firefighting Technology Research at NIST

May 1, 2008
Author(s)
Daniel M. Madrzykowski, Stephen Kerber
During the past year, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has continued work on many projects and started a few new efforts to improve firefighter safety. In addition to the research projects listed below, the Fire Fighting Technology

Gauge Blocks - A Zombie Technology

May 1, 2008
Author(s)
Theodore D. Doiron
Gauge blocks have been the primary method for disseminating length traceability for over 100 years. Their longevity was based on two things: it was relatively inexpensive to deliver very high accuracy to users, and the technical limitation that the range

Methods for Producing Optical Coherent State Superpositions

May 1, 2008
Author(s)
Scott C. Glancy, Hilma M. Vasconcelos
We discuss several methods to produce superpositions of optical coherent states (also known as "cat states"). Cat states have remarkable properties which could allow them to be powerful tools for quantum information processing and metrology. A number of

Mode-selective acoustic spectroscopy of trigonal piezoelectric crystals

May 1, 2008
Author(s)
Ward L. Johnson, Carlos F. Martino, Sudook A. Kim, Paul R. Heyliger
A noncontacting electromagnetic-acoustic-resonance technique is presented for generating and detecting vibrational modes with prescribed symmetries in piezoelectric trigonal crystals with cylindrical geometry. This technique provides the experimental basis

On the Development and Characterization of a Firebrand Generator

May 1, 2008
Author(s)
Samuel L. Manzello, John R. Shields, Thomas G. Cleary, Alexander Maranghides, William E. Mell, Jiann C. Yang, Yoshihiko Hayashi, Daisaku Nii, Tsuyoshi Kurita
A unique experimental apparatus has been constructed in order to generate a controlled and repeatable size and mass distribution of glowing firebrands. The present study reports on a series of experiments conducted in order to characterize the performance
Displaying 31351 - 31375 of 74165
Was this page helpful?