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Displaying 251 - 275 of 870

Structural Calcium (Trypsin, Subtilisin)

February 19, 2017
Author(s)
G L. Gilliland, A Teplyakov
There are about 40 families of serine proteases defined by amino acid sequence similarities that can be further grouped into 7 clans on the basis of their tertiary structure and the order of the catalytic triad. 1 Members of clans SA and SB are

Self-contained, Low Cost Body-on-a-Chip Systems for Drug Development

February 17, 2017
Author(s)
Ying Wang, Oleaga Carlota, Long Christopher, McAleer Christopher, Paula Miller, James J. Hickman, Michael L. Shuler, Mandy B. Esch
Integrated multi-organ microphysiological systems are an evolving tool for preclinical evaluation of the potential toxicity and efficacy of drug candidates. Such systems, also known as “Body-on-a-Chip” devices, have a great potential to increase the

Repair of Oxidatively Induced DNA Damage by DNA Glycosylases

February 16, 2017
Author(s)
M Miral Dizdar, Erdem Coskun, Pawel Jaruga
Endogenous and exogenous reactive species cause oxidatively induced DNA damage in living organisms by a variety of mechanisms. As a result, a plethora of mutagenic and/or cytotoxic products are formed in cellular DNA. This type of DNA damage is repaired by

Cytochrome P450 27A1 Deficiency and Regional Differences in Brain Sterol Metabolism Cause Preferential Cholestanol Accumulation in the Cerebellum

February 11, 2017
Author(s)
Natalia Mast, Kyle Anderson, Joseph Lin, Yong Li, Illarion Turko, Curtis Tatsuoka, Ingemar Bjorkhem, Irina A. Pikuleva
Cytochrome P450 27A1 (CYP27A1 or sterol 27-hydroxylase) is a ubiquitous, multifunctional enzyme catalyzing regio- and stereo-specific hydroxylation of different sterols. In humans, complete CYP27A1 deficiency leads to cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis or

Biophysical Characterization of Functionalized Titania Nanoparticles and Their Application in Dental Adhesives

February 2, 2017
Author(s)
Jirun Sun, Elijah Petersen, Stephanie S. Watson, Christopher Sims, Alexander Kassman, Stanislav Frukhtbeyn, Drago Skrtic, Meryem T. Ok, Deborah Jacobs, Qiang Ye, Bryant C. Nelson
It is demonstrated that carboxylic acid-functionalized titanium dioxide (TiO2) NPs produce significantly higher levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) after visible light irradiation (400-800 nm, 1600 mW/cm2) in comparison to nonfunctionalized TiO2 NPs

Standardization, Calibration, and Control in Flow Cytometry

January 5, 2017
Author(s)
Hao-Wei Wang, Robert A. Hoffman
Standardization, control, and calibration provide different degrees of certainty about the data acquired with an instrument. Each process is aimed at assuring that results from the instrument have the quality required for the intended purpose. The purpose

Oxidatively Induced DNA Damage and Its Repair

December 30, 2016
Author(s)
M Miral Dizdar
Endogenous and exogenous reactive species react with DNA in living organisms by numerous mechanisms and cause oxidatively induced DNA damage with multiple lesions. If not repaired, DNA lesions can cause genetic instability, leading to mutagenesis and cell

Summary of NIST/SIM Chemical Metrology Working Group Training Opportunity: Isotope Dilution-Mass Spectrometry Clinical Measurement Course

December 22, 2016
Author(s)
Jeanita Pritchett, Katrice A. Lippa, Mary Bedner, Carolyn Q. Burdette, Johanna Camara, Brian E. Lang, Michael A. Nelson, Lane C. Sander, Lorna T. Sniegoski
The one week NIST-SIM chemical metrology training opportunity was designed to provide SIM NMI/DI laboratory personnel with in-depth classroom and hands-on laboratory experience for the implementation of isotope dilution/mass spectrometry (ID/MS) methods in

Enhanced Sensitivity of Neil1-/- Mice to Chronic UVB Exposure

December 1, 2016
Author(s)
M Miral Dizdar, Marcus J. Calkins, Vladimir Vartanian, Guldal Kirkali, Amanda K. McCullough, R. S. Lloyd, Pawel Jaruga
DNA base damage induced by oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species (ROS) are thought to be central mediators of ultraviolet light (UV)-induced carcinogenesis and skin aging. However, increased steady-state levels of ROS-induced DNA base damage have

Alterations in eicosanoid composition during embryonic development in the chorioallantoic membrane of the American alligator (Alligator mississippiensis) and domestic chicken (Gallus gallus)

November 1, 2016
Author(s)
John Bowden, Theresa M. Cantu, Jacob Scott, Jimena B. Perez-Viscasillas, Kevin M. Huncik, Matthew P. Guillette, Louis J. Guillette Jr.
Eicosanoids are signaling lipids that regulate several physiological processes in the mammalian placenta, including the initiation of parturition. Though all amniotes construct similar extraembryonic membranes during development, the composition and

Development and Characterization of Reference Materials for Genetic Testing

November 1, 2016
Author(s)
Justin M. Zook, Marc L. Salit, Lisa V. Kalman, Mickey Williams, Vivekananda Datta, Jin-Yeong Han
Characterized reference materials (RM) are needed for test development and validation, quality control procedures and proficiency testing to assure the quality of clinical laboratory tests. In this article, we review the development and characterization of

Integrative and comparative reproductive biology: From alligators to xenobiotics

November 1, 2016
Author(s)
Ashley S. Boggs-Russell, John Bowden, Abby G. Wenzel, Satomi Kohno, Heather J. Hamlin, Lori Cruze, Krista A. McCoy, Alison M. Roark, Thea M. Edwards, Theresa M. Cantu, Jessica A. Cloy-McCoy, Nicole A. McNabb, Cameron E. Williams
Dr. Louis J. Guillette Jr. thought of himself as a reproductive biologist. However, his interest in reproductive biology transcended organ systems, life history stages, species, and environmental contexts. His integrative and collaborative nature led to

Caring: An Undiscovered Super "Ility" of Smart Healthcare

October 28, 2016
Author(s)
Nancy Laplante, Phillip Laplante, Jeff Voas
As new and exciting applications emerge using smart technologies, the Internet of Things, data analytics, and others for healthcare, a critical problem is emerging: the potential loss of "caring." The interplay of technology and caring has been discussed

Enhanced Sensitivity of Neil1-/- Mice to Chronic UVB Exposure

October 28, 2016
Author(s)
Pawel Jaruga, M Miral Dizdar, Marcus J. Calkins, Vladimir Vartanian, Amanda McCullough, R. S. Lloyd, Guldal Kirkali
Oxidative stress and oxidatively induced DNA base damage are central mediators of UV-induced carcinogenesis and skin aging. However, increased steady-state levels of oxidatively induced DNA base damage have not been reported after chronic UV exposure

FINE-TUNING ELECTRICAL FLOW RATE SENSING IN DEFORMABLE CHANNELS

October 9, 2016
Author(s)
Pengfei Niu, Brian J. Nablo, Kiran Bhadriraju, Darwin Reyes-Hernandez
Here we present conclusive proof that when using electrical impedance to measure volumetric flow rate in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microchannels a considerable fraction of the change in impedance, due to change in flow rate, is caused by the variation in

Elevated urinary levels of 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine, (5R)- and (5S)-8,5-cyclo-2- deoxyadenosines, and 8-iso-prostaglandin F2? as potential biomarkers of oxidative stress in patients with prediabetes

September 26, 2016
Author(s)
M Miral Dizdar, Melis Kant, Merve Akis, Mehmet Calan, Tugba Arkan, Firat Bayraktar, Huray Islekel
Prediabetes is the preclinical stage of type 2 diabetes mellitus with intermediate state of hyperglycemia. Hyperglycemia results in a state of oxidative stress and that reactive oxygen species contribute to the production of insulin resistance, β-cell

A medical device-grade T1 and ECV phantom for global T1 mapping quality assurance - The T 1 Mapping and ECV Standardization in cardiovascular magnetic resonance (T1MES) program

September 22, 2016
Author(s)
Gabriella Captur, Peter Gatehouse, Katy Keenan, Friso Heslinga, Ruediger Bruehl, Marcel Prothmann, Martin J. Graves, Richard J. Eames, Camilla Torlasco, Giulia Benedetti, Jacqueline Donovan, Bernd Ittermann, Redha Boubertakh, Andrew Bathgate, Celine Royet, Wenjie Pang, Reza Nezafat, Michael Salerno, Peter Kellman, James C. Moon
Background: T1 mapping and extracellular volume (ECV) have the potential to guide patient care and serve as surrogate end-points in clinical trials, but measurements differ between cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) scanners and pulse sequences. To

After oxidation, zinc nanoparticles lose their ability to enhance responses to odorants

September 20, 2016
Author(s)
Samantha Hagerty, Yasmine C. Daniels, Melissa Singletary, Oleg Pustovyy, Ludmila Globa, William A. MacCrehan, Shinichiro Muramoto, June W. Lau, Edward Morrison, Iryna Sorokulova, Vitaly Vodyanoy, Gheorghe Stan
Electrical responses of olfactory sensory neurons to odorants were examined in the presence of zinc nanoparticles of various sizes and degrees of oxidation. The zinc nanoparticles were prepared by the underwater electrical discharge method and analyzed by
Displaying 251 - 275 of 870
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