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NIST Authors in Bold

Displaying 11851 - 11875 of 13225

Enhancing Sensitivity of Atomic Force Microscopy for Characterization ofSurface Chemical Heterogeneity

February 19, 2017
Author(s)
Xiaohong Gu, Tinh Nguyen, Michael J. Fasolka, Mark R. VanLandingham, Jonathan W. Martin
… microscopy (AFM) has played an increasingly important role in characterizing surface morphology and surface properties … heterogeneity has remained an unfulfilled opportunity in the field of AFM. Chemical force microscopy (CFM) is a … and fabricated at the National Institute of Standards and Technology. The relative humidity in the chamber can be …

Goniometric and hemispherical reflectance and transmittance measurements of fused silica diffusers

October 11, 2016
Author(s)
Paul Lemaillet, Heather Patrick, Thomas Germer, Leonard Hanssen, B. Carol Johnson, Georgi T. Georgiev
… remote sensing instruments, which use light diffusers in reflective and transmissive applications. In this work, we report exploratory measurements of two … provided by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)'s Goniometric Optical Scatter Instrument …

Measuring 10 gram masses in terms of electrical quantities using a LEGO-based Kibble balance

September 1, 2016
Author(s)
Leon S. Chao, Stephan Schlamminger
… In 2018, the International System of Units (SI) is expected … provided by the watt balance (or Kibble balance), invented in 1975 by Dr. Bryan Kibble (1938-2016). Since the advent of … parts in 10^8. At the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), located in the USA, we have developed a …

Structural and Magnetic Depth Profiles of Magneto-Ionic Heterostructures Beyond the Interface Limit

July 22, 2016
Author(s)
Dustin A. Gilbert, Alexander J. Grutter, Elke Arenholz, Kai Liu, Brian J. Kirby, Julie A. Borchers, Brian B. Maranville
… magneto-ionic motion have so far been prominently featured in the direct modification of interface chemical and physical … voltage-driven oxygen migration beyond the interface limit in relatively thick AlO x /GdI x /Co (15 nm) films. Oxygen … a to disrupt long-range ferromagnetic ordering, resulting in an additional magnetically soft phase. X-ray spectroscopy …

Invited Article: MiniTimeCube

June 13, 2016
Author(s)
Hans P. Mumm
… distinguish different types of events and reject noise in real time. The detector is currently deployed and being tested at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) nuclear reactor (20 MWth) in Gaithersburg MD, where it has undergone tests using …

The New SURF Beamline 3

May 18, 2016
Author(s)
Robert E. Vest
… MD campus of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). SURF III is a 380-MeV synchrotron … other calibration and measurement facilities currently in operation within the Ultraviolet Radiation Group. …

Bright focused ion beam sources based on laser-cooled atoms

March 24, 2016
Author(s)
Jabez J. McClelland, Adam V. Steele, Brenton J. Knuffman, Kevin A. Twedt, Andrew D. Schwarzkopf, Truman M. Wilson
… ion beams (FIBs) represent one of the most useful tools in nanotechnology, enabling nanofabrication via milling and … extremely cold temperatures attainable with laser cooling (in the range of 100 µK or below) result in a beam of ions … source. In this review we discuss the context of ion beam technology in which these new ion sources can play a role, …

CFAST Consolidated Model of Fire Growth and Smoke Transport (Version 7) Volume 3: Software Development and Model Evaluation Guide

December 15, 2015
Author(s)
Richard D. Peacock, Paul A. Reneke, Glenn P. Forney
… experimental evaluation of the model. It is based in part on the “Standard Guide for Evaluating the Predictive … measurement. Differences that cannot be explained in terms of numerical errors in the model or uncertainty in … both at the National Institute of Standards and Technology and beyond. This Supplement provides a survey of …

COMPUTATIONAL ENVIRONMENT FOR MODELING AND ENHANCING COMMUNITY RESILIENCE: INTRODUCING THE CENTER FOR RISK-BASED COMMUNITY RESILIENCE PLANNING

December 10, 2015
Author(s)
John W. van de Lindt, Bruce Ellingwood, Therese P. McAllister, Gardoni Paolo, Daniel Cox, Harvey Cutler, Walter G. Peacock
… sectors. The National Institute of Standards and Technology recently awarded a new Center of Excellence … and involves nine additional universities. Research in this Center is focusing on three major research thrusts: … robust data architecture and data management tools in support of NIST-CORE; and (3) performing a comprehensive …

Microcalorimeter Spectroscopy at High Pulse Rates: a Multi-Pulse Fitting Technique

August 24, 2015
Author(s)
Joseph W. Fowler, Bradley K. Alpert, William B. Doriese, Young Il Joe, Galen C. O'Neil, Cherno Jaye, Joel N. Ullom, Daniel A. Fischer, Daniel S. Swetz
… resolution and high photon-collection efficiency. For this technology to reach its full potential in future x-ray observatories, each sensor must be able to … energy resolution work only for photons well isolated in time, a requirement in direct conflict with the need for …

Measuring silver nanoparticle dissolution in complex biological and environmental matrices using UV/visible absorbance measurements

June 3, 2015
Author(s)
Justin Zook, Robert MacCuspie, Stephen E. Long, Elijah Petersen
… This special publication is one in a series stemming from the National Nanotechnology … as one of the essential areas of research needed in order to develop an effective risk assessment and … the environment. The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) was identified as a lead agency in the …

Reliable preparation of nanoparticle agglomerates of different sizes in cell culture media

June 3, 2015
Author(s)
Justin Zook, Robert MacCuspie, John T. Elliott, Elijah Petersen
… This special publication is one in a series stemming from the National Nanotechnology … as one of the essential areas of research needed in order to develop an effective risk assessment and … the environment. The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) was identified as a lead agency in the …

Transportation Effect and Basic Characteristics of Ni-Cr Based Metal-Foil Standard Resistors Examined in a Trilateral Comparison Pilot Study between KRISS, NIST and NMIJ

June 1, 2015
Author(s)
Marlin E. Kraft, Randolph E. Elmquist, Nobu-hisa Kaneko, Wan-Seop Kim, Dong Hun Chae, Takehiko Oe
… and Science, the National Institute of Standards and Technology in USA and the National Metrology Institute of Japan. Two of the resistors have been transported in hand-carried luggage and the other two by normal air … of Ni-Cr Based Metal-Foil Standard Resistors Examined in a Trilateral Comparison Pilot Study between KRISS, NIST …

Design Challenges of the NIST Net Zero Energy Residential Test Facility

March 26, 2015
Author(s)
Betsy Pettit, Cathy Gates, Arthur H. Fanney, William M. Healy
… reduced as much as is feasible. This approach is reflected in the ten general principles for the design of net-zero … energy capable houses that are presented and discussed in the first part of this paper. In the second part of the paper, specific strategies and …

Early observations of macroscopic quantum jumps in single atoms

March 25, 2015
Author(s)
Wayne M. Itano, James C. Bergquist, David J. Wineland
… of the quantum jumps was viewed with skepticism by some in the quantum optics community, perhaps due to the failure … experimental groups, all with single, isolated ions in Paul traps. Some slightly earlier observations of … ion by a group at the National Institute of Standards and Technology, viewed in retrospect, were due to quantum jumps. …

Photon-efficient high-dimensional quantum key distribution

February 4, 2015
Author(s)
Tian Zhong, Hongchao Zhou, Rob Horansky, Catherine Lee, Varun Verma, Adriana Lita, Alessandro Restelli, Joshua Bienfang, Richard Mirin, Thomas Gerrits, Sae Woo Nam, Francesco Marsili, Zhenshen Zhang, Ligong Wang, Dirk Englund, Gregory Wornell, Jeffrey Shapiro, Franco N. Wong
… Quantum key distribution (QKD) is a secure communication technology whose security is guaranteed by the laws of physics. However, its widespread use has been hindered in part by low secure-key throughput due to the inherent loss …

NIST Micronutrients Measurement Quality Assurance Program Winter, Spring, and Fall 1992 Comparability Studies: Results for Round Robins XXIV, XXV, and XXVI Fat-Soluble Vitamins and Carotenoids in Human Serum and Round Robin 3 Ascorbic Acid in Human Serum

December 19, 2014
Author(s)
Jeanice M. Brown Thomas, Neal E. Craft, David L. Duewer, Kline Margaret, Sam A. Margolis, Willie E. May, Katherine E. Sharpless
… The National Institute of Standards and Technology coordinates the Micronutrients Measurement Quality … measure fat- and water-soluble vitamins and carotenoids in human serum and plasma. This report describes the design … 1) Round Robin XXIV Fat-Soluble Vitamins and Carotenoids in Human Serum, 2) Round Robin XXV Fat-Soluble Vitamins and …

NIST Micronutrients Measurement Quality Assurance Program Winter, Spring, and Fall 1993 Comparability Studies: Results for Round Robins XXVII, XXVIII, and XXIX Fat-Soluble Vitamins and Carotenoids in Human Serum and Round Robin 4 Ascorbic Acid in Human Se

December 19, 2014
Author(s)
Jeanice M. Brown Thomas, David L. Duewer, Kline Margaret, Sam A. Margolis, Willie E. May, Katherine E. Sharpless
… The National Institute of Standards and Technology coordinates the Micronutrients Measurement Quality … measure fat- and water-soluble vitamins and carotenoids in human serum and plasma. This report describes the design … 1) Round Robin XXVII Fat-Soluble Vitamins and Carotenoids in Human Serum, 2) Round Robin XXVIII Fat-Soluble Vitamins …

An Equation of State for the Thermodynamic Properties of Cyclohexane

December 5, 2014
Author(s)
Yong Zhou, Jun Liu, Steven Penoncello, Eric Lemmon
… In this work, an equation of state for cyclohexane has been … of density and temperature. Multi-property fitting technology was used to fit the equation of state that … densities up to 10.3 mol dm-3. Overall, the uncertainties in density for the equation of state are 0.1% (liquid and …

Solid State Lighting Annex 2013 Interlaboratory Comparison Final Report

October 9, 2014
Author(s)
Yoshihiro Ohno
… 2013. 55 laboratories from 18 countries participated in this intercomparison for comparing measurements of … quantities of several different types of SSL products. In addition, 35 laboratories' data from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) SSL proficiency testing (PT) program and 21 …

Potential Research Areas in Residential Energy Storage for NISTs Engineering Laboratory

September 25, 2014
Author(s)
Mark A. Kedzierski, William V. Payne, Harrison M. Skye
… residential energy storage will become an important factor in ensuring the stability of the electrical grid; grid … within NIST to demonstrate field performance of new ideas in energy storage technologies such as flywheels, batteries, super capacitors, and superconducting magnets. In addition, EL staff and facilities are well matched to …

Measurement Uncertainties of Three Score Distributions and Two Thresholds with Data Dependency

September 18, 2014
Author(s)
Jin Chu Wu, Alvin F. Martin, Craig S. Greenberg, Raghu N. Kacker
… The National Institute of Standards and Technology conducts an ongoing series of Speaker Recognition … evaluate the performance of speaker recognition systems, in which three distributions of scores, i.e., target, known … I and type II errors corresponding to the two thresholds. In addition, data dependency due to multiple use of the same …

Pulse-bias electronics and techniques for a Josephson arbitrary waveform synthesizer

July 11, 2014
Author(s)
Samuel P. Benz, Steven B. Waltman
… pulses from Josephson junctions were first demonstrated in 1996 [1]. Ten years later, a commercial ac standard was … bias techniques, pulse-drive electronics, and device technology were developed and improved in order to achieve a maximum 138 mV output rms voltage per …
Displaying 11851 - 11875 of 13225
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