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Search Publications

NIST Authors in Bold

Displaying 1526 - 1550 of 2915

Electrical Control of the Spatial Uniformity of Reactive Species in Plasmas

December 1, 1999
Author(s)
Mark A. Sobolewski, Kristen L. Steffens
We report a new method for controlling the spatial distribution of reactive chemical species in a parallel-plate reactor, by means of a variable-impedance load placed between the unpowered electrode and ground. The technique was demonstrated in 89% CF(sub4

Plastic Flip-Chip-BGA Carrier With Microvias for Chip Scale Packaging

June 2, 1998
Author(s)
Jan Obrzut, M Jimarez
We evaluated a near-chip-scale package, that utilizes the flip-chip, plastic-ball-grid-array technology with microvias. The microvias were photolithographically patterned in built-up dielectric layers. We verified optimal conditions for photo-exposure and

Imperfect Surface Order and Functionalization in Vertical Carbon Nanotube Arrays Probed by Near Edge X-ray Absorption Fine Structure Spectroscoy (NEXAFS)

October 12, 2021
Author(s)
T Hemraj-Benny, S Banerjee, S Sambasivan, Daniel A. Fischer, G Eres, Alexander Puretzky, David B. Geohegan, D H. Lowndes, J A. Misewich, S S. Wong
Probing surface order in nanotube systems is of fundamental importance for incorporation of these materials into practical electronic devices. The current study pertains to analysis of the surface orientation of vertically aligned single-walled and multi

Improved Transition Oscillator Probabilities for Laser Transitions in Xe I

October 12, 2021
Author(s)
Abhijit Dasgupta, J P. Apruzes, O Zatsarinny, K Bartschat, Charlotte F. Fischer
The atomic xenon laser is among the most efficient and powerful of thenear-infrared gas lasers, especially when pumped by molecular ions in an Ar-Xemixture. Accurate oscillator strengths for the laser transitions are criticaltodeveloping a fundamental

Investigating Sub-bandgap Spectral Effects in GaInP-on-Ge Solar Cells

August 26, 2021
Author(s)
Brianna Conrad, Behrang Hamadani
There is a fundamental understanding in photovoltaics that sub-bandgap light will not be absorbed in the solar cell and therefore will not affect the power generation. We have shown a novel phenomenon in which sub-bandgap illumination is required for good

Developing Next-generation Brain Sensing Technologies - A Review

July 22, 2019
Author(s)
Jacob T. Robinson, Eric Pohlmeyer, Malte C. Gather, Caleb Kemere, John Kitching, George G. Malliaras, Adam Marblestone, Kenneth L. Shepard, Thomas Stieglitz, Chong Xie
Advances in sensing technology raise the possibility of creating neural interfaces that can more effectively restore or repair neural function and reveal fundamental properties of neural information processing. To realize the potential of these

Harmonization of LC-MS/MS protein assays

September 24, 2018
Author(s)
Alan L. Rockwood, Mark Lowenthal, Cory Bystrom
Harmonization of diagnostic test results is fundamental to the effective use of laboratory testing in the diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of disease. Formal approaches to harmonization and standardization provide a rigorous and high quality Roadmap to

Fabrication of High-Speed and High-Density Single-Flux-Quantum Circuits at NIST

June 11, 2017
Author(s)
David Olaya, Paul Dresselhaus, Pete Hopkins, Samuel P. Benz
The development of a fabrication process for single-flux-quantum (SFQ) digital circuits is a fundamental part of the NIST effort to develop a gigahertz waveform synthesizer with quantum voltage accuracy. This paper describes the current SFQ fabrication

Mid-infrared molecular spectroscopy in the quantum noise limit

March 31, 2016
Author(s)
David A. Long, Adam J. Fleisher, Qingnan Liu, Joseph T. Hodges
A cavity ring-down spectrometer was used to reach the quantum noise limit in the mid-infrared spectral region. Quantum noise was observed not only in the individual ring-down decay events but also in the corresponding ensemble statistics with a magnitude

Archaeal DNA replication

November 3, 2014
Author(s)
Zvi Kelman, Lori M. Kelman
DNA replication is an essential process for all life forms. While the process is fundamentally conserved in the three domains of life, bioinformatics, biochemical, structural and genetic studies have demonstrated that the process and the proteins involved

Dielectrofluidics for Electronic-Based Chemical and Particle Analysis

August 18, 2014
Author(s)
James C. Booth, Spencer T. Egan, Charles A. Little, A Padilla, Yu Y. Wang, Nathan D. Orloff
The interactions of electromagnetic fields with matter are described by means of the polarization and magnetization of the material under study. Analogous to the way that magnetofluidics seeks to exploit magnetic interactions for sensing and manipulating

A Two-Port Model for Antennas in an Arbitrary Environment

May 1, 2014
Author(s)
Jason B. Coder, John M. Ladbury, Mark Golkowski
We present an improved model for characterizing fundamental antenna parameters based on the concept of a passive realizable two-port network. The proposed model is consistent with circuit theory based approaches and allows for quantitative description and

Controlling Atomic Interactions with Light

December 1, 2012
Author(s)
Ross A. Williams, Lindsay J. LeBlanc, Karina K. Jimenez Garcia, Matthew C. Beeler, Abigail R. Perry, William D. Phillips, Ian B. Spielman
For the majority of the 20th century atomic physicists used light to probe and understand atoms. Today, scientists use light to manipulate particles with unprecedented levels of control, routinely cooling atoms to a few billionths of a degree above

Guidelines for Access Control System Evaluation Metrics

September 14, 2012
Author(s)
Chung Tong Hu, Karen Scarfone
The purpose of this document is to provide Federal agencies with background information on access control (AC) properties, and to help access control experts improve their evaluation of the highest security AC systems. This document discusses the

Probing interactions between ultracold fermions

April 17, 2009
Author(s)
G K. Campbell, M M. Boyd, J W. Thomsen, M J. Martin, S Blatt, M D. Swallows, Travis L. Nicholson, Tara Fortier, Christopher W. Oates, Scott Diddams, Nathan D. Lemke, Pascal Naidon, Paul S. Julienne, Jun Ye, Andrew Ludlow
At ultracold temperatures, the Pauli exclusion principle suppresses collisions between identical fermions. This has motivated the development of atomic clocks using fermionic isotopes. However, by probing an optical clock transition with thousands of

Evaluation of a Portable Hyperspectral Imager for Medical Imaging Applications

October 2, 2007
Author(s)
David W. Allen, Maritoni A. Litorja, Steven W. Brown, Joseph P. Rice, Yuqin Zong
Portable hyperspectral imagers are becoming commonly available as a commercial product. A liquid crystal tunable filter based CCD imager was evaluated and characterized for spectral stray light using a tunable laser facility. The hyperspectral imager is

Manufacturing Information Integration in Product Lifecycle Management (PLM)

August 1, 2004
Author(s)
Guixiu Qiao, Charles R. McLean
The research on manufacturing information integration in PLM calls for a new fundamental information technology to enable adaptive information representation and exchange between manufacturing applications. Four major problems are studied, including

Toward Heisenberg-Limited Spectroscopy with Multiparticle Entangled States

January 1, 2004
Author(s)
Dietrich G. Leibfried, Murray D. Barrett, T Schaetz, Joseph W. Britton, J Chiaverini, Wayne M. Itano, John D. Jost, Christopher Langer, David J. Wineland
The precision in spectroscopy of any quantum system is fundamentally limited by the Heisenberg uncertainty relation for energy and time. For N systems, this limit requires that they be in a quantum-mechanically entangled state. We describe a scalable
Displaying 1526 - 1550 of 2915
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