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Physics

Optical physics and communications

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Displaying 376 - 400 of 853

Correction of an adding-doubling inversion algorithm for the measurement of the optical parameters of turbid media

January 1, 2018
Author(s)
Paul Lemaillet, Catherine C. Cooksey, Jeeseong Hwang, Heidrun Wabnitz, Dirk Grosenick, Lin Yang, David W. Allen
We present broadband measurements of the optical properties of tissue-mimicking solid phantoms using a single integrating sphere to measure the hemispherical reflectance and transmittance under a direct illumination at the normal incident angle. These

Rydberg Atom Electric-Field Metrology

November 28, 2017
Author(s)
Joshua A. Gordon, Christopher L. Holloway, Matthew T. Simons
We present a technique which shows great promise for realizing an atomic standard measurement of RF fields that is intrinsically calibrated, directly linked to the SI and atomic structural constants. This technique relies on the reponse of Rydberg atoms to

Plasma nanotexturing of silicon surfaces for photovoltaics applications: Influence of initial surface finish on the evolution of topographical and optical properties

November 27, 2017
Author(s)
Guillaume Fischer, Etienne Drahi, Martin Foldyna, Thomas Germer, Erik V. Johnson
Using a plasma to generate a surface texture with feature sizes on the order of nanometers ("nanotexturing") is a promising technique being considered for application in thin, high- efficiency crystalline silicon solar cells. This study investigates the

Perspectives for a new realization of the pascal by optical methods

October 24, 2017
Author(s)
Jay H. Hendricks, Karl Jousten, Jack A. Stone Jr., Patrick F. Egan, Tom Rubin, Christof Gaiser, Rene Schodel, James A. Fedchak, Jacob E. Ricker, Jens Fluegge, Stephen P. Eckel, Julia K. Scherschligt, Daniel S. Barker, Kevin O. Douglass, Gregory F. Strouse, Uwe Sterr, Waldimir Sabuga
Since the beginning of measurement of pressure in the 17th century, the unit of pressure has been defined by the relationship of force per unit area. The present state of optical technology now offers the possibility of using a thermodynamic definition

Surface plasmon polariton laser based on a metallic trench Fabry-Perot resonator

October 6, 2017
Author(s)
Wenqi Zhu, Ting Xu, Haozhu Wang, Cheng Zhang, Parag B. Deotare, Amit K. Agrawal, Henri J. Lezec
Recent years have witnessed growing interest in the development of lasers with small footprint for their potential applications in small-volume sensing and on-chip optical communications. Surface-plasmons – electromagnetic modes evanescently confined to

All-silicon light-emitting diodes waveguide-integrated with superconducting single-photon detectors

October 2, 2017
Author(s)
Sonia M. Buckley, Jeffrey T. Chiles, Adam N. McCaughan, Galan Moody, Kevin L. Silverman, Martin J. Stevens, Richard P. Mirin, Sae Woo Nam, Jeffrey M. Shainline
An on-chip, silicon-compatible light source has long been pursued for telecommunications, with limited success. However, for integrated systems utilizing superconducting detectors, cryogenic operation is already required. This allows these systems to

Report for Dedicated JPSS VIIRS Ocean Color Calibration/Validation Cruise October 2016

October 2, 2017
Author(s)
Michael Ondrusek, Veronica P. Lance, Menghua Wang, Charles Kovach, Wesley Goode, Alex Gilerson, Sam Ahmed, Ahmed El-Habashi, Robert Foster, Matteo Ottaviani, Joaquim I. Goes, Helga de Rosario Gomes, Kali McKee, Joo Won Kang, Chuanmin Hu, Jennifer Cannizzaro, Shaojie Sun, David English, B. Carol Johnson, Zhongping Lee, Junfang Lin, Nicholas Tufillaro, Ivan Lalovic, Jasmine Nahorniak, Curtiss Davis, Mike Twardowski, Nicole Stockley, Kenneth Voss
The overall aim of the annual National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) dedicated Joint Polar Satellite System (JPSS) Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) ocean color calibration/validation (cal/val) cruises is to support

Temperature dependence of nonlinearity in high-speed, high-power photodetectors

September 30, 2017
Author(s)
Josue Davila-Rodriguez, Holly Leopardi, Tara Fortier, Xiaojun Xie, Joe C. Campbell, James Booth, Nate Orloff, Scott Diddams, Franklyn Quinlan
We present an experimental study of the nonlinearity of modified uni-traveling carrier (MUTC) photodiodes at cryogenic temperatures. At 120 K, the amplitudeto-phase (AM-to-PM) conversion nonlinearity is reduced by up to 10 dB, resulting in nearly 40 dB AM

Local measurements of photocurrent and band gap in CdTe solar cells

September 25, 2017
Author(s)
Yohan Yoon, Jungseok Chae, Aaron M. Katzenmeyer, Heayoung Yoon, Joshua D. Schumacher, Sang M. An, Andrea Centrone, Nikolai B. Zhitenev
Polycrystalline thin film technology has shown great promise for low cost, high efficiency photovoltaics. To further increase the power efficiency, a firm understanding of microstructural properties of the devices is required. In this work, we investigate

Ultrafast Laser Eyewear Protection: Measurements and Precautions

September 25, 2017
Author(s)
Christopher J. Stromberg, Joshua A. Hadler, Brian Alberding, Edwin J. Heilweil
Ultrafast laser systems are becoming more widespread throughout the research and industrial communities yet eye protection for these high power, bright pulsed sources still require scrupulous characterization and testing before use. Femtosecond lasers

Bound Electron Nonlinearity Beyond the Ionization Threshold

September 18, 2017
Author(s)
Jared K. Wahlstrand, Sina Zahedpour, H M. Milchberg
Using supercontinuum spectral interferometry, we measure the ionization induced optical phase shift in three noble gases and nitrogen and oxygen. Results largely support the standard model of filamentation.

Electromagnetic Scattering from Individual Crumpled Graphene Flakes: A Characteristic Modes Approach

September 14, 2017
Author(s)
Edward J. Garboczi, Jack F. Douglas, Luis Fernando Vargas Lara, Ahmed M. Hassan, Deb Chatterjee, Kalyan Durbhakula, Md Gaffar
Graphene flakes in real composites are rarely perfectly flat, and often exhibit complicated crumpled shapes. Therefore, the goal of this work was to quantify the electromagnetic scattering characteristics of individual crumpled graphene flakes with shapes

ESTABLISHING BRDF CALIBRATION CAPABILITIES THROUGH SHORTWAVE INFRARED

September 5, 2017
Author(s)
Catherine C. Cooksey, Georgi T. Georgiev, James Butler, Kurtis J. Thome, Leibo Ding
Satellite instruments operating in the reflective solar wavelength region require accurate and precise determination of the Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Functions (BRDFs) of the laboratory and flight diffusers used in their pre-flight and on

Optical spin transfer and spin-orbit torques in thin-film ferromagnets

August 30, 2017
Author(s)
Junwen Li, Paul M. Haney
We study the optically induced torques on thin film ferromagnetic layers under excitation by circularly polarized light. We include Rashba spin-orbit coupling and assume an out-of-plane magnetization, and consider incident light with an in-plane component

Towards integrated superconducting detectors on lithium niobate waveguides

August 29, 2017
Author(s)
Jan P. Hoepker, Moritz Bartnick, Evan Meyer-Scott, Frederik Thiele, Stephan Krapick, Nicola Montaut, Matteo Santandrea, Harald Herrmann, Sebastian Lengeling, Raimund Ricken, Victor Quiring, Torsten Meier, Adriana Lita, Varun Verma, Thomas Gerrits, Sae Woo Nam, Christine Silberhorn, Tim J. Bartley
Superconducting detectors are now well-established tools for low-light optics, and in particular quantum optics, boasting high-efficiency, fast response and low noise. Similarly, lithium niobate is an important platform for integrated optics given its

A Photonic MEMS Accelerometer with a Low-Finesse Hemispherical Microcavity Readout

August 13, 2017
Author(s)
Yiliang Bao, Feng Zhou, Thomas W. LeBrun, Jason J. Gorman
This paper describes the design, fabrication, and testing of a photonic MEMS accelerometer that uses a hemispherical microcavity to transduce the motion of the proof mass. The cavity design provides stable operation that is relatively tolerant of
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