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Metrology

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Displaying 1451 - 1475 of 2718

Neutron Depth Profiling Technique for Studying Aging in Li-ion Batteries

February 15, 2011
Author(s)
Robert G. Downing
During operation of a Li-ion cell, lithium diffuses in and out of the solid phase anode and cathode. Measuring the lithium transport within the cell over its operational life could provide key information for understanding the loss of active lithium and

Manipulation of adhesion via sub-surface patterning

February 13, 2011
Author(s)
John A. Howarter, Peter M. Johnson, Jun Y. Chung, Christopher Stafford
The delamination characteristics of patterned and hierarchical interfaces are of great interest due to the advanced adhesion capabilities found with many biological surfaces. Using nature-inspired design principles, micro- and nanostrucutred surfaces have

Co-X Panel Discussion

February 4, 2011
Author(s)
Elena R. Messina, Brian A. Weiss, Rajmohan Madhavan
Robots as co-protectors, co-inhabitants, co-workers, co-integrants, or more generically, "Co-X" will improve effectiveness, efficiency, safety, security, and improve quality of life in the coming years. In-keeping with the theme of PerMIS'10, which

Mixed Pallet Stacking: An Overview and Summary of the 2010 PerMIS Special Session

February 4, 2011
Author(s)
Stephen B. Balakirsky, Henrik I. Christensen, Thomas R. Kramer, Pushkar Kolhe, Frederick M. Proctor
Stacking boxes of various sizes and contents on pallets (i.e. making mixed pallets) is a primary method of preparing goods for shipment from a warehouse to a store or other distant site. A special session of the 2010 PERMIS workshop was held to examine

Passive Intermodulation due to Self-Heating in Printed Transmission Lines*

February 2, 2011
Author(s)
Eduard Rocas, Juan C. Collado Gomez, Nathan D. Orloff, Jordi Mateu, James C. Booth, Juan M. O'Callaghan, Alberto Padilla
Abstract—This article proposes a mechanism by which third-order intermodulation distortion due to self-heating is generated in transmission lines. The work shows how transmission lines made of several materials whose properties are independent of the

Development of Ultrasmall-Angle X-ray Scattering - X-ray Photon Correlation Spectroscopy

February 1, 2011
Author(s)
Fan Zhang, Andrew J. Allen, Lyle E. Levine, Jan Ilavsky, Gabrielle G. Long, Anthony M. Santana
In this paper, we present the development of ultrasmall-angle X-ray scattering - X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy (USAXS-XPCS). This technique takes advantage of Bonse-Hart crystal optics and is capable of probing the slow equilibrium and

Train the Trainer: Did they Learn? Who Cares?

January 31, 2011
Author(s)
Georgia L. Harris
As metrologists, we think we are good (even expert) at measurements. But, our subject matter expertise is most often in the world of science, and not necessarily in the world of education. There are a number of aspects of measuring training that we could

Present Estimates of the Differences Between Thermodynamic Temperatures and the ITS-90

January 29, 2011
Author(s)
Joachim Fischer, M. DePodesta, K. D. Hill, Michael R. Moldover, Laurent Pitre, R. Rusby, Peter Steur, Osamu Tamura, R. White, L. Wolber
In 2005, the Consultative Committee for Thermometry (CCT) recommended the creation of a Mise en pratique for the definition of the kelvin and envisioned that future versions of the Mise en pratique would recommend values of the differences between

Changing Optical Axis Due To Reactor Operation

January 12, 2011
Author(s)
Daniel S. Hussey, David L. Jacobson, Elias M. Baltic
During reactor operation, the neutron flux distribution is modified by the reactor control mechanisms, in the case of the reactor at the National Institute of Standards and Technology, this is determined by the angular position of the Cd shim arms and the

Defining Common Reference Channels for Geostationary Infrared Imagers

December 31, 2010
Author(s)
Tim Hewison, Ruediger Kessel
This article follows up the theoretical considerations presented above with an example applied to the infrared channels of geostationary imagers. The uncertainties, u(deltaLr), introduced by the process of spectral conversion to Common Reference Channels

High Temperature Seebeck Coefficient Metrology

December 22, 2010
Author(s)
Joshua B. Martin, Terry M. Tritt, Winnie K. Wong-Ng, Ctirad Uher
We present an overview of the challenges and practices of thermoelectric metrology at high temperature (300 K-1300 K). The Seebeck coefficient, when combined with thermal and electrical conductivity, is a useful property measurement for evaluating the

Combined scanning probe and light scattering characterization of multi-stage self-assembly of targeted liposome-based delivery systems

December 21, 2010
Author(s)
Natalia Farkas, John A. Dagata, Chengli Yang, Antonina Rait, Kathleen Pirollo, Esther Chang
The mean size and size distribution of a targeted nanoparticle delivery system (NDS) strongly influences the intrinsic stability and functionality of this molecular complex, affects its performance as a systemic drug delivery platform, and ultimately

Scanning Probe Microscope Dimensional Metrology at NIST

December 21, 2010
Author(s)
John A. Kramar, Ronald G. Dixson, Ndubuisi G. Orji
Scanning probe microscopy (SPM) dimensional metrology efforts at the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology are reviewed. The main SPM instruments for realizing the International System of Units (SI) are the Molecular Measuring Machine, the

Benchmarks, Performance Evaluation and Contests for 3D Shape Retrieval

December 20, 2010
Author(s)
Afzal A. Godil, Zhouhui Lian, Helin Dutagaci
Benchmarking of 3D Shape retrieval allows developers and researchers to compare the strengths of different algorithms on a standard dataset. Here we discuss the different steps involved in developing a benchmark and some of the issues involved. We then

Common Reference Channels for Metrological Comparability

December 20, 2010
Author(s)
Ruediger Kessel, Tim Hewison
In this article we discuss the effect of the choice of reference during calibration on later use of the calibrated results, and how a reference should be chosen to support later use of the data. Starting from the concept of metrological comparability we
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