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Materials

Ceramics

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Displaying 1001 - 1025 of 1323

Total-Energy-Based Structure Prediction for Decagonal Al-Ni-Co

February 11, 2002
Author(s)
M Mihalkovic, I Al-Lehyani, Eric J. Cockayne, C L. Henley, N Moghadam, J A. Moriarty, Yijun Wang, M Widom
Quasicrystals are metal alloys whose noncrystallographic symmetry and lack of structural periodicity challenge methods of both experimental structure determination and theoretical structural prediction. Here we employ total energy calculations and Monte

Molecular Basis of Lubrication

February 1, 2002
Author(s)
Stephen M. Hsu
Lubrication is an art that has been practiced for thousands of years from the early days of our human civilization. The study of lubricatin as a science began in the 17th century with the development of bearings and axles. In the early 20th century, the

NIST Property Data Summaries Titanium Diboride (TiB 2 )

February 1, 2002
Author(s)
R G. Munro
Nearly fully dense polycrystalline TiB 2 can be produced by a variety of processing methods, including sintering, hot pressing, hot isostatic pressing, microwave sintering, and dynamic compaction. The relatively strong covalent bonding of the constituents

Towards Near Perfect Crystals With Only Well-Characterized Imperfections

February 1, 2002
Author(s)
H S. Peiser
Throughout the past century NBS/NIST supported a great variety of research studies in crystallography where the aim was the highest attainable accuracy in measurement. While avoiding overlap with other papers in this volume, this article summarizes results

Crack Growth in Sapphire

January 1, 2002
Author(s)
Sheldon M. Wiederhorn, Ralph Krause
Crack growth was studied in sapphire on both the m-plane and the r-plane (rhombohedral twin plane). Crack growth on the m-plane fit a power law function of stress intensity factor and an Arrhenius function of temperature. Crack growth on r-plane double

Formation of SEI on Cycled Lithium-Ion Battery Cathodes: Soft X-ray Absorption Study

January 1, 2002
Author(s)
Mahalingam Balasubramanian, H S. Lee, X Sun, Xiao-Qing Yang, A R. Moodenbaugh, James McBreen, Daniel A. Fischer, Ziwen Fu
The formation of a solid electrolyte interface (SEI) on LiNi 0.85Co 0.15O 2 cathodes from lithium-ion cells cycled at 40EC and 70EC was observed and characterized using soft x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). XAS measurements were made in the energy

Neutron Irradiation of Sapphire for Compressive Strengthening; II. Physical Properties

January 1, 2002
Author(s)
T M. Regan, D C. Harris, D W. Blodgett, K C. Baldwin, J A. Miragliotta, M E. Thomas, M J. Linevsky, J W. Giles, T A. Kennedy, M Fatemi, David R. Black, P D. Lagerl f
Irradiation of sapphire with fast neutrons (0.8-10 MeV) at a fluence of 1022/m2 increases thec-axis compressive strength and the c-plane biaxial flexure strength at 600 C by a factor of 2.5. Both effects are attributed to inhibition of r-plane twin

Non-Cavitational Tensile Creep in Lu-Doped Silicon Nitride

January 1, 2002
Author(s)
F Lofaj, Sheldon M. Wiederhorn, Gabrielle G. Long, B Hockey, P R. Jemian, L Browder, April Andreas
The tensile creep behavior of a Lu-based silicon nitride, SN 281, was studied in the temperature range 1400 C to 1550 C with test periods of up to 10 000 h. Strain rates were 3 to 5 orders of magnitude less than those for Yb-based grades of silicon nitride

Phase Relationships and Phase Formation in the System BaF 2 -BaO-Y 2 O 3 -CuO x -H 2 O

January 1, 2002
Author(s)
Winnie K. Wong-Ng, Lawrence P. Cook, J Suh, Igor Levin, Mark D. Vaudin, Ron Feenstra, James P. Cline
The interplay of melting equilibria and reaction kinetics is important during formation of the Ba2YCu3O6+x (Y-213) phase from starting materials in the quaternary reciprocal system Ba,Y,Cu//O,F. For experimental investigation of the process we are using a

The Fracture Toughness Round Robins in VAMAS: What We Have Learned

January 1, 2002
Author(s)
George D. Quinn
Over the last thirteen years the Versailles Advanced Materials and Standards (VAMAS) project has conducted five full fledged, international round robins on ceramic fracture toughness characterization. As many as forty laboratories have done thousands of

Thermal Shock Resistance of Silicon Nitrides Using an Indentation-Quench Test

January 1, 2002
Author(s)
S K. Lee, J D. Moretti, Brian R. Lawn
The thermal shock resistance of silicon nitrides is investigated using an indentation-quench procedure. Four grades of commercially available silicon nitrides with different microstructures are investigated. The extension of Vickers radial cracks is

Unexpected Ground State Structures in Relaxor Ferroelectrics

January 1, 2002
Author(s)
Benjamin P. Burton, Eric J. Cockayne
Cluster expansion Hamiltonians derived from pseudopotential total energies were used to predict ground-state (GS) cation configurations for some A(B^{3+}1⁄2B'^{5+}1⁄2)O3, A(B^{2+}{1/3}B'^{5+}{2/3})O3 , and [A^{1+}1⁄2A'^{3+}1⁄2]BO3 perovskites. Predicted GS

Crystal Chemistry and Phase Equilibria of Selected SrO- R 2 O 3 -CuO x and Related Systems, R=Lanthanides and Yttrium

December 1, 2001
Author(s)
Winnie K. Wong-Ng, Qingzhen Huang, Igor Levin, James A. Kaduk, J Dillingham, T J. Haugan, J Suh, Lawrence P. Cook
This paper investigates and reviews the trend of phase formation and crystal chemistry of selected series of compounds in SrO- R 2O 3-CuO x and related systems. Including in this discussion are (Ba,Sr) 2RCu 3O 6+x, where M = selected representative and

Crystallographic Texture in Ceramics and Metals

December 1, 2001
Author(s)
Mark D. Vaudin
Preferred crystallographic orientation, or texture, occurs almost universally, both in natural and man-made systems. Many components and devices in electronic and magnetic systems are fabricated from materials that have crystallographic texture. The
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