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Health

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Displaying 551 - 575 of 848

Predicting Segmentation Accuracy for Biological Cell Images

December 15, 2010
Author(s)
Adele P. Peskin, Alden A. Dima, Joe Chalfoun, John T. Elliott
We have performed segmentation procedures on a large number of images from two mammalian cell lines that were seeded at low density, in order to study trends in the segmentation results and make predictions about cellular features that affect segmentation

Predicting Segmentation Accuracy for Biological Cell Images

November 29, 2010
Author(s)
Adele P. Peskin, Alden A. Dima, Joe Chalfoun
We have performed image segmentations on a very large number of images, using a wide variety of imaging conditions and cell lines, in order to study trends in the segmentation results and make predictions about segmentation accuracy. Comparing results from

A Human Inspired Local Ratio-Based Algorithm for Edge Detection in Fluorescent Cell Images

November 25, 2010
Author(s)
Adele P. Peskin, Joe Chalfoun, Alden A. Dima, John T. Elliott, James J. Filliben
We have developed a new semi-automated method for segmenting images of biological cells seeded at low density on tissue culture substrates, which we use to improve the generation of reference data for the evaluation of automated segmentation algorithms

Effect of 3D Hydrogel Scaffold Stiffness on Human Bone Marrow Stromal Cell Differentiation

November 1, 2010
Author(s)
Carl G. Simon Jr., Sapun Parekh, Marcus T. Cicerone, Sheng Lin-Gibson, Kaushik Chatterjee, Marian F. Young
There is growing recognition cells can sense and respond to the mechanical properties of tissue scaffolds and that these interactions are critical in optimizing scaffold design [1-4]. Previous studies in planar 2D culture format have shown that human bone

An Advanced Patient Lift and Transfer Device for the Home

October 29, 2010
Author(s)
Roger V. Bostelman, Ji-Chul Ryu, Tommy Chang, Joshua Johnson, S K. Agrawal
The Home Lift, Position and Rehabilitation (HLPR) Chair has a unique design and novel capabilities when compared to conventional powered wheelchairs. In addition to mobility, it provides lift and can transfer patients. Even though medical devices are

International Comparability in Circular Dichroism: II

October 4, 2010
Author(s)
Curtis W. Meuse, Jascindra Ravi, Paulina Rakowska, Tommaso Garfagnini, Alex E. Knight, Philippe Charlet, Julie D. Lorenz, Christopher Jones, David F. Plusquellic, Frank Wien, Liqing Wu
A previous inter-laboratory study, CCQM P59, showed that there was a poor level of comparability between laboratories in circular dichroism spectroscopy. In a follow-up study reported here, we achieved our goal of demonstrating improved comparability and

Nanoslinky: DNA Entropophoresis Down a Nanofluidic Staircase

October 4, 2010
Author(s)
Elizabeth A. Strychalski, Laurie E. Locascio, Samuel M. Stavis, Michael Gaitan
Almost all nanofluidic devices for biopolymer analysis have been limited by one or two confining structural dimen-sions or the application of external forces for biopolymer manipulation, which has restricted the scope of related lab-on-a-chip technology

Predicting Microstructure Development During Casting of Drug Eluting Coatings

September 19, 2010
Author(s)
David M. Saylor, Jonathan E. Guyer, Daniel Wheeler, James A. Warren
We have devised a novel diffuse interface formulation to model the development of chem- ical and physical inhomogeneities, i.e. microstructure, during the process of casting drug eluting coatings. These inhomogeneities, which depend on the coating

Microfluidic Based Contactless DielectrophoreticDevice: Modeling and Analysis

September 1, 2010
Author(s)
Saugandhika Minnikanti, Darwin Reyes-Hernandez, Ruben C. Aguilar, Joseph Pancrazio, Michael Gaitan, Nathalia Peixoto
While there have been many attempts at patterning cells onto substrates, a reliable method for trapping cell clusters and forming cell arrays in a predefined geometry remains to be demonstrated. We intend to develop a multielectrode array platform to

Characterization of gold nanoparticles modified with single-stranded DNA using analytical ultracentrifugation and dynamic light scattering

August 3, 2010
Author(s)
James Falabella, Tae Joon Cho, Dean C. Ripple, Vincent A. Hackley, Michael J. Tarlov
We report the characterization of gold nanoparticles modified with thiol-terminated single stranded DNA using analytical ultracentrifugation and dynamic light scattering. Sedimentation coefficients of nominally 10 and 20 nm diameter gold nanoparticles

Preparation and Characterization of Standard Reference Material 1849 Infant/Adult Nutritional Formula

July 1, 2010
Author(s)
Katherine E. Sharpless, Richard M. Lindstrom, Bryant C. Nelson, Karen W. Phinney, Catherine A. Rimmer, Lane C. Sander, Michele M. Schantz, Rabia Oflaz, Jeanice M. Brown Thomas, Gregory C. Turk, Stephen A. Wise, Laura J. Wood, James H. Yen
Standard Reference Material (SRM) 1849 Infant/Adult Nutritional Formula has been issued by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) as a replacement for SRM 1846 Infant Formula, which was issued in 1996. Extraction characteristics of SRM

Quantum Dot FRET Sensor for Enzymatic Activity in Microfluidic Device

June 22, 2010
Author(s)
Georgeta Crivat, Sandra M. Da Silva, Darwin Reyes-Hernandez, Samuel Forry, Laurie E. Locascio, Michael Gaitan, Nitsa Rosenzweig, Zeev Rosenzweig
This paper describes the development of new fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based quantum dot probes for proteolytic activity. The CdSe/ZnS quantum dots are incorporated into a thin polymeric film, which is prepared by layer-by-layer

FRACTURE OF TOOTH ENAMEL FROM INCIPIENT MICROSTRUCTURAL DEFECTS

June 14, 2010
Author(s)
H Chai, James J. Lee, Brian R. Lawn
We present definitive evidence for crack growth from internal defects called 'tufts' in human enamel. Side walls of slices sawn from extracted human teeth are observed during loading to 'failure'. 'Longitudinal' and 'transverse' slices (parallel and normal

Solutions for Determining Equibiaxial Substrate Strain for Dynamic Cell Culture

May 2, 2010
Author(s)
Martin Y. Chiang, Tianle Cheng, Lisa Pakstis, Joy P. Dunkers
Empirical and analytical solutions are derived in this study to determine the equibiaxial strain on a flexible substrate upon which the cells can be cultured. The empirical formula is based on the mechanistic constraint and a regression analysis of results

Prediction of Collagen and Glycosaminoglycan Content by Acoustic Microscopy

April 21, 2010
Author(s)
Jenni R. Popp, Colm Flannery, Tammy L. Oreskovic, Jennifer Recknor, Kristi S. Anseth, Timothy P. Quinn
Functional tissue engineering of articular cartilage is rapidly advancing as a technique to develop regenerative and reparative treatments for cartilage degeneration and osteoarthritis. Tissue engineered constructs are often developed using a combination

RECIST vs. Volume Measurement in Medical CT Using Ellipsoids of Known Size

April 12, 2010
Author(s)
Zachary H. Levine, Bruce R. Borchardt, Nolan J. Brandenburg, Charles W. Clark, Balasubramanian Muralikrishnan, Craig M. Shakarji, Joseph J. Chen, Eliot L. Siegel
(a) Purpose: We wanted to test the extent to which two common methods of determining the sizes of tumors would perform when compared to a statistically significant number of well-characterized reference objects. The size of the objects was chosen to

Teeth: Among Nature's Most Durable Biocomposites

April 6, 2010
Author(s)
Brian R. Lawn, James J. Lee, H Chai
This paper addresses the durability of natural teeth from a materials perspective. Teeth are depicted as 'smart' biocomposites, highly resistant to cumulative deformation and fracture. Favorable morphological features of teeth at both macroscopic and
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