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Energy

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Displaying 451 - 475 of 571

A Methodology to Evaluate Wireless Technologies for the Smart Grid

October 4, 2010
Author(s)
Michael R. Souryal, Camillo A. Gentile, David W. Griffith, David E. Cypher, Nada T. Golmie
This paper presents a methodology for assessing the suitability of various wireless technologies for meeting the communication requirements of Smart Grid applications. It describes an approach for translating application requirements to link traffic

Phase Equilibria of the Ba-Sm-Y-Cu-O System for Coated Conductor Applications

September 8, 2010
Author(s)
Winnie K. Wong-Ng, Guangyao Liu, Zhi Yang, James A. Kaduk, Lawrence P. Cook
The complex phase relationships near the BaO-poor region of the quaternary Ba-Sm-Y-Cu-O oxide system prepared in pure air (pO2 = 22 kPa, 950 ºC) and in 0.1% O2 (pO2=100 Pa, 810 ºC) have been determined. This investigation also included the subsolidus

NIST COORDINATION OF SMART GRID INTEROPERABILITY STANDARDS

August 9, 2010
Author(s)
David A. Wollman, Gerald FitzPatrick, Paul A. Boynton, Thomas L. Nelson
The National Institute of Standards and Technology has efforts underway to accelerate the development of interoperability standards to support the future modernized "Smart Grid" electric grid or energy delivery network characterized by a two-way flow of

Application of Microwave Scanning Probes to Photovoltaic Materials

June 20, 2010
Author(s)
Kristine A. Bertness, John B. Schlager, Norman A. Sanford, Atif A. Imtiaz, Thomas M. Wallis, Joel C. Weber, Pavel Kabos, Lorelle M. Mansfield
We demonstrate that near field scanning microwave microscopy (NSMM) can be used to detect photoresponse in photovoltaic materials with potential for submicrometer resolution. In this approach, a radio-frequency scanning tunneling microscopy (RF-STM) tip is

Space charge limited current effects in silicon at high injection levels

June 20, 2010
Author(s)
Ari D. Feldman, Richard K. Ahrenkiel
The space charge limited current (SCLC) effect will be analyzed in undoped crystalline silicon wafers at high injection levels. Space charge limited currents develop when the electric field from the injected carriers exceeds that of the background doping

Origin of Nanoscale Variations in Photoresponse of an Organic Solar Cell

April 22, 2010
Author(s)
Behrang H. Hamadani, Suyong S. Jung, Paul M. Haney, Lee J. Richter, Nikolai B. Zhitenev
Photo generated charge transport in bulk heterojunction (BHJ) solar cells is strongly dependent on the active layer nanomorphology resulting from phase segregation and connectivity of the donor and acceptor regions. Scanning probe-based techniques and in

Kinetics of the Thermal Reaction of H Atoms with Propyne

April 15, 2010
Author(s)
Claudette M. Rosado-Reyes, Jeffrey A. Manion, Wing Tsang
The reaction of hydrogen atoms with propyne(CH≡CCH3) has been investigated in a heated single pulse shock tube at temperatures of 870-1145K and pressures of 2-9 bar. Stable products from various reaction channels (terminal and non-terminal H addition, and

Phase Compatibility of the Thermoelectric Compounds in the Sr-Ca-Co-O System

April 14, 2010
Author(s)
Winnie K. Wong-Ng, Guangyao Liu, Joshua B. Martin, Evan L. Thomas, Nathan Lowhorn, James A. Kaduk
Two low-dimensional cobaltite series in the Sr-Ca-Co-O system have been investigated for their solid solution limit, structure, and compatibility phase relationships (850 deg C in air). Thermoelectric properties have been measured for selected members of

Structural properties and thermal conductivity of Na1-xGe3+z

April 2, 2010
Author(s)
Winnie K. Wong-Ng, Stevce Stefanoski, James A. Kaduk, Qingzhen Huang, Clifford R. Bowers, George S. Nolas, Beekman Mathew
Structural analyses as well as low temperature thermal conductivity is reported for the new phase in the Na-Ge system, Na1-xGe3+z. Specimens were characterized by thermal analysis, conventional and synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction, neutron powder
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