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Energy

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Displaying 426 - 450 of 571

Parametric study of micropillar array solar cells

June 19, 2011
Author(s)
Heayoung Yoon, Yu A. Yuwen, Haoting Shen, Nikolas J. Podraza, Thomas E. Mallouk, Elizabeth C. Dickey, Joan A. Redwing, Christopher R. Wronski, Theresa S. Mayer
Micro/nano pillar arrays can be a promising architecture for high efficiency solar cells based on less expensive photovoltaic materials with short minority carrier diffusion lengths (Ln, p). To investigate design tradeoffs of the radial junction array

Imaging of nanoscale charge transport in bulk heterojunction solar cells

June 17, 2011
Author(s)
Behrang H. Hamadani, Nadine E. Gergel-Hackett, Paul M. Haney, Nikolai B. Zhitenev
We have studied the local charge transport properties of organic bulk heterojunction solar cells based on the blends of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) with a photoconductive atomic force microscope (PCAFM). We

Challenges and Opportunities in Smart Grid: A Position Article

June 1, 2011
Author(s)
George W. Arnold
This introductory article overviews the concepts and purpose of the Smart Grid and the important role of communications technology in its development. It identifies some of the challenges and opportunities that are explored in more detail in the articles

MODELING OF U.S. CORN ETHANOL INDUSTRIAL GROWTH

April 13, 2011
Author(s)
Deogratias Kibira, Guodong Shao, Stephen Nowak
The production capacity of corn ethanol as a transportation fuel is experiencing rapid growth in the United States. The demand is driven by increased prices of gasoline, government mandates, incentives, desire for cleaner fuels, and the need to achieve

Correlation of Variations in Thermoelectric and Microstructural Properties of P-type CeFe4Sb12 Melt-Spun Ribbons Using a Rapid Screening Method

April 6, 2011
Author(s)
Yonggao Y. Yan, Winnie K. Wong-Ng, James A. Kaduk, Gangjian Tan, Wenjie Xie, Martin L. Green, Xinfeng Tang
We have demonstrated the effect of gradients in both phase composition and microstructure of p-type CeFe4Sb12 melt-spun (MS) ribbons on Seebeck coefficient by a thermoelectric (TE) screening tool, in conjunction with XRD and DSC measurements. The spatial

Neutron Depth Profiling Technique for Studying Aging in Li-ion Batteries

February 15, 2011
Author(s)
Robert G. Downing
During operation of a Li-ion cell, lithium diffuses in and out of the solid phase anode and cathode. Measuring the lithium transport within the cell over its operational life could provide key information for understanding the loss of active lithium and

Interactions of Ba2YCu3O6+x with SrTiO3 Substrate

February 12, 2011
Author(s)
Winnie K. Wong-Ng, Zhi Yang, James A. Kaduk, Lawrence P. Cook, Shailee P. Diwanji, Christopher E. Lucas
This paper describes the crystal chemistry and crystallography of products of the interaction of Ba2YCu3O6+x with the SrTiO3 buffer, which is a model system for coated conductors. A systematic study of the chemical interactions of Ba2YCu3O6+y and SrTiO3

A simple approach for selective crystal growth of Na8Si46 and Na24Si136

February 10, 2011
Author(s)
Winnie K. Wong-Ng, S Stefanoski, Peter Zavalij, George S. Nolas, Beekman Mathew
During the studies of structure/property relationships of thermoelectric intermetallic clathrates, we found that while single crystals for representative clathrates are readily grown using established techniques or flux synthesis, crystal growth of many

Toward Energy Efficient Manufacturing Enterprises

February 2, 2011
Author(s)
Kevin W. Lyons, Alexander Weissman, Ram D. Sriram, Lalit Chordia
Industrial enterprises have significant negative impacts on the global environment. Collectively, from energy consumption to greenhouse gases to solid waste, they are the single largest contributor to a growing number of planet-threatening environmental

Study of Nanostructure Inclusion Effects on the Thermoelectric Behavior of Ca3Co4O9 Thin Films Grown by Pulsed Laser Deposition

February 1, 2011
Author(s)
Winnie K. Wong-Ng, Evans L. Thomas, Xueyan Song, Yonggao Y. Yan, Joshua B. Martin, Margaret Ratcliff, Paul N. Barnes
The influence of incorporating nanoparticulate additions into Ca3Co4O9 (CCO) thin films prepared by pulsed laser deposition using composite targets of CCO + BaZrO3 (BZO) on Si, LaAlO3 and Al2O3 substrates is investigated. X-ray data and high-resolution

Towards a Methodology for Analyzing Sustainability Standards using the Zachman Framework

January 19, 2011
Author(s)
Sudarsan Rachuri, Prabir Sarkar, Anantha Narayanan Narayanan, Jae H. Lee, Paul Witherell
There exists a multitude of standards and regulations related to sustainability. It is critical to enable users to identify applicable standards across entire lifecycles of products, processes, and services. To synthesize this variety of standards, it is

Influence of substrate on crystallization in polythiophene/fullerene blends

January 13, 2011
Author(s)
Lee J. Richter, Christine He, David Germack, R Joseph Kline, Dean DeLongchamp, Daniel A. Fischer, Chad R. Snyder, James G. Kushmerick
The nanoscale morphology of the active layer in organic, bulk heterojunction (BHJ) solar cells is crucial to device performance. Often a combination of casting conditions and post deposition thermal treatment are used to optimize the morphology. In general

Designing Sustainable Products, Services and Manufacturing Systems

December 1, 2010
Author(s)
Amaresh Chakrabarti, Sudarsan Rachuri, Prabir Sarkar, Srinivas Kota
This book is based on an anthology of papers from experts from the United States and India, along with a summary of focused discussions and suggestions in several areas of critical importance within the broad topic of sustainability in development of
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