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Chemistry

Analytical chemistry

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Displaying 551 - 575 of 2094

Sample Concentration and Processing

January 12, 2017
Author(s)
Lane C. Sander
Sample Concentration and Processing Sample concentration is a common step in sample preparation prior to analysis that is performed to increase method sensitivity or to exchange solvent environment. Sample concentration can be thought of as a separation

Soxhlet Extractions

January 12, 2017
Author(s)
Lane C. Sander
Soxhlet extraction is one of several sample preparation methods that can be used to transfer targeted analytes from a sample matrix into a solvent, to permit subsequent analysis. With Soxhlet extraction, samples are repeatedly extracted with solvent

Troubleshooting Liquid Chromatographic Instrumentation and Methods

January 12, 2017
Author(s)
Lane C. Sander
The ability to assess analytical performance is a fundamental component of measurement science. Ultimately, measurement quality depends on the proper function of instrumentation in combination with appropriate methods. Evidence of proper function is

Use of Analytical Balances

January 12, 2017
Author(s)
Lane C. Sander
The determination of mass is a fundamental component in quantitative analysis, and weighing accuracy is an important factor for most applications. This presentation will highlight the use of different types of analytical balances and will demonstrate

Volumetric Transfer of Liquids

January 12, 2017
Author(s)
Lane C. Sander
Although volumetric measurements are usually less accurate than gravimetric based measurements, volumetric measurements are still in common use due to the convenience, and often higher throughput, that may be afforded by automatic pipettes. Analysts should

What is Chromatography All About?

January 12, 2017
Author(s)
Lane C. Sander
Chromatography is an example of a process by which a mixture is separated into at least two fractions with different compositions. Other separation methods exist, such as distillation, recrystallization, and extraction. Chromatography is used to analyze

Retention behavior of alkyl-substituted polycyclic aromatic sulfur heterocycle isomers in gas chromatography on stationary phases of different selectivity

January 10, 2017
Author(s)
Walter B. Wilson, Lane C. Sander, Jorge O. Ona Ruales, Stephanie Mossner, Leonard M. Sidisky, Milton Lee, Stephen A. Wise
Retention indices for 10 sets of alkyl-substituted polycyclic aromatic sulfur heterocycles (PASHs) isomers (total of 80 PASHs) were determined using gas chromatography with three different stationary phases: a 50% phenyl phase, a 50% liquid crystalline

Retention behavior of isomeric polycyclic aromatic sulfur heterocycles in gas chromatography on stationary phases of different selectivity

January 10, 2017
Author(s)
Walter B. Wilson, Lane C. Sander, Jorge O. Ona Ruales, Leonard M. Sidisky, Milton Lee, Stephen A. Wise
Retention indices for 70 polycyclic aromatic sulfur heterocycles (PASHs) were determined using gas chromatography with three different stationary phases: a 50% phenyl phase, a 50% liquid crystalline dimethylpolysiloxane (LC-DMPS) phase, and an ionic liquid

Gas-phase broadband spectroscopy using active sources: progress, status, and applications

January 1, 2017
Author(s)
Kevin C. Cossel, Eleanor M. Waxman, Ian A. Finneran, Geoffery A. Blake, Jun Ye, Nathan R. Newbury
Broadband spectroscopy is an invaluable tool for measuring multiple gas-phase species simultaneously. In this work we review current applications for broad-band spectroscopy. We discuss components of broad-band spectroscopy including light sources

Summary of NIST/SIM Chemical Metrology Working Group Training Opportunity: Isotope Dilution-Mass Spectrometry Clinical Measurement Course

December 22, 2016
Author(s)
Jeanita Pritchett, Katrice A. Lippa, Mary Bedner, Carolyn Q. Burdette, Johanna Camara, Brian E. Lang, Michael A. Nelson, Lane C. Sander, Lorna T. Sniegoski
The one week NIST-SIM chemical metrology training opportunity was designed to provide SIM NMI/DI laboratory personnel with in-depth classroom and hands-on laboratory experience for the implementation of isotope dilution/mass spectrometry (ID/MS) methods in

Laser-assisted atom probe tomography of Ti/TiN films deposited on Si

December 21, 2016
Author(s)
Norman A. Sanford, Paul T. Blanchard, Ryan M. White, Michael R. Vissers, Albert Davydov, D R. Diercks, David P. Pappas
Laser-assisted atom probe tomography (L-APT) was used to examine superconducting TiN/Ti/TiN trilayer films with nominal respective thicknesses of 5/5/5 (nm). The trilayers were deposited on Si substrates by reactive sputtering. Electron energy loss

Separation, Sizing, and Quantitation of Engineered Nanoparticles in an Organism Model Using Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry and Image Analysis

December 16, 2016
Author(s)
Monique E. Johnson, Shannon Hanna, Antonio R. Montoro Bustos, Christopher M. Sims, Lindsay C. Elliott, Babak Nikoobakht, John T. Elliott, Richard D. Holbrook, Keana C. Scott, Karen E. Murphy, Elijah J. Petersen, Lee L. Yu, Bryant C. Nelson, Akshay Lingayat, Adrian C. Johnston
For environmental studies assessing uptake of orally ingested engineered nanoparticles (ENPs), a key step in ensuring accurate quantification of ingested ENPs is efficient separation of the organism from ENPs that are either nonspecifically adsorbed to the

Multiplexed sub-Doppler spectroscopy with an optical frequency comb

December 13, 2016
Author(s)
David A. Long, Adam J. Fleisher, David F. Plusquellic, Joseph T. Hodges
An optical frequency comb generated with an electro-optic phase modulator and a chirped radiofrequency waveform is used to perform saturation spectroscopy on the D1 and D2 transitions of atomic potassium. With a comb tooth spacing of 2 MHz and a bandwidth

Draft B Report on the Key Comparison CCM.P-K4.2012 in Absolute Pressure from 1 Pa to 10 kPa

December 7, 2016
Author(s)
Jacob E. Ricker, Jay H. Hendricks, Thomas Bock, Prazak Dominik, Tokihiko Kobata, Jorge Torres, Irina Sadkovskaya
This report summarizes the Consultative Committee for Mass (CCM) key comparison CCM.P-K4.2012 for absolute pressure spanning the range of 1 Pa to 10 000 Pa. The comparison was completed via calibration of a transfer standard carried out at six NMIs during

Lessons Learned from Monitoring Organic Contaminants in Three Decades of Marine Samples from the Pacific Basin Archived at the USA's Marine Environmental Specimen Bank

December 1, 2016
Author(s)
Stacy Schuur, Paul R. Becker, Colleen E. Bryan Sallee, Rebecca Pugh, Jared Ragland, Jessica Reiner, Jennifer Hoguet, Michele M. Schantz
The USA's Marine Environmental Specimen Bank (ESB) has archived marine wildlife collections dating back to 1976. Numerous lessons have been learned including collecting the correct species and tissues for environmental contaminant monitoring, developing

Urine Proteomics in the Era of Mass Spectrometry

November 22, 2016
Author(s)
Ashley B. Green
With the technological advances of mass spectrometry (MS)-based platforms, clinical proteomics is one of the most rapidly growing areas in biomedical research. Urine proteomics has become a popular sub-discipline of clinical proteomics because it is an

Thermal Decomposition Kinetics of Polyol Ester Lubricants

November 18, 2016
Author(s)
Kimberly N. Urness, Raina V. Gough, Jason A. Widegren, Thomas J. Bruno
Synthetic lubricants are widely used for applications that require high-thermal and oxidative stability. In order to facilitate new designs and applications for these fluids we are measuring a suite of thermophysical and transport properties for lubricant

The influence of the aromatic character in the gas chromatography elution order: the case of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

November 8, 2016
Author(s)
Jorge O. Ona Ruales, Walter B. Wilson, Federica Nalin, Lane C. Sander, Patricia Schubert, Stephen A. Wise
A link between the aromatic character of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and gas chromatography (GC) elution order in columns with a polysiloxane backbone in the stationary phase is reported for the first time. The aromatic character was calculated
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