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Bioscience

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Displaying 651 - 675 of 1261

Standard Reference Material 2366 for Measurement of Human Cytomegalovirus DNA

March 1, 2013
Author(s)
Ross J. Haynes, Margaret C. Kline, Blaza Toman, Calum Scott, Paul Wallace, John M. Butler, Marcia J. Holden
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is one of a number of human viruses that are ubiquitous in human populations, generally cause little illness upon infecting healthy individuals, but can cause life threatening disease in immune-compromised individuals. An important

Modification of tethered bilayers by phospholipid exchange with vesicles

February 27, 2013
Author(s)
David J. Vanderah, Rima Budvytyte, Mindaugas Mickevicius, Gintaras Valincius, Frank Heinrich
Phosphatidylcholine and cholesterol exchange between vesicles and planar tethered bilayer lipid membranes (tBLMs) was demonstrated from electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), fluorescence microscopy (FM), and neutron reflectometry (NR) data

Mouse Cell Line Authentication

February 13, 2013
Author(s)
Jamie L. Almeida, Carolyn R. Steffen, Kenneth D. Cole
The scientific community has responded to the misidentification of human cell lines with validated methods to authenticate these cells; however, there are few assays available for nonhuman cell line identification. We have developed a multiplex polymerase

Thermococcus kodakarensis DNA replication

February 2, 2013
Author(s)
Zvi Kelman, Lori Kelman, Zhuo Li
DNA replication plays an essential role in all life forms. Research on archaeal DNA replication began about twenty years ago. Progress was hindered, however, by the lack of genetic tools to supplement the biochemical and structural studies. This has

Further Studies with Isolated Absolute Infrared Spectra of Bacteriorhodopsin Photocycle Intermediates: Conformational Changes and Possible Role of a New Proton-Binding Center

January 1, 2013
Author(s)
Richard W. Hendler, Curtis W. Meuse, Paul Smith, John W. Kakareka
We recently published procedures describing the isolation of absolute infrared spectra for the intermediates of the bacteriorhodopsin (BR) photocycle and from these, obtaining transitional difference spectra between consecutive intermediates. In that work

Revision of the SNPforID 34-plex forensic ancestry test: Assay enhancements, standard reference sample genotypes and extended population studies

January 1, 2013
Author(s)
John Butler, Manuel Fondevila, Carla Santos, Ana Freire, Christopher Phillips, M Lareu, Peter Vallone, A. Carracedo
A revision of an established 34 SNP forensic ancestry test has been made by swapping the under- performing rs727811 component SNP with the highly informative rs3827760 that shows a near-fixed East Asian specific allele. We collated SNP variability data for

Identification and Quantification of Human DNA Repair Protein NEIL1 by Liquid Chromatography/Isotope-Dilution Tandem Mass Spectrometry

December 26, 2012
Author(s)
M Miral Dizdar, Pawel Jaruga, Guldal Kirkali, Bryant C. Nelson, Gamze Tuna, Prasad T. Reddy
Accumulated evidence points to DNA repair capacity as an important factor in cancer and other diseases. DNA repair proteins are promising drug targets and are emerging as prognostic and therapeutic biomarkers. Thus, the knowledge of the overexpression or

Structure and Activity of PA5508, a Novel Hexameric Glutamine Synthase Homolog

December 12, 2012
Author(s)
Jane E. Ladner, James F. Parsons
The structure of PA5508 from Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a glutamine synthase (GS) homolog, has been solved at 2.5 Å. Surprisingly, PA5508 forms single hexameric rings rather than the stacked double rings that are characteristic of GS. The C-terminal helical

The Effects of Diffusion on an Exonuclease/Nanopore-Based DNA Sequencing Engine

December 7, 2012
Author(s)
Joseph E. Reiner, Joseph W. Robertson, Arvind Balijepalli, Daniel L. Burden, Bryon S. Drown, John J. Kasianowicz
The ability to electronically detect and characterize individual polynucleotides as they are driven through a single protein ion channel may eventually prove useful for rapidly sequencing DNA (base-by-base) in a ticker tape-like fashion. More recently, a

Relative Rigidity of Cell-Substrate Affects Hepatic and Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cell Migration

December 3, 2012
Author(s)
Martin Y. Chiang, Hongbing Wang, Li Zhong, Qiaoyan Tan, Gurinder K. Singh, Song Li, Li Yang, Yanzi Yangben
Polyacrylamide gels with different stiffness and glass were employed as substrates to investigate how substrate stiffness affects the cellular stiffness of adherent hepatocellular carcinoma (HCCLM3) and hepatic (L02) cells. The interaction of how cell

Immobilization of Proteins on Carboxylic Acid-Functionalized Nanopatterns

November 28, 2012
Author(s)
John Peter Ngunjiri, Daniel J. Stark, Tian Tian, Kimberly Briggman, Jayne C. Garno
The immobilization of proteins on nanopatterned surfaces was investigated using in situ atomic force microscopy (AFM) and ex situ infrared reflectance-absorption spectroscopy (IRAS). The AFM-based lithography technique of nanografting provided control of

Remote sensing of chiral signatures on Mars

November 1, 2012
Author(s)
William Sparks, James H. Hough, Thomas Germer, Frank Robb, Ludmilla Kolokolova
We describe circular polarization as a remote sensing diagnostic of chiral signatures which may be applied to Mars. The remarkable phenomenon of homochirality provides a unique biosignature which can be amenable to remote sensing through circular

Toward a Recommendation System for Image Similarity Metrics

October 7, 2012
Author(s)
Peter Bajcsy, Joe Chalfoun, Mary C. Brady
This paper addresses the problem of mapping application specific requirements on image similarity metrics to the plethora of existing image similarity computations. The work is motivated by the fact that there is no recommendation method for choosing a

PEG-Labeled Nucleotides and Nanopore Detection for Single Molecule DNA Sequencing by Synthesis

September 21, 2012
Author(s)
Shiv Kumar, Tao Chuanjuan, Chien Minchen, Hellner Brittney, Joseph W. Robertson, Arvind Balijepalli, Li Zengmin, James J. Russo, Joseph E. Reiner, John J. Kasianowicz, Jingyue Ju
There is a significant need to accurately sequence single DNA and RNA molecules for personalized medicine. We describe a novel nanopore-based sequencing by synthesis (SBS) strategy that will accurately differentiate at single molecule level four different
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