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Search Publications by: John Kitching (Fed)

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Displaying 26 - 50 of 218

Chip-scale atomic diffractive optical elements

December 31, 2018
Author(s)
Liron Stern, Douglas G. Bopp, Susan A. Schima, Vincent N. Maurice, John E. Kitching
Atomic systems have long provided a useful material platform with unique quantum properties. The efficient light-matter interaction in atomic vapors has led to numerous seminal scientific achievements including accurate and precise metrology 1-3 and

Combined error signal in Ramsey spectroscopy of clock transitions

December 18, 2018
Author(s)
V. I. Yudin, A. V. Taichenachev, M. Y. Basalaev, T. Zanon-Willette, Juniper Wren Y. Pollock, Moshe Shuker, Elizabeth Donley, John Kitching
We have developed a universal method to form the reference signal for the stabilization of arbitrary atomic clocks based on Ramsey spectroscopy that uses an interrogation scheme of the atomic system with two different Ramsey periods and a specially

AC stark shifts of dark resonances probed with Ramsey spectroscopy

November 16, 2018
Author(s)
James Wesley Y. Pollock, V. I. Yudin, Moshe Shuker, M. Y. Basalaev, A. V. Taichenachev, Xiaochi Liu, John E. Kitching, Elizabeth A. Donley
The off-resonant AC Stark shift for coherent population trapping (CPT) resonances probed with Ramsey spectroscopy is investigated experimentally and theoretically. Measurements with laser- cooled 87Rb atoms show excellent quantitative agreement with a

Chip Scale Atomic Devices

August 14, 2018
Author(s)
John E. Kitching
Chip-scale atomic devices combine elements of precision atomic spectroscopy, silicon micromachining and advanced diode laser technology to create compact, low-power and manufacturable instruments with high precision and stability. We review the design

Generalized auto-balanced Ramsey spectroscopy of clock transitions

May 23, 2018
Author(s)
V. I. Yudin, A. V. Taichenachev, M. Y. Basalaev, T. Zanon-Willette, Juniper Wren Y. Pollock, Moshe Shuker, Elizabeth Donley, John Kitching
We develop the theory for generalised auto-balanced Ramsey spectroscopy (GABRS), which allows probe-field-induced shifts in atomic clocks to be eliminated. This universal two-loop method, apart from the clock frequency omega, requires the use of an

Photonic chip for laser stabilization to an atomic vapor at a precision of $10^{-11}$

April 11, 2018
Author(s)
Matthew T. Hummon, Songbai Kang, Douglas G. Bopp, Qing Li, Daron A. Westly, Sangsik Kim, Connor D. Fredrick, Scott A. Diddams, Kartik A. Srinivasan, John E. Kitching
We perform precision spectroscopy of rubidium confined in a micro-machined, 27~mm$^3$ volume, vapor cell using a collimated free space 120~$\bm{\mu}$m diameter laser beam derived directly from a single mode silicon nitride waveguide. With this optical

Ultra-high contrast coherent population trapping resonances in a cold-atom microwave clock

November 29, 2017
Author(s)
Xiaochi Liu, V. I. Yudin, A. V. Taichenachev, John Kitching, Elizabeth Donley
A cold-atom coherent population trapping clock can achieve a better long-term frequency stability than similar clocks based on vapor cells, since long interrogation periods are possible without introducing systematic frequency shifts from buffer gases

High-Performance Coherent Population Trapping Clock Based on Laser-Cooled Atoms

November 2, 2017
Author(s)
Xiaochi Liu, Eugene Ivanov, V. I. Yudin, John Kitching, Elizabeth Donley
Atomic clocks based on laser-cooled atoms are capable of achieving long interrogation periods and hence narrow resonance linewidths because of the very low atom velocities achievable with laser cooling. The long interrogation periods are achieved without

A Low-Power Reversible Alkali Atom Source

June 13, 2017
Author(s)
Songbai Kang, Russell P. Mott, Kevin A. Gilmore, Logan D. Sorenson, Matthew T. Rahker, Elizabeth A. Donley, John E. Kitching, Christopher S. Roper
An electrically-controllable, solid-state, reversible device for sourcing and sinking alkali vapor is presented. When placed inside an alkali vapor cell, both an increase and decrease of the rubidium vapor density by a factor of two are demonstrated

Trade-offs in Size and Performance for a Point Source Interferometer Gyroscope

March 27, 2017
Author(s)
Gregory W. Hoth, John E. Kitching, Elizabeth A. Donley, Bruno Pelle
Point source interferometry (PSI) is a promising technique that could lead to a compact, high- performance gyroscope based on atom interferometry. We consider the trade-offs in size and performance with PSI. In particular, we discuss the sensitivity and

An optimized microfabricated platform for the optical generation and detection of hyperpolarized 129Xe

March 7, 2017
Author(s)
Daniel Kennedy, Scott J. Seltzer, Ricardo Jimenez Martinez, Hattie L. Ring, Nicolas S. Malecek, Svenja A. Knappe, Elizabeth Donley, John Kitching, Vikram S. Bajaj, Alexander Pines
Low thermal-equilibrium nuclear spin polarizations and the need for sophisticated instrumentation render conventional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and imaging incompatible with small-scale microfluidic devices. Recently a microfabricated device

Analytical Tools for Point Source Interferometry

February 20, 2017
Author(s)
Gregory W. Hoth, John E. Kitching, Elizabeth A. Donley, Bruno M. Pelle
Light pulse atom interferometry can be used to realize high-performance sensors of accelerations and rotations. In order to broaden the range of applications of these sensors, it is desirable to reduce their size and complexity. Point source interferometry

A microfabricated optically-pumped magnetic gradiometer

January 18, 2017
Author(s)
Abigail R. Perry, Sean P. Krzyzewski, John E. Kitching, S. Geller, Sheng D., Svenja A. Knappe
We report on the development of a microfabricated atomic magnetic gradiometer based on optical spectroscopy of alkali atoms in the vapor phase. The gradiometer, with a length of 60 mm and a cross section diameter of 12 mm, is made of two chip-scale atomic

Point source atom interferometry with a cloud of finite size

August 19, 2016
Author(s)
Gregory W. Hoth, Bruno M. Pelle, Stefan Riedl, John E. Kitching, Elizabeth A. Donley
We demonstrate a two axis gyroscope by use of light pulse atom interferometry with an expanding cloud of atoms in the regime where the cloud has expanded by 1.1 to 5 times its initial size during the interrogation. Rotations are measured by analyzing

Miniature atomic scaler magnetometer for space based on the rubidium isotope 87 Rb

July 22, 2016
Author(s)
Haje Korth, Kim Strohbehn, Francisco Tejada, Andreas G Andreou, John Kitching, Svenja A. Knappe, S. John Lehtonen, Shaughn M. London, Matiwos Kafel
A miniature absolute scalar magnetometer based on the rubidium isotope 87Rb was developed for possible future operation in space. The instrument design implements both Mx and Mz mode operation and leverages a novel micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS)

Microresonator Brillouin laser stabilization using a microfabricated rubidium cell

June 17, 2016
Author(s)
William Loh, Matthew T. Hummon, Holly Leopardi, Tara Fortier, Franklyn Quinlan, John Kitching, Scott Papp, Scott Diddams
We frequency stabilize the output of a miniature stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) laser to rubidium atoms in a microfabricated cell to realize a laser system with frequency stability at the 10-11 level over seven decades in averaging time. In addition

Low Helium Permeation Cells for Atomic Microsystems Technology

June 15, 2016
Author(s)
Argyrios Dellis, Shah Vishal, Elizabeth A. Donley, Svenja A. Knappe, John E. Kitching
The miniaturization of instruments and sensors based on laser-cooled atoms is hindered by the large pumps needed to maintain the vacuum requirements. A significant source of vacuum contamination is the permeation of gases through the walls of the chamber

Frequency shift mitigation in a cold-atom CPT clock

May 8, 2016
Author(s)
Xiaochi Liu, John Kitching, Elizabeth Donley, Eugene N. Ivanov
An upgrade in the laser interrogation system for our cold-atom clock based on coherent population trapping has resulted in a reduced light shift. The new approach makes use of an electro-optic modulator to significantly reduce the phase coherence of the

Extended Source Interferometry in the Compact Regime

April 4, 2016
Author(s)
Bruno M. Pelle, Gregory W. Hoth, Stefan Riedl, John E. Kitching, Elizabeth A. Donley
We present an atom interferometer based on an expanding cloud of laser-cooled atoms sensitive to rotations along two axes and acceleration along one axis in an effective volume of 1 cm3. We observed spatially resolved fringes by imaging the expanding cloud

NIST on a Chip: Realizing SI units with microfabricated alkali vapour cells

October 16, 2015
Author(s)
John E. Kitching, Elizabeth A. Donley, Svenja A. Knappe, Matthew T. Hummon, Argyrios Dellis, Jeffrey A. Sherman, Kartik A. Srinivasan, Vladimir A. Aksyuk, Qiliang Li, Daron A. Westly, Brian J. Roxworthy, Amit Lal
We describe several ways in which microfabricated alkali atom vapour cells might potentially be used to accurately realize a variety of SI units, including the second, the meter, the kelvin, the ampere and the volt, in a compact, low-cost “chip-scale”

Compact atom-interferometer gyroscope based on an expanding ball of atoms

October 12, 2015
Author(s)
Elizabeth A. Donley, John E. Kitching, Stefan Riedl, Gregory W. Hoth, Bruno M. Pelle
We present a compact atom interferometer based on 87Rb atoms that can simultaneously measure rotations and accelerations with a single source of atoms in a 300 cm3 vacuum package.

Microfabricated Optically-Pumped Magnetometers for Biomagnetic Applications

October 12, 2015
Author(s)
Svenja A. Knappe, John E. Kitching, Orang Alem, Dong Sheng
We report on the progress in developing microfabricated optically-pumped magnetometer arrays for imaging applications. We have improved our sensitivities by several orders of magnitude in the last ten years, Now, our zero-field sensors reach values below

Resonant interaction of trapped cold atoms with a magnetic cantilever tip

June 26, 2015
Author(s)
John E. Kitching, Chris Montoya, Jose Valencia, Andrew A. Geraci, Matt Eardley, John M. Moreland
Magnetic resonance in an ensemble of laser-cooled trapped Rb atoms is excited using a micro cantilever with a magnetic tip. The cantilever is mounted on a multi-layer atom chip designed to capture, cool, and magnetically transport cold atoms. The coupling

Fetal magnetocardiography measurements with a multichannel microfabricated atomic magnetometer array

June 3, 2015
Author(s)
Svenja A. Knappe, Orang Alem, Tilmann H. Sander, Rahul R. Mhaskar, John LeBlanc, Hari Eswaran, Uwe Steinhoff, Yoshio Okada, John E. Kitching, Lutz Trahms
Following the rapid progress in the development of atomic magnetometer technology for the measurement of magnetic fields in the femtotesla range, a successful assembly of individual sensors into an array of nearly identical sensors is within reach. The