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Displaying 7851 - 7875 of 73741

Status Report on the Second Round of the NIST Post-Quantum Cryptography Standardization Process

July 22, 2020
Author(s)
Dustin Moody, Gorjan Alagic, Daniel C. Apon, David A. Cooper, Quynh H. Dang, John M. Kelsey, Yi-Kai Liu, Carl A. Miller, Rene C. Peralta, Ray A. Perlner, Angela Y. Robinson, Daniel C. Smith-Tone, Jacob Alperin-Sheriff
The National Institute of Standards and Technology is in the process of selecting one or more public-key cryptographic algorithms through a public, competition-like process. The new public-key cryptography standards will specify one or more additional

Heat Release Rates of Multiple Transient Combustibles

July 21, 2020
Author(s)
Kevin B. McGrattan
This report documents heat release rate measurements of various transient combustibles; that is, non-permanent items found in industrial settings that can potentially contribute to an accidental fire. These items are often included in hypothetical fire

The C-terminus and Third Cytoplasmic Loop Cooperatively Activate Mouse Melanopsin Phototransduction

July 21, 2020
Author(s)
Juan C. Valdez-Lopez, Stephen T. Petr, Matthew P. Donohue, Robin J. Bailey, Meheret Gebreeziabher, Evan G. Cameron, Julia B. Wolf, Veronika Szalai, Phyllis R. Robinson
Melanopsin, an atypical vertebrate visual pigment, mediates non-image forming light responses including circadian photoentrainment and pupillary light reflexes, and contrast detection for image formation. Melanopsin-expressing intrinsically photosensitive

Electromagnetics for Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging

July 20, 2020
Author(s)
Stephen E. Russek, Karl F. Stupic, Joshua R. Biller, Michael A. Boss, Kathryn E. Keenan, Elizabeth Mirowski
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is based on radio frequency (RF) interrogation of the human body at frequencies between 40 MHz to 300 MHz. An RF transmitter excites proton spin precession and then, in a manner analogous to an RF ID tag, the proton’s

3D printed optical concentrators for LED arrays

July 19, 2020
Author(s)
Behrang H. Hamadani, Jonathan E. Seppala, Clarence J. Zarobila
Additive manufacturing methods based on photopolymerization offer a great potential for fabrication of high quality, highly transparent optical components. One appropriate use of these technologies is related to fabrication of parts that can be used in

Boolean Functions with Multiplicative Complexity 3 and 4

July 18, 2020
Author(s)
Cagdas Calik, Meltem Sonmez Turan, Rene C. Peralta
Multiplicative complexity (MC) is defined as the minimum number of AND gates required to implement a function with a circuit over the basis (AND, XOR, NOT). Boolean functions with MC 1 and 2 have been characterized in Fischer and Peralta, and Find et al

Optical Frequency Combs: Coherently Uniting the Electromagnetic Spectrum

July 17, 2020
Author(s)
Scott Diddams, Kerry J. Vahala, Thomas Udem
Optical frequency combs were introduced around 20 years ago as a laser technology that could synthesize and count the ultrafast rate of the oscillating cycles of light. Functioning in a manner analogous to a clockwork of gears, the frequency comb phase

Connecting, Deploying, and Using the Smart Manufacturing Systems Test Bed

July 16, 2020
Author(s)
Moneer M. Helu, Thomas D. Hedberg Jr.
This report describes how different smart manufacturing standards and technologies, such as MTConnect, were integrated in the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Smart Manufacturing Systems (SMS) Test Bed to support the collection

Recommendations for Collecting, Curating, and Re-Using Manufacturing Data

July 16, 2020
Author(s)
Moneer M. Helu, Thomas D. Hedberg Jr.
This report provides general recommendations for collecting, curating, and re-using manufacturing data from both additive and subtractive processes. The intended audience includes researchers, technical-assessment personnel, and end-users who would like to

Securing Manufacturing Industrial Control Systems: Behavioral Anomaly Detection

July 16, 2020
Author(s)
Michael P. Powell, James J. McCarthy, CheeYee Tang, Keith Stouffer, Timothy Zimmerman, William C. Barker, Titilayo Ogunyale, Devin M. Wynne
Industrial control systems (ICS) are used in many industries to monitor and control physical processes. As ICS continue to adopt commercially available information technology (IT) to promote corporate business systems' connectivity and remote access

Using Operando Techniques to Understand and Design Alkaline Membrane Fuel Cells with Excellent Performance and Long Operational Stability

July 16, 2020
Author(s)
Xiong Peng, Devashish Kulkarni, Ying Huang, Travis J. Omasta, Benjamin Ng, Yiwei Zheng, Lianqin Wang, Jacob LaManna, Daniel S. Hussey, John R. Varcoe, Iryna V. Zenyuk, William E. Mustain
Operando neutron imaging and operando micro X-ray computed tomography were used to understand the water dynamics of AEMFCs under various operating conditions, and this new fundamental information was used to create electrodes that not only enabled high

Capillary RheoSANS: Measuring the Rheology and Nanostructure of Complex Fluids at High Shear Rates

July 15, 2020
Author(s)
Ryan P Murphy, Zachary W. Riedel, Marshall A. Nakatani, Paul Salipante, Javen S. Weston, Steven D. Hudson, Kathleen M Weigandt
Complex fluids containing micelles, proteins, polymers and inorganic nanoparticles are often processed and used in high shear environments that can lead to structural changes at the nanoscale. Here, capillary rheometery is combined with small-angle neutron

Decade(s) of Development in Forensic Science

July 15, 2020
Author(s)
John Butler
On November 12, 2019, at a special anniversary conference entitled "Forensic Science: A Decade of Developments" held at the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), I provided an overview of developments across the forensic science

Metrological Tools for the Reference Materials and Reference Instruments of the NIST Material Measurement Laboratory

July 15, 2020
Author(s)
Carlos R. Beauchamp, Johanna Camara, Jennifer Carney, Steven J. Choquette, Kenneth D. Cole, Paul C. DeRose, David L. Duewer, Michael Epstein, Margaret C. Kline, Katrice Lippa, Enrico Lucon, Karen W. Phinney, Maria Polakoski, Antonio Possolo, Katherine E. Sharpless, John R. Sieber, Blaza Toman, Michael R. Winchester, Donald Windover
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), formerly the National Bureau of Standards, was established by the U.S. Congress in 1901 and charged with establishing a measurement foundation to facilitate U.S. and international commerce. NIST

NIST Media Forensic Challenge (MFC) Evaluation 2020 - 4th Year DARPA MediFor PI meeting

July 15, 2020
Author(s)
Jonathan G. Fiscus, Haiying Guan, Yooyoung Lee, Amy Yates, Andrew Delgado, Daniel F. Zhou, Timothee N. Kheyrkhah, Xiongnan Jin
The presentation slides summarize NIST Media Forensic Challenge (MFC) Evaluation, and present MFC20 evaluation reports in DARPA MediFor PI meeting. The slides contains five parts: Overview, Image Tasks, Video Tasks, Camera ID Verification Tasks, Provenance
Displaying 7851 - 7875 of 73741
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