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Displaying 2176 - 2200 of 2975

A New Microdevice for SI-Traceable Forces in Atomic Force Microscopy

June 2, 2008
Author(s)
Gregory W. Vogl, Jason J. Gorman, Gordon A. Shaw, Jon R. Pratt
A new self-excited micro-oscillator is proposed as a velocity standard for dissemination of nanoNewton-level forces that are traceable to the International System of Units (SI). The microfabricated oscillator is top-coated with magnetic thin films and

Characterization of the Latent Image to Developed Image in Model EUV Photoresists

February 22, 2008
Author(s)
John T. Woodward IV, Kwang-Woo Choi, Vivek Prabhu, Shuhui Kang, Kristopher Lavery, Wen-Li Wu, Michael Leeson, Anuja De Silva, Nelson Felix, Christopher K. Ober
Current extreme ultraviolet (EUV) photoresist materials do not yet meet exposure-dose sensitivity, line-width roughness, and resolution requirements. In order to quantify how trade-offs are related to the materials properties of the resist and processing

STANDARDS DEVELOPMENT FOR REMOTE SENSING AT MICROWAVE AND TERAHERTZ FREQUENCIES

September 7, 2007
Author(s)
James P. Randa, Eyal Gerecht, Dave K. Walker, Amanda Cox, Dazhen Gu, Lixing You, Robert L. Billinger
The Noise Project in the Electromagnetics Division of the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has proposed the development of standards for microwave brightness temperature, for use in remote-sensing applications such as satellite-based

Precision Measurements using a 300 mV Josephson Arbitrary Waveform Synthesizer

June 4, 2007
Author(s)
Samuel P. Benz, Paul D. Dresselhaus, Charles J. Burroughs, Norman F. Bergren
We have developed a Josephson Digital-to-Analog Converter, otherwise know as a Josephson Arbitrary Waveform Synthesizer, with 300 mV peak output voltage. This is the first system of its kind with demonstrated quantum accuracy. We will show precision

Metrics to Estimate Image Quality in Compressed Video Sequences

April 30, 2007
Author(s)
G O'Brien, S Israel, J Irvine, Charles D. Fenimore, John W. Roberts, Michelle Brennan, D Cannon, J Miller
A fundamental problem in image processing is to find objective metrics that parallel human perception of image quality. In this study, several metrics were examined to quantify compression algorithms in terms of perceived loss in image quality. In addition

Correlation of the Reaction Front With Roughness in Chemically Amplified Photoresists

July 1, 2004
Author(s)
Ronald L. Jones, Vivek M. Prabhu, D M. Goldfarb, Eric K. Lin, Christopher L. Soles, Joseph~undefined~undefined~undefined~undefined~undefined Lenhart, Wen-Li Wu, M Angelopoulos
A model bilayer geometry is used to examine fundamental contributions of in-situ reaction front profile width on resulting line edge roughness after development in standard 0.26 N tetramethyl ammonium hydroxide aqueous base developer. The bilayer geometry

Phenomenological Theory of Current-Induced Magnetization Precession

February 13, 2004
Author(s)
Mark D. Stiles, J Xiao, A Zangwill
We solve appropriate drift-diffusion and Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equations to demonstrate that unpolarized current flow from a non-magnet into a ferromagnet can produce a precession-type instability of the magnetization. The fundamental origin of the

EMI Characterization with Parasitic Modeling for a Permanent Magnet Motor Drive

October 12, 2003
Author(s)
Xudong Huang, Pepa Elton, Jih-Sheng Lai, Allen R. Hefner Jr., David W. Berning, Shaotang Chen, Thomas Nehl
In this paper , a permanent magnet ac motor drive is tested extensively, and the prominent frequencies are identified for their relationship with the noise sources and their propagation paths. Switching characteristics of the power MOSFETs are evaluated

Initial Graphics Exchange Specification Volume 2: Application Protocols

May 12, 2003
Author(s)
Curtis H. Parks
This document brings together the fundamental contents of application protocols (AP) developed by the Initial Graphics Exchange Specification (IGES) Organization and approved as American National Standards (ANS) by the IGES Product Data Exchange using STEP

Block Copolymer Thin Films: Physics and Applications

February 15, 2001
Author(s)
Michael J. Fasolka, A M. Mayes
A two-part review of research concerning block copolymer thin films is presented. The first section summarizes experimental and theoretical studies of the fundamental physics of these systems, concentrating upon the forces that govern film morphology. The

Neutron Reflectivity Study of Diblock Formation During Reactive Blending Processes

August 1, 2000
Author(s)
Makoto Hayashi, H Grull, A R. Esker, M J. Weber, Li Piin Sung, Sushil K. Satija, Charles C. Han, TT Hashimoto
In a series of neutron reflectivity experiments, we studied the fundamental process of diblock formation during reactive blending processes of an immiscible blend comprised of normal polysulfone (hPSU) containing 30 % reactive endgroup-modified deuterated

Evaluation of High-Voltage Impulse Waveforms Using Model-Based Deconvolution

June 1, 1998
Author(s)
Gerald FitzPatrick, Eric D. Simmon, J. Lagnese
Accurate measurement of high voltage (hv) impulse waveforms is of critical importance in the testing of hv apparatus and for fundamental insulation studies. Quantifying the measurement system errors can be performed by following procedures recommended by

NIST Measurement Services: Radiance Temperature Calibrations

January 1, 1998
Author(s)
Charles E. Gibson, Benjamin K. Tsai, Albert C. Parr
This document describes the realization and dissemination of the International Temperature Scale of 1990 (ITS-90) above 700 [degrees] C at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). By using the fundamental principles of blackbody physics

Low-GWP Non-Flammable Alternative Refrigerant Blends for HFC-134a: Final Report

January 27, 2023
Author(s)
Piotr A. Domanski, Mark O. McLinden, Valeri I. Babushok, Ian Bell, Tara Fortin, Michael Hegetschweiler, Marcia L. Huber, Mark A. Kedzierski, Dennis Kim, Lingnan Lin, Gregory T. Linteris, Stephanie L. Outcalt, Vance (Wm.) Payne, Richard A. Perkins, Aaron Rowane, Harrison M. Skye
This project addresses the objectives of the Statement of Need number WPSON-17-20 "No/Low Global Warming Potential Alternatives to Ozone Depleting Refrigerants." Its goal was to identify low global-warming-potential (GWP), non-flammable refrigerants to

Unraveling spin entanglement using quantum gates with scanning tunneling microscopy-driven electron spin resonance

October 31, 2025
Author(s)
Eric Switzer, Jose Reina Galvez, Geza Giedke, Talat Rahman, Christoph Wolf, Deung-Jang Choi, Nicolas Lorente
Quantum entanglement is a fundamental resource for quantum information processing, and its controlled generation and detection remain key challenges in scalable quantum architectures. Here, we demonstrate the deterministic generation of entangled spin

Most stringent bound on electron neutrino mass obtained with a scalable low temperature microcalorimeter array

September 29, 2025
Author(s)
Bradley Alpert, Daniel Becker, Douglas Bennett, Joseph Fowler, Johnathon Gard, John Mates, Carl Reintsema, Daniel Schmidt, Daniel Swetz, Joel Ullom, Leila Vale, M. Balata, S. Nisii, A. Bevilacqua, M. De Gerone, G. Gallucci, L. Parodi, F. Siccardi, A. Borghesi, P. Campana, R. Carobene, M. Faverzani, A. Giachero, M. Gobbo, D. Labrbca, R. Morette, A. Nuciotti, L. Origo, S. Ragazzi, G. Ceruti, E. Ferri, G. Pessina, E. Celasco, F. Gatti, R. Dressler, E. Maugeri, D. Schumann, U Koster, M. Lusignoli, P. Manfrinetti, F Ahrens, E Bogini, M. Borghesi, P. Campana, R. Carbene, L. Ferrari Barusso, E. Ferri, G. Gallucci
The determination of the absolute neutrino mass scale remains a fundamental open question in particle physics, with profound implications for both the standard model and cosmology. Direct kinematic measurements, independent of model-dependent assumptions,

Materials discovery in combinatorial and high-throughput synthesis and processing: A new Frontier for SPM

August 27, 2025
Author(s)
Boris Slautin, Yungtao Liu, Kamyar Barakati, Yu Liu, Reece Emery, Seungbum Hong, Astita Dubey, Vladimir Shvartsman, Doru Lupascu, Sheryl Sanchez, Mahshid Ahmadi, Yunseok Kim, Evgheni Strelcov, Keith Brown, Philip Rack, Sergei Kalinin
For over three decades, scanning probe microscopy (SPM) has been a key method for exploring material structures and functionalities at nanometer and often atomic scales in ambient, liquid, and vacuum environments. Historically, SPM applications have
Displaying 2176 - 2200 of 2975
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