U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

Search Publications

NIST Authors in Bold

Displaying 18526 - 18550 of 74071

Metrology for 3D Integration

May 13, 2014
Author(s)
Richard A. Allen, Victor H. Vartanian, David T. Read, Winthrop A. Baylies
Three-dimensional stacked integrated circuit (3DS-IC) fabrication requires complex technologies such as high-aspect ratio through- silicon vias (TSVs), wafer thinning, thin wafer handling and processing, and bonding of thin wafers with complex patterned

Small and Medium-size Business Information Security Outreach Program

May 13, 2014
Author(s)
Richard L. Kissel, Kim Quill, Chris Johnson
Small and medium-sized businesses (SMBs) represent 99.7 percent of all U.S. employers and are an important segment of the U.S. economy. These organizations, totaling more than 28.2 million, create over 60 percent of all new U.S. private-sector jobs and

A single photon transistor based on superconducting systems

May 12, 2014
Author(s)
Marco Manzoni, Florentin Reiter, Jacob Taylor, Anders Sorensen
In analogy with electronic transistors, a single photon transistor is a device where the presence or absence of a single gate photon controls the propagation of a large number of signal photons [1, 2]. Such devices would represent a milestone in our

Nanomaterials-Enabled Photonic and Chemiresistive Sensing of Chemicals and Biochemicals

May 12, 2014
Author(s)
Charles J. Choi, Kurt D. Benkstein, Phillip H. Rogers, Christopher B. Montgomery, Stephen Semancik
Contact events occurring between target species and surface sites on sensing materials initiate front-end interactions and subsequent transduction processes that can yield viable signals for target detection. By offering high surface-to-volume ratios, and

Scanning Probe Microscopes for Subsurface Imaging

May 11, 2014
Author(s)
Joseph J. Kopanski, Lin You, Jungjoon Ahn, Emily Hitz, Yaw S. Obeng
Scanning probe microscopes (SPMs) have some ability to image sub-surface structures. This paper describes the theoretical and practical basis for imaging metal lines buried beneath insulating layers and for imaging insulating regions or voids within metal

Control Fusion for Safe Multi-robot Coordination

May 9, 2014
Author(s)
Roger V. Bostelman, Jeremy A. Marvel
Future smart manufacturing systems will include more complex coordination of mobile manipulators (e.g., robot arms mounted on mobile bases). The National Institute of Standards and Technology, Performance of Collaborative Robot Systems Project has been

Phase and coherence of optical microresonator frequency combs

May 9, 2014
Author(s)
William Loh, Pascal P. Del'Haye, Scott B. Papp, Scott A. Diddams
We investigate the phase and coherence properties of microresonator combs using a combination of theoretical analysis, numerical simulation, and experimental measurement. Our analysis reveals that the comb phase in many cases does not stabilize to an

Fragile Antiferromagnetism in the Heavy-Fermion Compound YbBiPt

May 8, 2014
Author(s)
B. G. Ueland, A. Kreyssig, K. Prokes, Jeffrey W. Lynn, Leland Harriger, D.K. Pratt, D.K. Singh, T.W. Heitmann, S. Sauerbrei, S.M. Saunders, E. D. Mun, S. L. Bud'Ko, R.J. McQueeney, P. C. Canfield, A. I. Goldman
We report results from neutron scattering experiments on single crystals of YbBiPt that demonstrate antiferromagnetic order characterized by a propagation vector τAFM = (1/2,1/2,1/2}), and ordered moments that align along the [1 1 1] direction of the cubic

Constitutive Modeling based on Evolutionary Multi-junctions of Dislocations

May 7, 2014
Author(s)
Minh-Son Pham, Adam A. Creuziger, Mark A. Iadicola, Timothy J. Foecke, A.D. Rollett
A latent hardening model based on the binary junction-induced hardening can effectively describe the plastic anisotropic response. However, this approach still has some descriptive and predictive limitations. Recent findings show that binary junctions

Structural and Magnetic Etch Damage in CoFeB

May 7, 2014
Author(s)
L. Krayer, June W. Lau, Brian Kirby
A detailed understanding of the interfacial properties of think films used in magnetic media is critical for the aggressive component scaling required for continued improvement in storage density. In particular, it is important to understand how common

Time-domain stabilization of carrier-envelope phase in femtosecond light pulses

May 7, 2014
Author(s)
Young-Jin Kim, Ian R. Coddington, William C. Swann, Nathan R. Newbury, Joohyung Lee, Seungchul Kim, Seung-Woo Kim
We report a time-domain method of stabilizing the carrier-envelope phase (CEP) of femtosecond pulses. Temporal variations of the pulse envelope and the carrier electric-field phase were separately detected with the aid of intensity cross-correlation and

A Half Century of Cryogenics and CSA

May 5, 2014
Author(s)
Ray Radebaugh
1964 seems just like yesterday to me, yet it was 50 years ago. The Cryogenic Society of America (CSA) was born that year, and I was just beginning my professional career in cryogenics. Because I have been active in cryogenics for all these past 50 years, I

Comparison of thin epitaxial film silicon photovoltaics fabricated on monocrystalline and polycrystalline seed layers on glass

May 5, 2014
Author(s)
C W. Teplin, Sachit Grover, Adrian Chitu, Alexander Limanov, Monical Chalal, James Im, Daniel Amkreutz, Stefan Gall, Heayoung Yoon, Vincenzo Lasalvia, H M. Branz, Paul Stradins, Kim M. Jones, Andrew G. Norman, David L. Young, Benjamin Lee
We fabricate thin epitaxial c-Si solar cells on display glass and fused silica substrates overcoated with a Si seed layer. We achieve an open circuit voltage (VOC) of 586 mV and 6.5% efficiency using a 2 µm thick absorber on a (100) monocrystalline layer

TRECVID 2013 -- An Overview of the Goals, Tasks, Data, Evaluation Mechanisms, and Metrics

May 5, 2014
Author(s)
Paul D. Over, Jonathan G. Fiscus, Gregory A. Sanders, David M. Joy, Martial Michel, George M. Awad, Alan Smeaton, Wessel Kraaij, Georges Quenot
TRECVID 2013 was a TREC-style video analysis and retrieval evaluation, the goal of which remains to promote progress in content-based exploitation of digital video via open, metrics-based evaluation. Over the last ten years this effort has yielded a better

ATOMIC DATA AND COLLISIONAL-RADIATIVE MODEL FOR BERYLLIUM AND ITS IONS

May 2, 2014
Author(s)
D. Kondratyev, O. Marchuk, Leonid Vainshtein, Igor Bray, Dmitry Fursa, Yuri Ralchenko, D. Fursa
In this work we present a collisional-radiative model constructed for all ionization stages of beryllium. Convergent close-coupling, K-matrix and Coulomb-Born-exchange methods were applied to calculate the necessary atomic data. For neutral beryllium atom

DNA-based Nanocomposite Bio-Coatings for Fire Retarding Polyurethane Foam

May 2, 2014
Author(s)
Yu-Chin Li, Yeon S. Kim, John R. Shields, Rick D. Davis
Layer-by-Layer (LbL) assembled multilayer thin films of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), chitosan (CHI), and montmorillonite (MMT), were studied in an effort to produce fully renewable, bio-based fire retardant coatings for flexible polyurethane foam. The PUF

A Roadmap to Advance Measurement Science in Robot Dexterity and Manipulation

May 1, 2014
Author(s)
Joseph A. Falco, Jeremy A. Marvel, Elena R. Messina
In order for robots to expand their applicability within manufacturing operations, their dexterity needs to advance considerably. There is active research in many areas that is contributing to creating a new generation of much more dexterous arms and hands
Displaying 18526 - 18550 of 74071