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Physics

Optical physics and communications

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Displaying 276 - 300 of 853

A review of protocols for Fiducial Reference Measurements of downwelling irradiance for validation of satellite remote sensing data over water

July 24, 2019
Author(s)
Kevin Ruddick, Andrew Banks, Emmanuel Boss, Alexandre Castagna, Robert Frouin, Martin Hieronymi, Cedric Jamet, B. Carol Johnson, Zhongping Lee, Michael Ondrusek, Viktor Vabson, Riho Vendt, Kenneth Voss, Giuseppe Zibordi
This paper reviews the state of the art of protocols for measurement of downwelling irradiance in the context of Fiducial Reference Measurements (FRM) of water reflectance for satellite validation. Measurement of water reflectance requires the measurement

Photodynamics of [FeFe]-Hydrogenase Model Compounds with Bidentate Heterocyclic Ligands

July 23, 2019
Author(s)
Wyatt Thornley, Sarah Wirick, Maximilian Riedel-Topper, Nathan J. DeYonker, Thomas E. Bitterwolf, Christopher J. Stromberg, Edwin J. Heilweil
Two asymmetrically structured model compounds for the hydrogen-generating [Fe-Fe]-hydrogenase active site were investigated to determine the ultrafast photodynamics, structural intermediates, and photoproducts compared to more common symmetric di-iron

Sensing Fabrication Errors in Diffraction Gratings using High Dynamic Range Imaging

July 19, 2019
Author(s)
Sofia C. Corzo Garcia, Johannes A. Soons, Ulf Griesmann
We describe the design of a simple instrument for the identification and characterization of fabrication errors in diffraction gratings. The instrument uses an uncooled charge-coupled device (CCD) camera and a high dynamic range imaging process to detect

Reference data set and variability study for human skin reflectance

June 30, 2019
Author(s)
P. Yvonne Barnes, David W. Allen, Benjamin K. Tsai
The optical properties of human skin have been of interest to researchers for some time. Their interest is based on a need to know for a variety of different applications, which range from spectral imaging for automated or stand-off detection, non-invasive

Assessing form-dependent optical scattering at vacuum- and extreme-ultraviolet wavelengths off nanostructures with two-dimensional periodicity

June 24, 2019
Author(s)
Bryan M. Barnes, Mark Alexander Henn, Martin Y. Sohn, Hui Zhou, Richard M. Silver
Several metamaterials and nanostructures are form birefringent, exhibiting effective refractive index differences for orthogonal polarizations due to the placement of subwavelength features if the periodicity is smaller than the incident wavelength. As the

Efficient telecom-to-visible spectral translation through ultra-low power nonlinear nanophotonics

June 24, 2019
Author(s)
Xiyuan Lu, Gregory Moille, Qing Li, Daron Westly, Anshuman Singh, Ashutosh Rao, Su P. Yu, Travis Briles, Scott Papp, Kartik Srinivasan
The ability to spectrally translate lightwave signals in a compact, low-power platform is at the heart of the promise of nonlinear nanophotonic technologies. For example, a device to connect the telecommunications band with visible and short near-infrared

An Atom Probe Tomograph Incorporating a Wavelength-Tuneable Femtosecond-Pulsed Coherent Extreme Ultraviolet Light Source

June 19, 2019
Author(s)
Ann C. Chiaramonti Debay, Luis Miaja Avila, Paul T. Blanchard, David R. Diercks, Brian Gorman, Norman A. Sanford
Pulsed coherent extreme ultraviolet (EUV) radiation is a potential promising alternative to pulsed infra-red, visible, and near- ultraviolet laser sources for atom probe tomography. In addition to having the benefit of high absorption across the periodic

Infrared electric-field sampled frequency comb spectroscopy

June 7, 2019
Author(s)
Abijith S. Kowligy, Henry R. Timmers, Alexander Lind, Ugaitz Elu, Flavio Caldas da Cruz, Peter Schunemann, Jens Biegert, Scott Diddams
Molecular spectroscopy in the mid-infrared portion of the electromagnetic spectrum (3--25 um) has been a cornerstone interdisciplinary analytical technique widely adapted across the biological, chemical, and physical sciences. Applications range from

Report for Dedicated JPSS VIIRS Ocean Color Calibration/Validation Cruise May 2018

May 31, 2019
Author(s)
Michael Ondrusek, Veronica P. Lance, Menghua Wang, Eric Stengel, Charles Kovach, Robert Arnone, Sherwin Ladner, Wesley Goode, Ahmed El-Habashi, Carlos Carrizo, Eder Herrera, Sam Ahmed, Joaquim I. Goes, Helga de Rosario Gomes, Kali McKee, Chuanmin Hu, Jennifer Cannizzaro, Yingjun Zhang, Chih-Wei Huang, David English, B. Carol Johnson, Zhongping Lee, Xiaolong Yu, Zhehai Shang, Nicholas Tufillaro, Ivan Lalovic, Kenneth Voss
The overall aim of the annual National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) dedicated Joint Polar Satellite System (JPSS) Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) ocean color calibration/validation cruises is to support improvements in

Single-scan acquisition of multiple multidimensional spectra

May 29, 2019
Author(s)
Travis M. Autry, Galan Moody, James M. Fraser, Corey A. McDonald, Richard P. Mirin, Kevin L. Silverman
Multidimensional coherent spectroscopy is a powerful tool for understanding the ultrafast dynamics of complex quantum systems. To fully characterize the nonlinear optical response of a system, multiple pulse sequences must be recorded and quantitatively

pyLLE: a Fast and User Friendly Lugiato-Lefever Equation Solver

May 24, 2019
Author(s)
Gregory T. Moille, Qing Li, Xiyuan Lu, Kartik Srinivasan
The Lugiato-Lefever Equation (LLE), first developed to provide a description of spatial dissipative structures in optical systems, has recently made a significant impact in the integrated photonics community, where it has been adopted to help understand

Uncertainty in global downwelling plane irradiance estimates from sintered polytetra fluoroethylene plaque radiance measurements

May 20, 2019
Author(s)
Alexandre Castagna, B. Carol Johnson, Kenneth Voss, Heidi M. Dierssen, Heather Patrick, Thomas Germer, Zhehai Shang
Global downwelling plane irradiance is a necessary variable to normalize the water-leaving radiance measurements, reducing the magnitude and spectral variabilities introduced by the incident light field. As a result, the normalized measurements, known as

Structured Illumination Mueller Matrix Imaging

May 16, 2019
Author(s)
Joseph P. Angelo, Thomas Germer, Maritoni Litorja
We perform Mueller matrix imaging (MMI) of diffusely scattering phantoms under sinusoidal irradiance of varying spatial frequency. Quantitative polarimetric sensing via MMI completely characterizes a sample's polarimetric properties, while structured

Electromagnetically induced transparency in inhomogeneously broadened solid media

May 15, 2019
Author(s)
Kumel H. Kagalwala, Fan Haoquan, Sergey Polyakov, Alan L. Migdall, Elizabeth A. Goldschmidt
We study, theoretically and experimentally, electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) in two di erent solid-state systems. Unlike many implementations in homogeneously broadened media, these systems exhibit inhomogeneous broadening of their optical

Unraveling Low Abundance Intimate Mixtures with Deep Learning

May 14, 2019
Author(s)
Ronald G. Resmini, Kevin Christiansen, David Allen
The high-confidence detection and identification of very low abundance, subpixel quantities of solid materials in nonlinear/intimate mixtures are still significant challenges for hyperspectral imagery (HSI) data analysis. We compare the ability of a

High-resolution, high-contrast mid-infrared imaging of fresh biological samples with ultraviolet-localized photoacoustic microscopy

May 13, 2019
Author(s)
Junhui Shi, Terrence Wong, Yun He, Lei Li, Ruiying Zhang, Christopher Yung, Jeeseong C. Hwang, Lihong Wang
Mid-infrared (MIR) microscopy provides rich chemical and structural information about biological samples, without staining. Conventionally, the long MIR wavelength severely limits the lateral resolution owing to optical diffraction; moreover, the strong

Towards a source of entangled photon pairs in gallium phosphide

May 9, 2019
Author(s)
Paulina S. Kuo, Peter G. Schunemann, Mackenzie Van Camp, Varun B. Verma, Thomas Gerrits, Sae Woo Nam, Richard P. Mirin
We investigate parametric down-conversion in orientation-patterned GaP. Pumped at 865 nm, the signal and idler are at 1350 nm and 2400 nm, respectively.

Integrated transition edge sensors on lithium niobate waveguides

May 7, 2019
Author(s)
Thomas Gerrits, Adriana Lita, Richard Mirin, Sae Woo Nam, Jan P. Hoepker, Stephan Krapick, Harald Herrmann, Raimund Ricken, Victor Quiring, Christine Silberhorn, Tim J. Bartley
We show the proof-of-principle detection of light at 1550 nm coupled evanescently from a lithium niobate waveguide to a superconducting transition edge sensor. The coupling efficiency strongly depends on the polarization, the overlap between the evanescent

A Synchrotron X-ray Micro-Spectroscopy Study of the Explosive Melt Glass Derived From the Trinity Nuclear Test

April 28, 2019
Author(s)
Bruce Ravel, Daniel E. Crean, Daniel J. Bailey, M. C. Stennett, Claire L. Corkhill, Ryan Tappero, N. C. Hyatt
Trinitite, the explosive melt glass derived from the Trinity nuclear test, is of interest as a model material for nuclear forensics investigation. However, there remains uncertainty as to the mechanism of trinitite formation. In this study, new insight is

Indistinguishable single-mode photons from spectrally engineered biphotons

April 15, 2019
Author(s)
Thomas Gerrits, Adriana E. Lita, Sae Woo Nam, Changchen Chen, Jane Heyes, Kyung-Han Hong, Jeffrey Shapiro, Franco N. Wong
We use pulsed spontaneous parametric down-conversion in KTiOPO4, with a Gaussian phasematching function and a transform-limited Gaussian pump, to achieve near-unity spectral purity in heralded single photons at telecommunication wavelength. Theory shows

A New Perspective on an Old Problem: Scattering by a Perfect Electric Conductor

April 14, 2019
Author(s)
Alexey J. Yuffa, Johannes Markkanen, Qiang Sun, Evert Klaseboer, Derek Y. Chan
We explore several different singular surface integral equation formulations. These formulations are specifically designed for time-harmonic scattering by a perfect electric conductor and are obtained by choosing non-conventional boundary unknowns.

Tuning Kerr-Soliton Frequency Combs to Atomic Resonances

April 5, 2019
Author(s)
Su P. Yu, Travis Briles, Gregory Moille, Xiyuan Lu, Scott Diddams, Kartik Srinivasan, Scott Papp
Frequency combs based on nonlinear optical phenomena in integrated photonics are a versatile light source that can explore new applications, including frequency metrology, optical communications, and sensing. We demonstrate robust frequency-control
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