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Physics

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Displaying 1401 - 1425 of 2493

SOLAR-WIND ION DRIVEN X-RAY EMISSION FROM COMETARY AND PLANETARY ATMOSPHERES: MEASUREMENTS AND THEORETICAL PREDICTIONS OF CHARGE- EXCHANGE CROSS SECTIONS AND EMISSION SPECTRA FOR O6+ + H2O, CO, CO2, CH4, N2, NO, N2O, AND Ar

August 15, 2015
Author(s)
J. R. Machacek, D. P. Mahapatra, David R. Schultz, Yuri Ralchenko, A. Moradmand, O. E. Ghazaly, A. Chutjian
Relevant to modeling and understanding X-ray emission from cometary and planetary atmospheres, total cross sections for 1.17 and 2.33 keV/u O6+ colliding with H2O, CO, CO2, CH4, N2, NO, N2O, and Ar have been measured for the processes of single, double

Experiments with highly-ionized atoms in unitary Penning traps

August 14, 2015
Author(s)
Shannon Hoogerheide, Aung Naing, Joan M. Dreiling, Samuel Brewer, Nicholas D. Guise, Joseph Tan
Highly-ionized atoms with special properties have been proposed for interesting applications, including potential candidates for a new generation of optical atomic-clocks at the 1 part in 1019 level of precision, quantum-information processing, and tests

Self-referencing a CW laser with efficient nonlinear optics

July 26, 2015
Author(s)
Scott B. Papp, Katja M. Beha, Daniel C. Cole, Pascal P. Del'Haye, Aurelien C. Coillet, Scott A. Diddams
We phase-coherently measure the frequency of continuous-wave (CW) laser light by use of optical-phase modulation and 'f-2f' nonlinear interferometry. Periodic electro-optic modulation (EOM) transforms the CW laser into a continuous train of picosecond

Development of an Ultra-Pure, Carrier-Free 209Po Solution Standard

July 23, 2015
Author(s)
Ronald Colle, Ryan P. Fitzgerald, Lizbeth Laureano-Perez
Ultra-pure, carrier-free 209Po solution standards have been prepared and standardized for their massic alpha-particle emission rate. The standards, which will be disseminated by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) as Standard

Controlling the electronic structure of graphene using surface-adsorbate interactions

July 21, 2015
Author(s)
Piotr Matyba, Adra V. Carr, Cong Chen, David L. Miller, Thomas Orlando, Stefan Mathias, Mark W. Keller, Henry C. Kapteyn, Margaret M. Murnane
Hybridization of atomic orbitals in graphene on Ni(111) opens up a large energy gap of ≈2.8 eV between nonhybridized states at the K point. Here we use alkali-metal adsorbate to reduce and even eliminate this energy gap, and also identify a new mechanism

Compact X-ray and Extreme-Ultraviolet Light Sources

July 10, 2015
Author(s)
Lahsen Assoufid, Uwe Arp, Patrick Naulleau, Sandra Biedron , William Graves
Bringing the brightness and power of vast synchrotron and free-electron laser sources to the scale of the lab and clinic marks an important next frontier—and could transform the landscape of X-ray science and technology.

Resonant interaction of trapped cold atoms with a magnetic cantilever tip

June 26, 2015
Author(s)
John E. Kitching, Chris Montoya, Jose Valencia, Andrew A. Geraci, Matt Eardley, John M. Moreland
Magnetic resonance in an ensemble of laser-cooled trapped Rb atoms is excited using a micro cantilever with a magnetic tip. The cantilever is mounted on a multi-layer atom chip designed to capture, cool, and magnetically transport cold atoms. The coupling

A Unifying Framework to Quantify the Effects of Boundary Stiffness, Polymer-Substrate Interactions and Substrate Roughness on the Dynamics of Thin Supported Polymer Films

June 21, 2015
Author(s)
Jack F. Douglas, Paul Hanakata, Francis W. Starr, Beatriz Betancourt
Changes in the dynamics of supported polymer films in comparison to bulk materials involve a complex convolution of effects, such as boundary thermodynamic interactions, boundary roughness and compliance, in addition to finite film thickness. We consider

CALIBRATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF A SEAPRISM RADIOMETER FOR AERONET-OC

June 19, 2015
Author(s)
Bettye C. Johnson, Steven W. Brown, John T. Woodward IV, Keith R. Lykke, Giuseppe Zibordi
The global Aerosol Robotic Network for Ocean Color (AERONET-OC) program utilizes AERONET CE-318 sun photometers (termed “SeaPRISMs”) modified for in-air observations of ocean waters situated on oil drilling rigs, off-shore lighthouses, or other platforms

Resolving the vacuum fluctuations of an optomechanical system using an artificial atom

June 15, 2015
Author(s)
Florent Q. Lecocq, John D. Teufel, Jose A. Aumentado, Raymond W. Simmonds
Heisenberg's uncertainty principle results in one of the strangest quantum behaviours: a mechanical oscillator can never truly be at rest. Even at a temperature of absolute zero, its position and momentum are still subject to quantum fluctuations. However

Dedicated NOAA/JPSS VIIRS Ocean Color Calibration/Validation Cruise

June 12, 2015
Author(s)
Bettye C. Johnson, Michael Ondrusek, Eric Stengel, Veronica P. Lance, Menghua Wang, Kenneth Voss, Giuseppe Zibordi, Marko Talone, Zhongping Lee, Jianwei Wei, Junfang Lin, Chuanmin Hu, David English, Charles Kovach, Jennifer Cannizzaro, Alex Gilerson, Sam Ahmed, Ahmed El-Habashi, Robert Foster, Robert Arnone, Ryan Vandermeulen, Sherwin Ladner, Wesley Goode, Joaquim I. Goes, Helga de Rosario Gomes, Alex Chekalyuk, Kali McKee, Scott Freeman, Aimee Neeley, Amir Ibrahim
The NOAA/STAR Ocean Color team is focused on “end-to-end” production of ocean color satellite products. In situ validation of satellite data is essential to producing the high-quality products required and expected by the international ocean color remote

On the 209Po Half-Life Error and Its Confirmation: A Critique

June 11, 2015
Author(s)
Ronald Colle, Arthur M. Colle
Collé, et al [(2007) Appl. Radiat Isot. 65, 728; (2014) J. Phys. G: Nucl. Part. Phys. 41, 105103], over the course of nearly a decade and with decay data from a period of 20.7 years, initially uncovered and then substantiated a 25 % error in the 209Po half

Recent measurements of the gravitational constant as a function of time

June 11, 2015
Author(s)
Stephan Schlamminger, Jens H. Gundlach, Riley D. Newman
A recent publication (J.D. Anderson et. Al., EPL 110, 1002) found a strong correlation between the measured values of the gravitational constant G and the 5.9-year oscillation of the length of day. Here, we provide a compilation of all published

Gas Chromatographic Retention Indices

June 9, 2015
Author(s)
Thomas J. Bruno
The interpretation of results from chromatographic measurements can often be augmented with an appropriate mathematical treatment of the solute retention that is observed. The goal of treatment is to make the resulting metric as independent of the

Suppression of Spin Pumping between Ni80Fe20 and Cu by a Graphene Interlayer

June 7, 2015
Author(s)
William J. Gannett, Mark W. Keller, Hans Nembach, Thomas J. Silva, Ann Chiaramonti Debay
Abstract We compare ferromagnetic resonance measurements of Py (Ni80Fe20) films sputtered onto Cu(111) with and without a graphene (Gr) interlayer grown by chemical vapor deposition before Py deposition. We find the expected damping enhancement from spin

Tunable Spin Qubit Coupling Mediated by a Multi-Electron Quantum Dot

June 4, 2015
Author(s)
Vanita Srinivasa, Haitan Xu, Jacob M. Taylor
We present an approach for entangling electron spin qubits localized on spatially separated impurity atoms or quantum dots via a multi-electron, two-level quantum dot. The effective exchange interaction mediated by the dot can be understood as the simplest

Fetal magnetocardiography measurements with a multichannel microfabricated atomic magnetometer array

June 3, 2015
Author(s)
Svenja A. Knappe, Orang Alem, Tilmann H. Sander, Rahul R. Mhaskar, John LeBlanc, Hari Eswaran, Uwe Steinhoff, Yoshio Okada, John E. Kitching, Lutz Trahms
Following the rapid progress in the development of atomic magnetometer technology for the measurement of magnetic fields in the femtotesla range, a successful assembly of individual sensors into an array of nearly identical sensors is within reach. The

Progress on the Optical Lattice Clock

June 1, 2015
Author(s)
Andrew D. Ludlow, Jun Ye
We summarize recent research in the development of the optical lattice clock, with particular focus on the ytterbium and strontium lattice clocks being developed at NIST and JILA. We highlight recent progress in improving the stability and uncertainty of
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