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Metrology

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Displaying 1776 - 1800 of 2718

Photomask Applications of Traceable Atomic Force Microscope Dimensional Metrology at NIST

October 1, 2007
Author(s)
Ronald G. Dixson, Ndubuisi G. Orji, James E. Potzick, Joseph Fu, Michael W. Cresswell, Richard A. Allen, S J. Smith, Anthony J. Walton
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has a multifaceted program in AFM dimensional metrology. Two major instruments are being used for traceable measurements. The first is a custom in-house metrology AFM, called the calibrated AFM (C

Spring constant calibration of AFM cantilevers with a piezosensor transfer standard

September 24, 2007
Author(s)
Eric Langlois, Gordon A. Shaw, John A. Kramar, Jon R. Pratt, Donna C. Hurley
We describe a method to calibrate the spring constants of cantilevers for atomic force microscopy (AFM). The method makes use of a piezosensor comprised of a piezoresistive cantilever and accompanying electronics. The piezosensor was calibrated before use

Instrumentation, Metrology, and Standards for Nanomanufacturing

September 10, 2007
Author(s)
Michael T. Postek, Andras Vladar, John A. Kramar, L A. Stern, John Notte, Sean McVey
Helium Ion Microscopy (HIM) is a new, potentially disruptive technology for nanotechnology and nanomanufacturing. This methodology presents a potentially revolutionary approach to imaging and measurements which has several potential advantages over the

The Helium Ion Microscope: A New Tool for Nanotechnology and Nanomanufacturing

September 1, 2007
Author(s)
Michael T. Postek, Andras Vladar, John A. Kramar, L A. Stern, John Notte, Sean McVey
Helium Ion Microscopy (HIM) is a new, potentially disruptive technology for nanotechnology and nanomanufacturing. This methodology presents a potentially revolutionary approach to imaging and measurements which has several potential advantages over the

Measurement Science and Technology for Ceramics Innovations

July 31, 2007
Author(s)
Debra L. Kaiser, Robert F. Cook
Innovations in ceramic technologies are often driven by the discovery and introduction of a material with novel or improved behavior that enables realization of a superior component, device or system. Over the past few decades, advanced ceramic materials

In-Situ Investigation of Water Transport in an Operating PEM Fuel Cell Using Neutron Radiography: Part 2 - Transient Water Accumulation in an Interdigitated Cathode Flow Field

July 27, 2007
Author(s)
Jon P. Owejan, T Trabold, David L. Jacobson, D Baker, Daniel S. Hussey, Muhammad D. Arif
An interdigitated cathode flow field was tested in-situ with neutron radiography to measure the water transport through the porous gas diffusion layer in a PEM fuel cell. Constant current density to open circuit cycles were tested and the resulting liquid

Bias and the Limits of Pooling for Large Collections

July 17, 2007
Author(s)
C E. Buckley, Darrin L. Dimmick, Ian Soboroff, Ellen M. Voorhees
Modern retrieval test collections are built through a process called pooling in which only a sample of the entire document set is judged for each topic. The idea behind pooling is to find enough relevant documents such that when unjudged documents are

Collaborative Augmented Reality for Better Standards

July 1, 2007
Author(s)
Matthew L. Aronoff, John V. Messina
Concurrent engineering depends on clear communication between all members of the development process. As that communication becomes more and more complex, the quality of the standards used to move and understand that information likewise becomes more and

The Polarizability of Helium and Gas Metrology

June 22, 2007
Author(s)
James W. Schmidt, R Gavioso, E May, Michael R. Moldover
Using a quasi-spherical, microwave cavity resonator, we measured the refractive index of helium to deduce its molar polarizability A ε in the limit of zero density. We obtained (A ε,meas - A ε,theory)/A ε = (-1.8plus or minus} 8.4)× 10 -6, where the

Extending the Limits of Image-Based Optical Metrology

June 20, 2007
Author(s)
Richard M. Silver, Bryan M. Barnes, Ravikiran Attota, Jay S. Jun, Michael T. Stocker, Egon Marx, Heather J. Patrick
We have developed a set of techniques, referred to as scatterfield microscopy, in which the illumination is engineered in combination with appropriately designed metrology targets. Previously we reported results from samples with sub-50 nm sized features

Direct Electrostatic Calibration of Hybrid Sensors for Small Force Measurement

June 4, 2007
Author(s)
Koo-Hyun Chung, Gordon A. Shaw, Jon R. Pratt
The measurement of forces from piconewtons to millinewtons is an area of interest from both an applied and pure research standpoint, however creating a link between small forces and the International System of Units (SI) has been difficult. In this work, a

Measurement of Weld Toughness - Crack Tip Opening Angle Criterion

June 1, 2007
Author(s)
Philippe P. Darcis, Joseph D. McColskey, Christopher N. McCowan, Thomas A. Siewert
The stable tearing behavior of X100 pipeline steel through a girth weld section was investigated using a modified double cantilever beam specimens. A test technique for direct measurement of the steady state crack tip opening angle (CTOA) criterion was

Calibrating Laser Vacuum Wavelength With a GPS-Based Optical Frequency Comb

May 15, 2007
Author(s)
Jack A. Stone Jr., Liang Lu, Patrick F. Egan
The Global Positioning System (GPS) can deliver an exceptionally accurate frequency standard to any point in the world. When we use the GPS signal to control an optical frequency comb, the comb+GPS system provides laser light with well-known frequencies

Capacitors and Electromagnetic Resonators for Gas Metrology

May 1, 2007
Author(s)
Michael R. Moldover, James W. Schmidt
Gas-filled capacitors are being used as primary thermometers and they show promise as primary pressure standards and for measuring the Boltzmann constant. With these metrological applications in mind, we discuss the advantages and disadvantages of audio

Surface Topography Analysis for a Feasibility Assessment of a National Ballistics Imaging Database

May 1, 2007
Author(s)
Theodore V. Vorburger, James H. Yen, B Bachrach, Thomas Brian Renegar, Li Ma, Hyug-Gyo Rhee, Xiaoyu Alan Zheng, Jun-Feng Song, Charles D. Foreman
This document reports on a study to determine the feasibility and utility of a national ballistics database of casing and bullet images. The purpose of such a proposed database would be to provide a reference collection of ballistic images against which

Traceable Micro-Force Sensor for Instrumented Indentation Calibration

April 10, 2007
Author(s)
Douglas T. Smith, Gordon A. Shaw, R M. Seugling, D Xiang, Jon R. Pratt
Instrumented indentation testing (IIT), commonly referred to as nanoindentation when small forces are used, is a popular technique for determining the mechanical properties of small volumes of material. Sample preparation is relatively easy, usually

A Piezoresistive Cantilever Force Sensor for Direct AFM Force Calibration

April 8, 2007
Author(s)
Jon R. Pratt, John A. Kramar, Gordon A. Shaw, Douglas T. Smith, John M. Moreland
We describe the design, fabrication, and calibration testing of a new piezoresistive cantilever force sensor suitable for the force calibration of atomic force microscopes in a range between tens of nanonewtons to hundreds of micronewtons. The sensor is
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