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Materials

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Displaying 751 - 775 of 2363

Structural Properties of Kerogens with Different Maturities

October 15, 2020
Author(s)
Wei-Shan Chiang, Jin-hong Chen, David Jacobi, Taner N. Yildirim
The thermogenic transformation of kerogen into hydrocarbons accompanies the development of a pore network within the kerogen that serves as gas storage locations both in pore space and surface area for adsorbed gas within the source rock. Therefore, the

Dynamics of Hydroxyl Anions Promotes Lithium Ion Conduction in Antiperovskite Li 2 OHCl

October 13, 2020
Author(s)
Fei Wang, Hayden Evans, Kwangnam Kim, Liang Yin, Yiliang Li, Ping-Chun Tsai, Jue Liu, Saul H. Lapidus, Craig Brown, Donald J. Siegel, Yet-Ming Chiang
Li 2OHCl is an exemplar of the anti-perovskite family of ionic conductors, for which high ionic conductivities have been reported, but in which the atomic-level mechanism of ion migration is unclear. The stable phase is highly defective, having 1/3 of the

Position-Dependent Diffusion Dynamics of Entangled Polymer Melts Nanoconfined by Parallel Immiscible Polymer Films

October 9, 2020
Author(s)
Kyong-Il Jo, Yonghoon Oh, Tae-Ho Kim, Joona Bang, Guangcui Yuan, Sushil K. Satija, Bong J. Sung, Jaseung Koo
The morphological structure and dynamics of confined polymers adjacent to the polymer–polymer interface have a profound effect on determining the overall physical properties of polymer blends. We measured the diffusion dynamics of polymethylmethacrylate

Porous Organic Cages as Synthetic Water Channels

September 30, 2020
Author(s)
Yi D. Yuan, Jinqiao Dong, Jie Liu, Daohui Zhao, Hui Wu, Wei Zhou, Hui X. Gan, Yen W. Tong, Jianwen Jiang, Dan Zhao
Nature has protein channels (e.g., aquaporins) that preferentially transport water molecules while rejecting even the smallest hydrated ions. Aspirations to create robust synthetic counterparts have led to the development of a few one-dimensional (1D)

Pushing the Limits of Bottom-Up Gold Filling for X-Ray Grating Interferometry

September 30, 2020
Author(s)
Daniel Josell, Thomas Moffat, Z Shi, K Jefimovs, L Romano, J. Vila-Comamala
The application of superconformal Bi-catalyzed Au electrodeposition for void-free filling of recessed trenches in X-ray gratings used in phase contrast imaging is detailed. Filling of trenches with aspect ratio (height divided by its width) up to 55 is

Correlating Inter-Particle Forces and Particle Shape to Shear-Induced Aggregation/Fragmentation and Rheology for Dilute Anisotropic Particle Suspensions: A Complementary Study via Capillary Rheometry and in situ small and Ultra-Small Angle X-ray Scatterin

September 15, 2020
Author(s)
Anthony J. Krzysko, Elias Nakouzi, Xin Zhang, Trent R. Graham, Kevin M. Rosso, Gregory K. Schenter, Jan Ilavsky, Ivan Kuzmenko, Matthew G. Frith, Cornelius F. Ivory, Sue B. Clark, Javen S. Weston, Kathleen Weigandt, James J. De Yoreo, Jaehun Chun, Lawrence M. Anovitz
Predicting the stability of suspensions composed of anisotropic particles is difficult due to the complexity and interplay of hydrodynamic and colloidal forces. For example, it is not well understood how non-spherical particle shapes affect suspension

Optical and electrical properties in Na and Rh co-doped Ruddlesden-Popper layered Ca3Ti2O7

September 9, 2020
Author(s)
Qiang Gu, Weifang Liu, Winnie Wong-Ng, Xingxing Wu, Yao Jiang, Chao Wang, Shuang Ma, Shouyu Wang
Layered perovskite Ca2.91Na0.09Ti2-xRhxO7 (x=0.00, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06) were synthesized by a conventional solid-state reaction. The two strongest peaks of XRD shift to the lower 2θ region with an increase of Rh content, demonstrating changing of lattice

Electrically Conductive 3D Metal-Organic Framework Featuring p-Acidic Hexaazatriphenylene Hexacarbonitrile Ligands with Anion-p Interaction and Efficient Charge-Transport Capabilities

September 8, 2020
Author(s)
Ashok Yadav, Dillip K. Panda, Shiyu Zhang, Wei Zhou, Sourav Saha
Owing to their unparalleled synthetic simplicity, structural tunability, and functional versatility, electrically conductive metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) have emerged as one of the most promising electronic materials of the 21 st century. With much of

Cutting to Measure the Elasticity and Fracture of Soft Gels

August 31, 2020
Author(s)
Teresa T. Duncan, Joel M. Sarapas, Adrian P. Defante, Kathryn Beers, Edwin Chan
The fracture properties of very soft and/or brittle materials are challenging to measure directly due to the limitations of existing fracture testing methods. To address this issue, we introduce a razorblade-initiated fracture test (RIFT) to measure the

Niche partitioning of microbial communities at an ancient vitrified hillfort: implications for vitrified radioactive waste disposal

August 30, 2020
Author(s)
Andrew Plymale, Jacqueline Wells, Carolyn Pearce, Colin Brislawn, Emily Graham, Tanya Cheeke, Jessica Allen, Sarah Fansler, Bruce Arey, Mark Bowden, Danielle Saunders, Vincent Danna, Kimberly Tyrrell, Jamie Weaver, Rolf Sjoblom, Rick L. Paul, John McCloy, Eva Hjarthner-Holdar, Mia Englund, Erik Ogenhall, David Peeler, Albert Kruger
A pre-Viking era vitrified hillfort, Broborg, provides a habitat analogue for disposed radioactive waste glass and shows strong niche partitioning among the organisms involved in glass alteration. Microbes cannot be eliminated from radioactive waste

Thickness-Dependent Permeability of Molecular Layer-By-Layer Polyamide Membranes

August 28, 2020
Author(s)
William D. Mulhearn, Vladimir Oleshko, Christopher Stafford
We present the thickness-dependent permeability of highly crosslinked polyamide (PA) membranes formed by a molecular layer-by-layer (mLbL) deposition process. The deposition allows for the synthesis of extremely smooth, uniform PA films of tunable

Layering of Magnetic Nanoparticles at Amorphous Magnetic Templates with Perpendicular Anisotropy

August 26, 2020
Author(s)
Apurve Saini, Julie Borchers, Sebastian George, Brian B. Maranville, Kathryn L. Krycka, Joseph Dura, Katharina Theis-Brohl, Max Wolff
We reveal the assembly of monodisperse magnetite nanoparticles of sizes 5 nm, 15 nm and 25 nm from dilute water-based ferrofluids onto an amorphous magnetic template with out-ofplane anisotropy. From neutron reflectometry experiments we extract density

X-ray Scattering Studies of Reverse Osmosis Materials

August 25, 2020
Author(s)
Qinyi Fu, Nisha Verma, Benjamin S. Hsiao, Francisco J. Medellin-Rodriguez, Peter Beaucage, Christopher Stafford, Benjamin M. Ocko
Scarcity of freshwater is becoming a world crisis. In a recent annual risk report, the World Economic Forum lists it in their greatest global risk category. Currently, about four billion people live under conditions of severe water scarcity for at least

Structural and Dynamical Properties of Potassium Dodecahydro-Monocarba-Closo-Dodecaborate: KCB 11 H 12

August 20, 2020
Author(s)
Mirjana Dimitrievska, Hui Wu, Vitalie Stavila, Olga A. Babanova, Roman V. Skoryunov, Alexei V. Soloninin, Wei Zhou, Benjamin Trump
MCB 11H 12 (M: Li, Na) dodecahydro-monocarba-closo-dodecaborate salt compounds are known to have stellar superionic Li + and Na + conductivities in their high-temperature disordered phases, making them potentially appealing electrolytes in all-solid-state

Magnetic Properties of (Fe 1-x Mn x ) 2 AlB 2 and the Impact of Substitution on the Magnetocaloric Effect

August 6, 2020
Author(s)
D. Potashnikov, Elad Nisan NMN Caspi, A. Pesach, S. Kota, M. Sokol, L. A. Hanner, M. W. Barsoum, Hayden Evans, A. Eyal, A. Keren, O. Rivin
In this work, we investigate the magnetic structures of (Fe 1−xMn x) 2AlB 2 solid-solution quaternaries in the x = 0 to 1 range using X-ray and neutron diffraction, magnetization measurements, and mean field theory calculations. While Fe 2AlB 2 and Mn 2AlB

Early stage nucleation in barium disilicate glass

August 1, 2020
Author(s)
Ling Cai, Randall E. Youngman, David E. Baker, Aram Rezikyan, Minghui Zhang, Bryan Wheaton, Indrajit Dutta, Bruce G. Aitken, Andrew J. Allen
Early stage nucleation in silicate glasses is often evidenced by formation of nanosized regions that are stoichiometrically different from the surrounding matrix. The structural origin of these early stage nucleation sites is of great interest in gaining a

Effect of Molecular Weight and Layer Thickness on the Dielectric Breakdown Strength of Neat and Homopolymer Swollen Lamellar Block Copolymer Films

July 31, 2020
Author(s)
Saumil Samant, Monali Basutkar, Maninderjeet Singh, Ali Masud, Christopher A. Grabowski, Kim Kisslinger, Joseph Strzalka, Guangcui Yuan, Sushil K. Satija, Ikeoluwa Apata, Dharmaraj Raghavan, Michael Durstock, Alamgir Karim
Designing next generation light-weight pulsed power sources hinges on understanding the factors influencing the performance of high energy density storage materials. In prior work, we demonstrated the use of Cold Zone Annealing with Soft Shear (CZA-SS) as
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