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Displaying 2076 - 2100 of 3901

Reciprocity Law Experiments in Polymeric Photodegradation: A Critical Review

September 1, 2003
Author(s)
Jonathan W. Martin, Joannie W. Chin, Tinh Nguyen
celerating the photodegradation of polymeric materials is of great interest in weathering research. One way of achieving acceleration is by exposing polymeric materials to a high radiant flux, but questions have arisen as to whether high radiant flux

A Study of In-Tube Evaporation Heat Transfer of Carbon Dioxide

August 17, 2003
Author(s)
N N. Sawant, M Kim, William V. Payne, Piotr A. Domanski, Y W. Hwang
The evaporative heat transfer characteristics of carbon dioxide (CO 2) were measured in a fluid-heated, 8.0 mm ID smooth stainless steel tube. The test apparatus was a concentric tube heat exchanger heated by water in the annulus with CO 2 in the central

Effects of Non-Uniform Air Flow on Finned-Tube Evaporator Performance

August 1, 2003
Author(s)
John Choi, William V. Payne, Piotr A. Domanski
An experimental investigation was implemented to determine the capacity degradation due to non-uniform refrigerant and air flow distributions, and to assess the potential to recover the lost capacity via controlling refrigerant distribution between

Flexural Strengthening of Masonry Walls with External Composite Bars

August 1, 2003
Author(s)
K K. Bajpai, Dat Duthinh
The strengthening of epoxy with milled glass fibers allows full strength development of #2 glass FRP bars in 200 mm or half a concrete masonry unit length. This fiber-reinforced epoxy should be effective for other types of bars as well.With full anchorage

Fundamental Aspects of the Application of Carbon Dioxide in Comfort Cooling

August 1, 2003
Author(s)
J S. Brown, Piotr A. Domanski
This paper presents entropy generation analyses for the evaporator, compressor, gas cooler, expansion device and liquid-line suction-line heat exchanger for a transcritical carbon dioxide cycle for automotive and residential air-conditioning systems, and

LoopDA -- A Natural Ventilation System Design and Analysis Tool

August 1, 2003
Author(s)
William S. Dols, Steven J. Emmerich
The Loop Equation Design Method has been proposed for sizing ventilation airflow components of natural and hybrid ventilation systems. While the loop design method has been demonstrated on a limited basis, the method has been automated in order to better

Measured Impact of a Rooftop Photovoltaic System

August 1, 2003
Author(s)
Arthur H. Fanney, E R. Weise, K R. Henderson
A 35-kilowatt roof top photovoltaic system has been installed at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) in Gaithersburg, Maryland. The system, located on a the roof that connects NIST s Administration Building to its adjoining conference

Particle Size Measurements for Spheres With Diameters of 50 nm to 400 nm

August 1, 2003
Author(s)
Michelle K. Donnelly, George W. Mulholland
This paper describes a calibration service NIST is offering that measures the effective diameter of particles suspended in liquids using electrical differential mobility analysis. Measurements are for particles with diameters in the range of 50 nm to 400

Review of Instrumented Indentation

August 1, 2003
Author(s)
Mark R. VanLandingham
Instrumented indentation, also known as depth-sensing indentation or nanoindentation, is increasingly being used to probe the mechanical response of materials from metals and ceramics to polymeric and biological meaterials. The additional levels of control

Understanding Fire and Smoke Flow Through Modeling and Visualization

August 1, 2003
Author(s)
Glenn P. Forney, Daniel M. Madrzykowski, Kevin B. McGrattan, L M. Sheppard
Structural fires cost the American economy more than $100 billion annually in property damage, maintaining fire departments and insurance. A price cannot be put on the human toll: on average each year, 4,000 civilians die and 23,000 are injured in fires

Validation of CONTAMW Predictions for Tracer Gas in a Townhouse

August 1, 2003
Author(s)
Steven J. Emmerich, Steven J. Nabinger, A Gupte, Cynthia H. Reed
To provide additional validation data for the multizone airflow and contaminant model, CONTAMW, experiments were performed in an occupied 3-story townhouse in Reston, VA. A tracer gas, sulfur hexaflouride (SF 6), was manually injected within one room of

What Are Lighting Controls Protocols, and Why Does Anyone Care About Them?

July 31, 2003
Author(s)
Stephen J. Treado
Lighting controls protocols are discussed. Key elements are power and flexibility, both in system design and implementation, and in operation. The overriding tred is towards ever-increasing user expectations, needs, and requirements, along with equipment

A Hurricane Damage Prediction Model for Residential Structures

July 1, 2003
Author(s)
A Cope, K Gurley, James J. Filliben, Emil Simiu, J P. Pinelli, C Subramanian, L. Zhang, S Hamid
The focus of this paper is the development of a probabilistic model for the prediction of structural damage due to hurricane winds in the state of Florida. This is a necessary component to a model currently under development to predict annualized insurable

BACnet Wide Area Network Security Threat Assessment

July 1, 2003
Author(s)
David G. Holmberg
This technical report addresses inter-networked building automation and control systems (BAS or BCS) using the BACnet protocol [ANSI/ASHRAE, 2001]. The report deals with threats from known sources due to communication connections to the corporate LAN and

Bench-Scale Flammability Measures for Electronic Equipment

July 1, 2003
Author(s)
Matthew F. Bundy, Thomas J. Ohlemiller
An experimental study of the bench-scale fire performance of 18 commercial polymeric materials was conducted by the National Institute of Standards and Technology. The performance of these materials was characterized using three standard flammability tests
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