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This report summarizes work to date on a project for the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission to develop guidelines for the chemical and material assessment of an existing structure considered for entombment. In addition, a rational means for performing a
Six mattress and foundation designs were subjected to two modes of ignition: the NIST dual gas burners and burning bedclothes. All of the designs represent substantial reductions in flammability compared to current residential designs but they nevertheless
Timothy P. McDowell, Steven Emmerich, J B. Thornton, George Walton
The impact of infiltration and ventilation flows on the energy use in commercial buildings has received little attention. One of the reasons for this lack of study is that the commonly-used programs for estimating the energy use of buildings do not
J F. Widmann, Jiann C. Yang, Samuel L. Manzello, George W. Mulholland
The optical extinction coefficients of post-flame soot have been measured in the wavelength range 2.8 micrometers to 4.1 micrometers. A laminar diffusion burner was combined with an infrared spectrograph and gravimetric measurements to determine the mass
William D. Davis, Thomas G. Cleary, Michelle K. Donnelly, S. D. Hellerman
An algorithm for predicting smoke or carbon monoxide concentration in the ceiling jet in the presence of a smoke layer is developed. The analysis will be restricted to fires that produce turbulent plumes and can be represented by axisymmetric point sources
Anthony P. Hamins, Michelle K. Donnelly, Erik L. Johnsson, Alexander Maranghides, George W. Mulholland
As part of its Fire Risk Research Program, the NRC (Nuclear Regulatory Commission) and NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology) are participating in an International Collaborative Fire Model Project (ICFMP) to assess and validate fire computer
This paper reports an experimental technique that is developed for instantaneous planar measurement of droplet size and velocity for dilute sprays in general and sprinkler sprays in particular. This particle tracking technique relies on photographic
William M. Pitts, E Braun, Richard D. Peacock, Henri E. Mitler, Erik L. Johnsson, Paul A. Reneke, L G. Blevins
Temperature measurements have been made for natural-gas and heptane fires in a reduced-scale enclosure using a variety of bare-bead and aspirated thermocouples in order to characterize the uncertainties. The focus is the role of radiative heat transfer and
V M. Karbhari, Donald L. Hunston, B Benmokrane, T Juska, Roy S. Morgan, J Lesko, U Sorathia, D R. Reynaud
The lack of a comprehensive, validated, and easily accessible data base for the durability of fiber-reinforced polymer _FRP_composites as related to civil infrastructure applications has been identified as a critical barrier to widespread acceptance of
Anthony P. Hamins, Thomas G. Cleary, Jiann C. Yang
An analysis is presented on the full-scale fire suppression experiments conducted on the F-22 engine nacelle simulator at Wright Patterson Air Force Base. Experiments investigated the relative effectiveness of halogenated agents and solid propellant gas
D W. Weinert, Thomas Cleary, George W. Mulholland, P F. Beever
This paper presents the differential mass scattering cross section [m 2multiply by}g -1multiply by}sr -1] of various non-flaming and flaming fire generated smoke aerosols as well as nuisance aerosols created in the Fire Emulator/Detector Evaluator. These
J F. Widmann, Jiann C. Yang, George W. Mulholland, Anthony P. Hamins
An experimental apparatus used to obtain soot extinction coefficients in the infrared portion of the electromagnetic spectrum will be presented. Numerous experimental measurements of soot extinction coefficients have been previously obtained at visible
The objective of this work was to provide measurements from reduced-scale experiments for use in the NIST Fire Dynamics Simulator, a computational fluid dynamics model that calculates fire growth, spread, sprinkler activation, and water suppression of rack
J P. Pinelli, C Subramanian, L. Zhang, K Gurley, A Cope, Emil Simiu, S M. Diniz, S Hamid
This paper presents a practical probabilistic model for the projection of annualized damage costs to residential structures due to hurricanes. The estimation of the damage is accomplished by first defining the basic damage modes for components of specific
Star R. Burgess, Kathleen C. Whisner, Glenn P. Forney, Paul A. Reneke
Welcome to BFRL Publications, 2002. These two CD-ROMs contain publications produced by BFRL staff, publications resulting from contracts or grants with BFRL and publications contained in poceedings from BFRL sponsored conferences orworkshops. The Volume 1
Jiann C. Yang, Samuel L. Manzello, Marc R. Nyden, M D. Connaghan
An aircraft engine nacelle simulator was built to study the dispersion behavior of CF3I, a potential halon 1301 (CF3Br) replacement, at an extremely cold temperature (nominally 40 C). The experimental fixture consists of a simulated engine nacelle with
A method is proposed for estimating the electrical conductivity of cementitious pore solutions. The method is based on an equation that is a function of the solution ionic strength, and requires a single empirical coefficient for each ionic species. As a
Longer duration missions to the moon, to Mars, and on the International Space Station (ISS)increase the likelihood of accidental fires. NASA s fire safety program for human-crewed spaceflight is based largely on removing ignition sources and controlling
Anthony P. Hamins, Alexander Maranghides, George W. Mulholland
A series of experiments were conducted in order to determine the global combustion behavior of a number of liquid fuels burning in a 1 MW to 3 MW spray fire in an open environment. The experiments described here provide a characterization of the global
Advances in the basic understanding of fluid physics have opened an era of unprecedented application of heat transfer processes, and fluid dynamics systems using micro channels. One of the greatest obstacles to the application of leading edge fluid physics
Database-assisted design (DAD) for wind results in structures with reduced material consumption and failure risks, i.e., in improved safety and sustainability. We present a DAD-compatible probabilistic procedure, and the attendant WiLEP software, for
Anthony P. Hamins, Alexander Maranghides, Erik L. Johnsson, Michelle K. Donnelly, Jiann C. Yang, George W. Mulholland
As part of its Fire Risk Research Program, the NRC (Nuclear regulatory Commission) and NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology) are participating in an International Collaborative Fire Model Project (ICFMP) to assess and validate fire computer
The extinction process of cup-burner flames under normal-gravity conditions were previously studied. As the low-speed diffusion flames behave differently in microgravity compared to those on earth, it is important to understand the structureof cup-burner
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has designed andconstructed a test facility for determining the seasonal performance of residential fuel cell systems. Widespread commercialization of residential fuel cell systems could struggle
Takashi Kashiwagi, A B. Morgan, Joseph M. Antonucci, Mark R. VanLandingham, Richard H. Harris Jr., W H. Awad, John R. Shields
PMMA, poly(metheylmethacrylate), nanocomposites were made by in situ radical polymerization of MMA, methylmethacrylate, with colloidal silica (ca. 12 nm) to study the effects of nanoscale silica particles on the physical properties and flammability