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Displaying 2651 - 2675 of 3902

Linear Procedures for Structures with Velocity-Dependent Dampers

August 1, 2000
Author(s)
Fahim Sadek, B Mohraz, Michael A. Riley
Passive energy dissipation devices are used to reduce the damaging effects of earthquakes. These devices can absorb a portion of the earthquake-induced energy in structures and thus reduce the energy demand on structural members. Wide acceptance of these

Multizone Modeling as an Indoor Air Quality Design Tool

August 1, 2000
Author(s)
Amy Musser
Increased public awareness and changing industry standards have highlighted the importance of indoor air quality in the building design process. At the same time, many owners would like to construct buildings that conserve energy and minimize environmental

Percolation Aspects of Cement Paste and Concrete - Properties and Durability

August 1, 2000
Author(s)
Edward J. Garboczi, Dale P. Bentz
Synopsis: Portland cement concrete is a composite material, where the matrix consists of portland cement paste. Cement paste forms from the hydration reaction of portland cement with water. The microstructure of cement paste changes drastically over a time

Status of the Revision of ASHRAE Standard 62

August 1, 2000
Author(s)
Andrew K. Persily
The American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) is in the process of revising Standard 62 Ventilation for Acceptable Indoor Air Quality. Because Standard 62 has been designated as a high profile standard by ASHRAE

Strength Evaluation of Connectors for Intermodal Containers

August 1, 2000
Author(s)
Hai S. Lew, Fahim Sadek, E D. Anderson
Intermodal containers are used widely in marine cargo handling. In order to facilitate unloading of empty containers from ship to shore, two containers are lifted frequently in tandem. This operation is referred to as vertical tandem lifting. In this

Ventilation Strategies for U.S. Manufactured Homes

August 1, 2000
Author(s)
S R. Martin, Andrew K. Persily
The HUD Manufactured Home Construction and Safety Standards contain requirements intended to provide adequate levels of outdoor air ventilation in U.S. manufactured homes. In the implementation of these standards, questions have arisen regarding the impact

Wind-Induced Peak Bending Moments in Low-Rise Building Frames

August 1, 2000
Author(s)
M Gioffre, Mircea Grigoriu, M Kasperski, Emil Simiu
We present a procedure for estimating peaks of non-Gaussian processes representing fluctuating internal forces induced by wind in low-rise building frames. The procedure is designed for inclusion in computer programs that use surface pressure data bases to

Creeping Flame Spread Along Fuel Cylinders in Forced and Natural Flows and Microgravity

July 20, 2000
Author(s)
M A. Delichatsios, R A. Altenkirch, Matthew Bundy, S Bhattacharjee, L Tang, K Sacksteder
Semianalytical expressions are developed for creeping flame spread parallel to a fuel cylinder axis so that spread rates measured or predicted for flat surfaces over the same material can be directly used for cylindrical surfaces. Two phenomena are

Flammability Properties of Polymer-Layered-Silicate Nanocomposites, Polypropylene and Polystyrene Nanocomposites

July 17, 2000
Author(s)
Jeffrey W. Gilman, C L. Jackson, A B. Morgan, Richard H. Harris Jr., E Manias, E P. Giannelis, M Wuthenow, David Hilton, S H. Phillips
Our continuing study of the mechanism of flammability reduction of polymer-layered-silicate nanocomposites has yielded results for polypropylene-graft-maleic anhydride and polystyrene-layered-silicate nanocomposites using montmorillonite and

Automated Part Tracking on the Construction Job Site

July 1, 2000
Author(s)
William C. Stone, L E. Pfeffer, K M. Furlani
Efforts are underway at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) to develop a web-based system for rapid tracking, identifying, and locating manufactured components on the construction jobsite. The approach involves the use of RFID and

Challenges in Developing Environmentally Safe Heat Pumping Systems

July 1, 2000
Author(s)
David Didion, J S. Brown
The advent of the global warming crisis has brought about a viewpoint, in many governments, that the halogen family of refrigerants should be replaced, in part or in toto, by the so-called natural refrigerants. For this proposal to be valid it is necessary

Flammability of Polymer Clay Nanocomposites Consortium: Year One Annual Report (NISTIR 6531)

July 1, 2000
Author(s)
Jeffrey W. Gilman, Takashi Kashiwagi, A B. Morgan, Richard H. Harris Jr., L D. Brassell, Mark R. VanLandingham, C L. Jackson
We recently found that polymer layered-silicate (clay) nanocomposites have the unique combination of reduced flammability and improved physical properties. However, the details of the fire retardant mechanism were not well understood. In October of 1998 a
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