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Chemistry

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Displaying 401 - 425 of 1924

Analytical Methods and Development of Reference Materials for Toxic Metals and Metal Species in Food and Dietary Supplements

September 18, 2017
Author(s)
Stephen E. Long, Michael B. Ellisor, Frances Nilsen, Laura J. Wood, Karen E. Murphy, Lee L. Yu
Highly toxic metals such as arsenic, cadmium, lead and mercury are prevalent in the terrestrial and marine environments from both natural sources and anthropogenic activities. Contamination of food can often occur during agricultural production and food

Ionizing Radiation Processing and its Potential in Advancing Biorefining and Nanocellulose Composite Materials Manufacturing

September 1, 2017
Author(s)
Michael T. Postek, Dianne L. Poster, Andras Vladar, Mark S. Driscoll, Jay A. LaVerne, Zios Tsinas, Mohamad Al-Sheikhly
Nanocellulose is a high value material that has gained increasing attention because of its high strength, stiffness, unique photonic and piezoelectric properties, high stability and uniform structure. Through utilization of a biorefinery concept

Baseline Assessment of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Assay Performance: A Vitamin D Standardization Program (VDSP) Interlaboratory Comparison Study

August 18, 2017
Author(s)
Christopher T. Sempos, Stephen Wise, Karen W. Phinney, Susan Tai, Johanna Camara, Gary L. Myers, Ramon Durazo-Arvizu, Lu Tian, John H. Eckfeldt, Andrew N. Hoofnagle, W. Greg Miller, Lorin M. Bachmann, Ian S. Young, J Pettit, G. Caldwell, A Liu, S P. Brooks, K. Sarafin, M. Thamm, C. Scheidt-Nave, G. B. Mensink, M. Busch, M. Rabenberg, Kevin Cashman, Mairead Kiely, Michael Kinsella, K Galvan, J. Y. Zhang, K OH, S. W. Lee, C. L. Jung, L. Cox, G. Goldberg, K. Guberg, S. Meadows, A. Prentice, G. Swan, A. Tedstone, Graham D. Carter, Julia C. Jones, P. Brannon, R. M. Lucas, P. M. Crump, Glenville Jones, E. Cavalier, Joyce Merkel, J. M. Betz
The Vitamin D Standardization Program (VDSP) coordinated an interlaboratory study to assess the comparability of measurements of total 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] in human serum, which is the primary marker of vitamin D status. A set of 50 individual

Development of Standard Reference Material (SRM) 2973 Vitamin D Metabolites in Frozen Human Serum (High Level)

July 24, 2017
Author(s)
Susan Tai, Michael Nelson, Brian Lang, Karen W. Phinney, Lane C. Sander, James H. Yen, J. M. Betz, Christopher T. Sempos, Stephen Wise
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), in collaboration with the National Institutes of Health, Office of Dietary Supplements (NIH-ODS) and the Vitamin D Standardization Program (VDSP), has recently issued a new serum-matrix Standard

Revisiting Shape Selectivity in Liquid Chromatography for Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) - Six-Ring and Seven-Ring Cata-condensed PAH Isomers of Molecular Mass 328 Da and 378 Da

June 28, 2017
Author(s)
Jorge O. Ona Ruales, Lane C. Sander, Walter Brent Wilson, Stephen Wise
The relationship of reversed-phase liquid chromatography retention on a polymeric C18 stationary phase and the shape of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) was investigated for three-ring to seven-ring cata-condensed isomers. We report the first

Cannabinoid Vapor Pressures to Aid in Vapor Phase Detection of Intoxication

June 27, 2017
Author(s)
Tara Lovestead, Thomas J. Bruno
The quest for a reliable means to detect cannabis intoxication with a br eathalyzer is ongoing. In order to design such a device, it is important to understand the basic fundamental thermodynamics of the compounds of interest. Herein, the vapor pressures

The 2016 edition of the Art in Science of MicroTAS

April 21, 2017
Author(s)
Darwin R. Reyes-Hernandez
Dublin, Ireland beheld The 20th International Conference of Miniaturized Systems for Chemistry and Life Sciences (MicroTAS 2016) from October 23 to 27, 2016. The conference not only included a great technical program, but also outreach activities, an

Standardized Measurements of Collection Efficiency from Wipe-Sampling of Trace Explosives

April 10, 2017
Author(s)
Jennifer R. Verkouteren, Jeffrey A. Lawrence, Matthew E. Staymates, Edward R. Sisco
One of the limiting steps to detecting traces of explosives at screening venues is effective collection of the sample. Wipe-sampling is the most common procedure for collecting traces of explosives, and standardized measurements of collection efficiency

Efficient Simulation of Secondary Fluorescence via NIST DTSA-II Monte Carlo

March 17, 2017
Author(s)
Nicholas Ritchie
Secondary fluorescence, the final term in the familiar matrix correction triumvirate Z·A·F, is the most challenging for Monte Carlo models to simulate. In fact, only two implementations of Monte Carlo models commonly used to simulate electron probe x-ray

Believable Statements of Uncertainty

February 8, 2017
Author(s)
Richard M. Lindstrom
Nearly fifty years ago, two landmark papers appeared that should have cured the problem of ambiguous uncertainty statements in published data. Eisenhart’s paper in Science called for statistically meaningful numbers, and Currie’s Analytical Chemistry paper

Spatial variation in perfluoroalkyl acids in a population of wild American alligators (Alligator mississippiensis) at Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge (MINWR) surrounding the Kennedy Space Center (KSC)

January 26, 2017
Author(s)
John Bowden, Jacqueline T. Bangma, Martin Jones, Russell H. Lowers, Frances Nilsen, Jessica L. Reiner, Thomas R. Rainwater, Stephen E. Somerville, Louis J. Guillette Jr.
This study aimed to quantify fourteen perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) in the plasma of a population of alligators located at Merritt Island national Wildlife Refuge (MINWR). Male (n = 117) and female (n = 112) alligators were sampled in every month during

Lessons Learned from Monitoring Organic Contaminants in Three Decades of Marine Samples from the Pacific Basin Archived at the USA's Marine Environmental Specimen Bank

December 1, 2016
Author(s)
Stacy Schuur, Paul R. Becker, Colleen E. Bryan Sallee, Rebecca Pugh, Jared Ragland, Jessica Reiner, Jennifer Hoguet, Michele M. Schantz
The USA's Marine Environmental Specimen Bank (ESB) has archived marine wildlife collections dating back to 1976. Numerous lessons have been learned including collecting the correct species and tissues for environmental contaminant monitoring, developing

Comprehensive Assessment of Composition and Thermochemical Variability of Three Prototype Gas Turbine Fuels by GC/QToF-MS and the Advanced Distillation-Curve Method as a Basis of Comparison for Novel Fuel Development

October 26, 2016
Author(s)
Tara Lovestead, Jessica L. Burger, Nico Schneider, Thomas J. Bruno
Commercial and military aviation is faced with challenges that include high fuel costs, emissions, and supply chain security that result from the reliance on petroleum-based feedstocks. The development of alternative gas turbine fuels from renewable
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