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Bioscience

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Displaying 1001 - 1025 of 1250

A New NIST Mitochondrial DNA Interactive Website

August 1, 2002
Author(s)
Barbara C. Levin, L A. Tully, Diane K. Hancock, Frederick P. Schwarz, M S. Lee
Every human cell has from a few dozen to several thousand mitochondria each of which contain mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). The sequence of the entire human mtDNA (16,569 base pairs) was determined and published by Anderson et al. in 1981. A mtDNA standard

Cell Membrane Hybrid Bilayers Containing the G-Protein-Coupled Receptor CCR5

August 1, 2002
Author(s)
N M. Rao, Vitalii I. Silin, K D. Ridge, John T. Woodward IV, Anne L. Plant
A hybrid bilayer membrane is a planar model membrane that is formed at an alkanethiol monolayer-coated gold surface by the spontaneous reorganization of phospholipid vesicles. Membrane vesicles from monkey kidney COS-cells also reorganize at an alkanethiol

Electrophoretic Capture of Circular DNA in Gels - A Review

August 1, 2002
Author(s)
B. Akerman, Kenneth D. Cole
Results on electrophoretic capture of circular DNA in porous gels are reviewed. Processes, which cause arrest of circular forms of DNA during electrophoresis, can provide a very efficient separation mechanism for the purification of plasmids and bacterial

Grafting Segments from the Extracellular Surface of CCR5 onto a Bacteriorhodopsin Transmembrane Scaffold Confers HIV-1 Corcceptor Activity

April 1, 2002
Author(s)
N G. Abdulaev, T T. Strassmaier, T Ngo, R W. Chen, H Lueke, D D. Oprian, K D. Ridge
The G-protein coupled receptor CCR5 binds three distinct B-chemokines on the solvent exposed segments of the extracellular surface. This same region of CCr5 also interacts with certain macrophage-tropic strains of HIV-1. To investigate structural features

Synchrotron White-Beam X-Ray Topography of Ribonuclease S Crystals

April 1, 2002
Author(s)
W M. Vetter, David Travis Gallagher, M Dudley
With careful experimental design indexed synchrotron white-beam X-ray topographs of ribonuclease S crystals at ambient temperature could be recorded with a definition and contrast comparable to that of monochromatic beam topographs of other proteins

Identification and Characterization of a Human DNA Glycosylase for Repair of Modified Bases in Oxidatively Damaged DNA

March 19, 2002
Author(s)
T. K. Hazra, T. Izumi, I Boldough, B Imhoff, Y W. Kow, Pawel Jaruga, Miral M. Dizdar, Somenath Mitra
8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG), ring-opened purines (formamidopyrimidines or Fapys), and other oxidized DNA base lesions generated by reactive oxygen species, are often mutagenic and toxic, and have been implicated in the etiology of many diseases including cancer

Cytonectin Expression in Alzheimer's Disease

March 1, 2002
Author(s)
S J. Anderson, Peter E. Barker, M G. Hadfield
Cytonectin is a novel 35,000 molecular weight protein that displays remarkable ion-independent adherence properties. This consigns it to a family of well-known adherence molecules essential for cell communication and the development of 3-dimensional tissue

Chlorella Virus Pyrimidine Dimer Glycosylase Excises Ultraviolet Radiation- and Hydroxyl Radical-Induced Products 4,6-Diamino-5-Formamidopyrimidine and 2,6-Diamino-4-Hydroxy-5-Formamidopyrimidine from DNA

February 1, 2002
Author(s)
Pawel Jaruga, R Jabil, Amanda K. McCullough, H Rodriguez, M Miral Dizdar, R S. Lloyd
A DNA glycosylase specific for UV radiation-induced pyrimidine dimers has been identified from chlorella virus Paramecium bursaria chlorella virus-1. This enzyme (Chlorella virus Pyrimidine dimer glycosylase [cv-pdgl) exhibits a 41% amino acid identity

Chorismate Lyase: Kinetics and Engineering for Stability

January 31, 2002
Author(s)
Marcia J. Holden, M P. Mayhew, David T. Gallagher, V L. Vilker
By removing the enolpyruvyl group from chorismate, chorismate lyase (CL) produces p-hydroxybenzoate (p-HB) for the ubiquinone biosynthetic pathway. We have analyzed CL by several spectroscopic and chemical techniques and measured its kinetic (k cat = 1.7x

Determination of Active Site Residues in Escherichia Coli Endonuclease VIII

January 25, 2002
Author(s)
S. M. Burgess, Pawel Jaruga, M L. Dodson, Miral M. Dizdar, R S. Lloyd
Endonuclease VIII from Escherichia coli is a DNA glycosylase/lyase that removes oxidatively damaged bases. EndoVIII is a functional homologue of endonuclease III, but a sequence homologue of formamidopyrimidine DNA glycosylase (Fpg). Using multiple

Standardization of PCR Amplification for Fragile X Trinucleotide Repeat Measurements

January 1, 2002
Author(s)
C D. O'Connell, Donald H. Atha, J P. Jakupciak, Kristy L. Richie
To provide the clinical diagnostics community with accurate protocols and measurements for the detection of genetic disorders, we have established a quantitative a quantitative measurement program for trinucleotide repeats associated with human disease. In

Dominant Thermodynamic Role of the Third Independent Receptor Binding Site in the Receptor-Associated Protein RAP

December 18, 2001
Author(s)
O M. Andersen, Frederick P. Schwarz, Edward Eisenstein, C Jacobsen, S K. Moestrup, M Etzerodt, H C. Thogersen
The 39 Kda receptor-associated protein (RAP) is a three-domain escort protein in the secretory pathway for several members of the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) family of endocytic receptors, including the LDLR-related protein (LRP). The minimal

The Cockayne Syndrome Group B Gene Product is Involved in General Genome Base Excision Repair of 8-hydroxyguanine in DNA

December 7, 2001
Author(s)
J Tuo, M Muftuoglu, C Chen, Pawel Jaruga, R R. Selzer, R M. Brosh, H Rodriguez, Miral M. Dizdar, V. Bohr
Cockayne Syndrome (CS) is a human genetic disorder with two complementation groups, CS-A and CS-B. The CSB gene product is involved in transcription-coupled repair of DNA damage but may participate in other pathways of DNA metabolism. The present study

Development of Y STR Megaplex Assays

December 1, 2001
Author(s)
R Schoske, John Butler, Peter Vallone, Margaret C. Kline, M. Prinz, A J. Redd, M F. Hammer
Y Chromosome short tandem repeat markers have a number of applications in human identity testing including typing the perpetrator of sexual assault cases without differential extraction and tracing paternal lineages for missing person investigations. In
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