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Bioscience

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Displaying 976 - 1000 of 1261

Fluorescence Thermometry in Microfluidics

September 29, 2003
Author(s)
David J. Ross, Laurie E. Locascio
Two techniques are described for the measurement of fluid temperatures in microfluidic systems based on temperature-dependent fluorescence. In the first technique, a single, strongly temperature-dependent fluorophore, rhodamine B, is used as the basis for

Phase Transitions Within the Isolated Polymer Molecule: Coupling of the Polymer Threading a Membrane Transition to the Helix-Random Coil, the Collapse, the Adsorption, and the Equilibrium Polymerization Transitions

September 22, 2003
Author(s)
Edmund A. DiMarzio, John J. Kasianowicz
The polymer threading a membrane transition (PTM), which is a first-order thermodynamic phase transition for an isolated linear polymer in the limit of infinite molecular weight, is coupled to the other 4 phase transitions of the isolated polymer molecule

Kinetic Isotope Effects in the Active Site of B-Subtilis Chorismate Mutase

September 15, 2003
Author(s)
S. E. Worthington, A. E. Roitberg, Morris Krauss
Kinetic Isotope Effects are determined for the enzyme-catalyzed Claisen rearrangement of chorismate to prephenate using computational methods. The reported kinetic isotope effects compare reasonably well with the few available experimental values. The

Cloning and Expression of the Gene for a Novel Protein From Mycobacterium Smegmatis With Functional Similarity to Eukaryotic Calmodulin

September 1, 2003
Author(s)
Prasad T. Reddy, C R. Prasad, P H. Reddy, D J. Reeder, K H. McKenney, H Jaffe, M N. Dimitrova, A Ginsburg, A Peterkofsky, P S. Murthy
The calmodulin-like protein from Mycobacterium smegmatis (MSM-CAMLP) was purified to homogeneity with a yield of about 1 g from 70 g of cells. Peptide sequence analysis of the MSM-CAMLP was used to design degenerate oligonucleotides for the eight

Crystal Structure of the YchF Protein Reveals Binding Sites for GTP and Nucleic Acid

July 1, 2003
Author(s)
A Teplyakov, G Obmolova, S Y. Chu, J Toedt, E Eisenstein, A J. Howard, G L. Gilliland
The bacterial protein encoded by the gene ychF is 1 of 11 universally conserved GTPases, and the only one whose function is unknown. The crystal structure determination of YchF was sought to help with the the functional assignment of the protein. The YchF

Genomic DNA of Nostoc Commune (Cyanobacteria) Becomes Covalently Modified During Long-Term (Decades) Desiccation But Is Protected From Oxidative Damage and Degradation

June 15, 2003
Author(s)
B Shirkey, N J. McMaster, Sue C. Smith, D J. Wright, H Rodriguez, Pawel Jaruga, M Birincioglu, R F. Helm, M Potts
Genomic DNA of Nostoc commume (Cyanobacteria) became covalently modified during decades of desiccation. Amplification of gene loci from desiccated cells required pretreatment of DNA with N-phenacylthiazolium bromide; a reagent that cleaves DNA- and protein

Specific Antibody-DNA Interaction: A Novel Strategy for Tight DNA Recognition

May 27, 2003
Author(s)
S M. Di Pietro, J M. Centeno, M L. Cerutti, M F. Lodeiro, D U. Ferreiro, L G. Alonso, Frederick P. Schwarz, F Goldbaum, G de Prat-Gay
Taking advantage of the extreme stability of a protein-DNA complex, we obtained highly specific monoclonal antibodies against a predetermined palindromic double stranded DNA sequence, corresponding to the binding site of the E2 transcriptional regulator of

Evaluation of Extraction Methodologies for Corn Kernal (Zea Mays) DNA for Detection of Trace Amounts of Biotechnology-Derived DNA

April 23, 2003
Author(s)
Marcia J. Holden, J L. Blasic, L Bussjaeger, C Kao, Luke A. Shokere, D C. Kendall, L Freese, G. Ronald Jenkins
Sensitivity and accurate testing for trace amounts of biotechnology-derived DNA from plant material requires pure, high-quality genomic DNA as template for subsequent amplification using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Six methodologies were evaluated

Choosing a Cantilever for In Situ Atomic Force Microscopy

April 1, 2003
Author(s)
John T. Woodward IV
This manuscript is a non-peer reviewed, invited tutorial for Microscopy Today. It describes the issues involved in choosing a cantilever for atomic force microscope (AFM) imaging under fluids. In situ AFM imaging is an increasingly popular technique for

Arabidopsis Thaliana Ogg1 Protein Excises 8-Hydroxyguanine and 2,6- Diamino-4-hydroxy-5-formamidopyrimidine from Oxidative Damaged DNA Containing Multiple Lesions

March 18, 2003
Author(s)
T Morales-Ruiz, M Birincioglu, Pawel Jaruga, H Rodriguez, T. Roldan-Arjona, Miral M. Dizdar
A functional homologue of eukaryotic Ogg1 proteins in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana has recently been cloned, isolated, and characterized [Garcia-Ortiz, M.V., Ariza, R.R., and Roldan-Arjona, T. (2001) Plant Mol. Biol. 47, 795-804]. This enzyme

Thin Films of Collagen Affect Smooth Muscle Cell Morphology

March 4, 2003
Author(s)
John T. Elliott, Alessandro Tona, John T. Woodward IV, P L. Jones, Anne L. Plant
The purpose of this study was to provide a reproducible method for applying collagen to surfaces on which cells can be grown, and to characterize the resulting thin films of collagen protein with respect to molecular structure and cellular response

Thermodynamics of Enzyme-Catalyzed Reactions

March 1, 2003
Author(s)
Robert N. Goldberg, Yadu D. Tewari
This review, which has been prepared for the McGraw-Hill 2003 Yearbook of Science and Technology, gives an overview of the thermodynamics of enzyme-catalyzed reactions. Topics include the thermodynamic formalism(s) used in this field, computational methods

Binding and Hydrolysis of Ampicillin in the Active Site of a Zinc Lactamase

February 6, 2003
Author(s)
Morris Krauss, N. Gresh, J Antony
Binding and hydrolysis of ampicillin is described in a model active site derived from di-nuclear B.fragilis zinc lactamase. The protein binding site consists of the two zinc cations bound with a bridging hydroxide and ligands from the first-shell residues

Biomarkers Used to Detect Genetic Damage in Tissue-Engineered Skin

January 1, 2003
Author(s)
C D. O'Connell, Peter E. Barker, M A. Marino, P McAndrew, Donald H. Atha, Pawel Jaruga, M Birincioglu, M. Dizdaroglu, H Rodriguez
The goal of the research was to help identify cellular biomarkers and assess measurement technologies that will help manufacturers determine how cells react to inflammatory stimuli from different polymer matrixes and assure that tissue-engineered medical

Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer Between Donor-Acceptor Pair on Two Oligonucleotides Hybridized Adjacently to a DNA Template

January 1, 2003
Author(s)
Lili Wang, Adolfas K. Gaigalas, J L. Blasic, Marcia J. Holden, David T. Gallagher, R Pires
We have used fluorescein as the energy donor and rhodamine as the acceptor to measure the efficiency of fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) in a set of hybridized DNA constructs. The two fluorophores are covalently attached via linkers to two
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