Technical Note (NIST TN)

NIST Tests of the Wireless Environment in Automobile Manufacturing Facilities

September 1, 2008

Author(s)

Catherine A. Remley, Galen H. Koepke, Chriss A. Grosvenor, John M. Ladbury, Dennis G. Camell, Jason B. Coder, Robert Johnk

This report describes tests carried out by members of the NIST Electromagnetics Division to study the wireless environment in automotive manufacturing...

Residential Structure Separation Fire Experiments

August 1, 2008

Author(s)

Alexander Maranghides, Erik L. Johnsson

Building codes often allow structures with window openings and combustible exteriors to be built with as little as 1.8 m (6 ft) of separation between them. In a...

Recommended Terminology For Microwave Radiometry

August 1, 2008

Author(s)

James P. Randa, Janne Lahtinen, Adriano Camps, A. Gasiewski, Martti Hallikainen, David Leine V, Manuel Martin-Neira, Jeff Piepmeier, Philip Rosenkranz, Christopher Ruf, James Shiue, Niels Skou

We present recommended definitions for common terms in microwave remote-sensing radiometry. Terms are grouped into three chapters: General Terminology, Real...

Electromagnetic Airframe Penetration Measurements of a Beechcraft Premier IA

August 1, 2008

Author(s)

Chriss A. Grosvenor, David R. Novotny, Dennis G. Camell, Galen H. Koepke, Robert Johnk

The National Institute of Standards and Technology has recently completed shielding effectiveness/penetration studies on three different aircraft types for the...

Attenuation of Radio Wave Signals Coupled Into Twelve Large Building Structures

August 1, 2008

Author(s)

Christopher L. Holloway, William F. Young, Galen H. Koepke, Catherine A. Remley, Dennis G. Camell, Yann Becquet

In this report, we investigate radio communication problems faced by emergency responders (firefighters, police and emergency medical personnel) in disaster...

Evaluating Positive Pressure Ventilation In Large Structures: School Pressure and Fire Experiments (NIST TN 1498)

July 1, 2008

Author(s)

Stephen Kerber, Daniel M. Madrzykowski

A series of experiments was run in a masonry educational building examining the ability of fire service Positive Pressure Ventilation (PPV) fans to limit smoke...

Performance Metrics for Fire Fighting Thermal Imaging Cameras: Small- and Full-Scale Experiments (NIST TN 1499)

July 1, 2008

Author(s)

Francine K. Amon, Nelson P. Bryner, Andrew J. Lock, Anthony P. Hamins

Thermal imaging cameras (TIC) are becoming an important tool for many firefighters and other first responders. However, due to the lack of performance standards...

Evaluating Positive Pressure Ventilation In Large Structures: School Pressure and Fire Experiments

July 1, 2008

Author(s)

Stephen Kerber

A series of experiments was run in a masonry educational building examining the ability of PPV fans to limit smoke spread or to remove smoke from desired areas...

Electromagnetic Airframe Penetration Measurements for the FAA Bombardier Global 5000

June 2, 2008

Author(s)

Chriss A. Grosvenor, David R. Novotny, Dennis G. Camell, Galen H. Koepke, Robert Johnk

The National Institute of Standards and Technology has recently completed shielding effectiveness/penetration studies on three different aircraft types for the...

Transformer-Like Devices for High-Accuracy Current Measurements.

June 1, 2008

Author(s)

T. M. Souders

A theoretical and practical framework is presented to aid in the design, fabrication and testing of transformer-like devices for use in high-accuracy ac current...

A Next Generation Sampling Comparator Probe For The NIST Sampling Waveform Analyzer

June 1, 2008

Author(s)

Owen B. Laug, David I. Bergman, T. M. Souders, Bryan C. Waltrip

The design and performance of A Next Generation Sampling Comparator Probe (NGSCP) is described. It is intended as one of a group of probes designed for use with...

Electromagnetic Airframe Penetration Measurements of the FAA's 737-200

May 2, 2008

Author(s)

Chriss A. Grosvenor, David R. Novotny, Dennis G. Camell, Galen H. Koepke, Robert Johnk, Seturnino Canales

The National Institute of Standards and Technology has completed shielding effectiveness/penetration studies on three different aircraft types for the Federal...

Measurements to Support Modulated-Signal Radio Transmissions for the Public-Safety Sector

April 1, 2008

Author(s)

Catherine A. Remley, Galen H. Koepke, Christopher L. Holloway, Chriss A. Grosvenor, Dennis G. Camell, John M. Ladbury, Robert Johnk, David R. Novotny, William F. Young, George Hough, Michael McKinley, Yann Becquet, John Korsnes

We report on measurements of parameters utilized for characterization of broadband wireless technologies proposed for use by emergency responders (firefighters...

Uncertainty Analysis for NIST Noise-Parameter Measurements

March 31, 2008

Author(s)

James P. Randa

The uncertainty analysis is presented for NIST measurements of noise parameters of amplifiers and transistors, in both connectorized (coaxial) and on-wafer...

Assessment of a Medium-Scale Polyurethane Foam Flammability Test.

February 1, 2008

Author(s)

Thomas J. Ohlemiller, John R. Shields

Six polyurethane foams of widely varying flame retardant levels have been tested in two modes: as four, fabric-wrapped cushions in a chair mock-up based on...

Authentication and Authorization of Building Information Users in BACnet

January 1, 2008

Author(s)

Stephen J. Treado, Alan B. Vinh, Steven T. Bushby

Building automation systems frequently monitor critical building information that would be extremely useful for emergency responders including the status of...

Aspects of the Fire Behavior of Thermoplastic Materials.

January 1, 2008

Author(s)

Thomas J. Ohlemiller, John R. Shields

Thermoplastic polymers pose unique new challenges (resulting from the movement of burning melt material) for the understanding and control of fire growth on...

Performance of Home Smoke Alarms Analysis of the Response of Several Available Technologies in Residential Fire Settings (NIST TN 1455-1)

December 1, 2007

Author(s)

Richard W. Bukowski, Richard D. Peacock, Jason D. Averill, Thomas G. Cleary, Nelson P. Bryner, William D. Walton, Paul A. Reneke, Erica D. Kuligowski

This report presents the results of the project and provides details of the response of a range of residential smoke alarm technologies in a controlled...

Measurements of Heat and Combustion Products in Reduced-Scale Ventilation-Limited Compartment Fires

July 1, 2007

Author(s)

Matthew F. Bundy, Anthony P. Hamins, Erik L. Johnsson, Sung C. Kim, Gwon Ko, David B. Lenhert

A series of new reduced-scale compartment fire experiments were conducted, which included local measurements of temperature and species composition. The...

Computational Model of Dissipation of Oxygen From an Outward Leak of a Closed-Circuit Breathing Device (NIST TN 1484)

June 1, 2007

Author(s)

Kathryn M. Butler

Closed-circuit breathing devices recycle exhaled air after scrubbing carbon dioxide and adding make-up oxygen from a tank of pure oxygen. Use of this equipment...

Ignition of Cellulosic Fuels by Heated and Radiative Surfaces (NIST TN 1481)

March 1, 2007

Author(s)

William M. Pitts

Experiments designed to characterize the ignition behavior of typical outdoor fuels by heated mufflers and catalytic converters found on outdoor power equipment...

Distributed Multi-Nodal Voice/Data Communication Systems (NIST TN 1479)

February 1, 2007

Author(s)

Nelson P. Bryner

TEM Horn Antenna Design Principles

January 23, 2007

Author(s)

Chriss A. Grosvenor, Robert T. Johnk, David R. Novotny, Nino Canales, Benjamin Davis, Jason Veneman

The National Institute of Standards and Technology has developed several ultra-wideband, TEM Horn antennas with phase linearity, short impulse duration, and a...

Characterization and Identification of Super-Effective Thermal Fire Extinguishing Agents. Final Report. NGP Project 4C/1/890.

December 1, 2006

Author(s)

William M. Pitts, Rodney A. Bryant, L G. Blevins, M L. Huber

The use of halon 1301 for fire fighting is being phased out due to its deleterious effects on stratospheric ozone. This report summarizes the findings of a...

Propagation and Detection of Radio Signals Before, During, and After the Implosion of a Large Convention Center

October 1, 2006

Author(s)

Christopher L. Holloway, Galen H. Koepke, Dennis G. Camell, Catherine A. Remley, Susan A. Schima, M. McKinley, Robert T. Johnk

In this report, we investigate radio communications problems faced by emergency responders (firefighters and police) in disaster situations such as collapsed...

Characterization and Identification of Super-Effective Thermal Fire Extinguishing Agents. Final Report. NGP Project 4C/1/890.

July 1, 2006

Author(s)

William M. Pitts, Jiann C. Yang, Rodney A. Bryant, L G. Blevins, Marcia L. Huber

The use of halon 1301 for fire fighting is being phased out due to its deleterious effects on stratospheric ozone. This report summarizes the findings of a...

Numerical Comparison of Currents Induced on an Object in a Free Space and a TEM Cell Environment

July 1, 2006

Author(s)

Per E. Fornberg, Christopher L. Holloway, Perry F. Wilson

The finite difference time domain (FDTD) method is used to investigate if the currents induced on equipment under test (EUT) in a transverse electromagnetic...

Performance of Physical Structures in Hurricane Katrina and Hurricane Rita: A Reconnaissance Report (NIST TN 1476)

June 30, 2006

Author(s)

Stephen A. Cauffman, Long T. Phan, Fahim Sadek, William P. Fritz, Dat Duthinh, Walter J. Rossiter Jr

This is the final report on the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) led-reconnaissance to assess the performance of physical structures during...

Characterization of an Optical Time Domain Reflectometer Calibrator

April 1, 2006

Author(s)

Donald R. Larson, Nicholas Paulter, Kenneth C. Blaney

We report the results of an investigation into the signal characteristics and behavior of an instrument used by the US Air Force Metrology and Calibration...

Sensitivity of Multiple Sequence Alignments to Perturbations in Cost Matrices

October 12, 2005

Author(s)

Fern Y. Hunt, Agnes A. O'Gallagher

A description of a new method for aligning biological sequences is presented. It is based on a formulation as a Markov decision optimization problem. Alignment...