NOTICE: Due to a lapse in annual appropriations, most of this website is not being updated. Learn more.
Form submissions will still be accepted but will not receive responses at this time. Sections of this site for programs using non-appropriated funds (such as NVLAP) or those that are excepted from the shutdown (such as CHIPS and NVD) will continue to be updated.
An official website of the United States government
Here’s how you know
Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.
Uncertainty Analysis for NIST Noise-Parameter Measurements
Published
Author(s)
James P. Randa
Abstract
The uncertainty analysis is presented for NIST measurements of noise parameters of amplifiers and transistors, in both connectorized (coaxial) and on-wafer environments. We treat both the X-parameters, which are based on the wave representation of the noise correlation matrix, and the traditional IEEE noise parameters. An overview of the Monte Carlo program used to evaluate the type-B uncertainties is included.
Randa, J.
(2008),
Uncertainty Analysis for NIST Noise-Parameter Measurements, Technical Note (NIST TN), National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, [online], https://tsapps.nist.gov/publication/get_pdf.cfm?pub_id=32951
(Accessed October 25, 2025)